Oppositional Logics and the Antecedents of Hybridization: A Country-Level Study of the Diffusion of Islamic Banking Windows, 1975–2017

2020 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Boone, Christophe; Özcan, Serden

Abstract: Little is known about when and where hybrid organizations diffuse. We argue that ... Expand

Abstract: Little is known about when and where hybrid organizations diffuse. We argue that neo-institutional perspectives, which stress the constraining role of market categories and institutional logics, have to be complemented with demand-side perspectives that stress the enabling force of economic incentives to explain the origins of hybrids. We develop theory to predict the country-level diffusion of hybrid forms in Islamic banking in the 1975–2017 period, during which many conventional banks invaded the domain of Islamic banking by starting to sell Islamic banking services, or so-called “Islamic windows.” Our findings underscore the relevance of simultaneously studying the impact of constraining and enabling forces. Consistent with neo-institutional theory, we find strong evidence that a lack of constitutive legitimacy of the window form—only in countries where Muslims make up a large share of the population—and the ideological polarization of local audiences reify the ideological boundaries between the oppositional banking logics, which in turn hampers the diffusion of windows in the focal country. At the same time, however, it appears that the failure of local credit markets and country-level economic globalization, the latter even more in countries with a Muslim majority, provide potent economic incentives for the diffusion of windows. By stressing the role of utilitarian incentives and material exchange as drivers of hybridization, we bridge the gap between neo-institutional and more rationalist approaches of institutional change. Collapse

Topics: database system website digital media social identity

Methods: hazard function descriptive statistic robustness check regression analysis method likelihood-ratio test

Theories: institutional theory dominant logic

Sampling Social Media: Supporting Information Retrieval from Microblog Data Resellers with Text, Network, and Spatial Analysis

2018 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Buntain, Cody; McGrath, Erin; Behlendorf, Brandon

Abstract: This paper presents a computationally assisted method for scaling researcher exp ... Expand

Abstract: This paper presents a computationally assisted method for scaling researcher expertise to large, online social media datasets in which access is constrained and costly. Developed collaboratively between social and computer science researchers, this method is designed to be flexible, scalable, cost-effective, and to reduce bias in data collection. Online response to six case studies covering elections and election-related violence in Sub-Saharan African countries are explored using Twitter, a popular online microblogging platform. Results show: 1) automated query expansion can mitigate researcher bias, 2) machine learning models combining textual, social, temporal, and geographic features in social media data perform well in filtering data unrelated to the target event, and 3) these results are achievable while minimizing fee-based queries by bootstrapping with readily-available Twitter samples. Collapse

Topics: Twitter social media microblog internet technology data relevance

Methods: computational algorithm machine learning case study decision tree classification literature study

E-Business Value in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Southern Africa: A Quantitative Content Analysis of Websites

2018 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Tsumake, Meduduetso; Kyobe, Michael

Abstract: E-business models adopted by SMEs are often abstruse and poorly represented, whi ... Expand

Abstract: E-business models adopted by SMEs are often abstruse and poorly represented, which makes them difficult to evaluate e-business value. This research drew from different theories to create a comprehensive model for e-business evaluation. The study adopted Gerbner’s theory of communication exchange which posits that by studying the events of the communication exchange, one can infer about the state of the systems engaged in the exchange and their relationships. Consequently quantitative website content analysis of 20 SMEs was conducted to determine their e-business value. The results revealed that most products and services are offered and traded by an SME led by an entrepreneur who demonstrates commitment to the business and is visionary. Also, when there is more technology functionality within the business and its network, connections with other actors are enabled which instigates communication. Lastly, value activity is created when e-business is well maintained and used by employees with intellectual resources. Collapse

Topics: electronic business website value creation strategic management business process management

Methods: conceptual modelling parametric test Student's t-test qualitative content analysis descriptive statistic

Theories: communication theory

Legitimacy and the Benefits of Firm Formalization

2017 | Organization Science | Citations: 14

Authors: Assenova, Valentina A.; Sorenson, Olav

Abstract: Entrepreneurs in many emerging economies start their firms informally, without r ... Expand

Abstract: Entrepreneurs in many emerging economies start their firms informally, without registering with the state. We examine how informality at the time of founding affected the performance of 12,146 firms in 18 countries across sub-Saharan Africa. Our findings indicate that entrepreneurs who registered their firms at founding enjoyed greater success in terms of sales and employment. But these benefits varied widely across countries. Consistent with the idea that legitimation processes account for these benefits, countries in which people trust their government more had larger advantages associated with being formal. Collapse

Topics: organizational productivity

Methods: survey descriptive statistic data transformation parametric test two sample t-test with equal variance

Developing Health Information Systems in Developing Countries: The Flexible Standards Strategy

2007 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 125

Authors: Braa, Jørn; Hanseth, Ole; Heywood, Arthur; Mohammed, Woinshet; Shaw, Vincent

Abstract: The development of appropriate integrated and scalable information systems in th ... Expand

Abstract: The development of appropriate integrated and scalable information systems in the health sector in developing countries has been difficult to achieve, and is likely to remain elusive in the face of continued fragmented funding of health programs, particularly related to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. In this article, we propose a strategy for developing information infrastructures in general and in particular for the health care sector in developing countries. We use complexity science to explain the challenges that need to be addressed, in particular the need for standards that can adapt to a changing health care environment, and propose the concept of flexible standards as a key element in a sustainable infrastructure development strategy. Drawing on case material from a number of developing countries, a case is built around the use of flexible standards as attractors, arguing that if they are well defined and simple, they will be able to adapt to the frequent changes that are experienced in the complex health environment. A number of paradoxes are highlighted as useful strategies, integrated independence being one that encourages experimentation and heterogeneity to develop and share innovative solutions while still conforming to simple standards. The article provides theoretical concepts to support standardization processes in complex systems, and to suggest an approach to implement health standards in developing country settings that is sensitive to the local context, allows change to occur through small steps, and provides a mechanism for scaling information systems. Collapse

Topics: health information system information technology infrastructure information systems standardization data warehouse systems development

Methods: case study action research longitudinal research design artifact theory development

Theories: complex adaptive system boundary objects theory complexity theory socio technical theory actor network theory

ICT Investment Impacts on Future Levels of Democracy, Corruption, and E-Government Acceptance in Emerging Countries

2007 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Soper, Daniel

Abstract: Structuration theory and the theory of network society are used to guide an inve ... Expand

Abstract: Structuration theory and the theory of network society are used to guide an investigation of the extent to which ICT investments in emerging countries impact future levels of democracy, corruption, and egovernment acceptance. Using structural path modeling and data from fifty emerging economies, this paper finds that an emerging country’s acceptance of the e-government paradigm is contingent upon its levels of corruption and institutionalized democracy, which in turn are contingent upon the country’s ICT investment levels. The specific details and implications of these findings for policy-makers are discussed. Collapse

Topics: IT investment government system missing data information technology infrastructure database system

Methods: data imputation Markov chain Monte Carlo

Theories: structuration theory