Informal Legacy and Exporting Among Sub-Saharan African Firms

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Larsen, Marcus M.; Witte, Caroline T.

Abstract: Around the world and especially in areas of widespread poverty, firms start thei ... Expand

Abstract: Around the world and especially in areas of widespread poverty, firms start their operations without registering with relevant authorities (i.e., in the informal economy). We explore whether firms that initiated their operations in the informal economy but later register have a higher propensity to export than firms that register at the time of their foundation. We reason that the experience of having operated informally provides formally registered firms with the advantage of low-cost and flexible exploration but also a domestic legitimacy liability. We suggest that these factors likely contribute to making foreign export markets more attractive after registration. Based on a comprehensive sample of sub-Saharan African firms, we find that, conditional on registration, firms with an informal legacy have a higher propensity to initiate exporting than firms that started their operations formally. We contribute with theoretical and policy-oriented insights on the dynamics of informality and exporting. Funding: The work of M. M. Larsen was supported by the Carlsbergfondet [Grant CF17_0384]. Collapse

Topics: financial performance logistics management business model anonymity innovation management

Methods: survey descriptive statistic regression analysis method statistical hypothesis test logistic regression

Theories: theory of abduction transaction cost economics

An approach to modelling complex ICT4D investment problems: towards a solution-oriented framework and data analytics methodology

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Samoilenko, Sergey; Osei-Bryson, Kweku-Muata

Abstract: Economies of the world invest in ICT with the uniform purpose of obtaining socio ... Expand

Abstract: Economies of the world invest in ICT with the uniform purpose of obtaining socio-economic benefits. Determination of the most appropriate path of success linking ICT to socio-economic benefits is a complex multidimensional problem that is not amenable to methodological approaches based on a single perspective. Policy analysts and researchers are, therefore, in need of adequate tools for modelling and analysing the complex ICT4D investment problem. In this paper, we present a consistent solution-oriented theoretical and methodological approach that focuses on discovering pitfalls and best practices that the experience of travelling “ICT → outcomes” path may offer. Specifically, we ask: “What are some lessons that ‘newer entrants’ (represented by the economies of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)) may learn from ‘earlier travelers’ (represented by Transition Economies (TE))?” Among many findings is the difference in the sources of growth in productivity between the SSA- and TE-dominated groups of economies. Besides practical insights, this study offers several contributions to policy-makers and researchers including: a theoretical framework that allows for conceptually complex inquiries into the matters of ICT4D and a multi-method methodology that can be used to identify (a) important areas suitable for benchmarking and (b) differences requiring a customised context-specific approach. Collapse

Topics: information and communication technology for development information technology capability productivity analytical information system decision making

Methods: cluster analysis theoretical contribution conceptual modelling theory development cross sectional research

Theories: theory of economic development theory of economic growth

Modelling the Asymmetrical Relationships between Digitalisation and Sustainable Competitiveness: A Cross-Country Configurational Analysis

2021 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Delgosha, Mohammad Soltani; Saheb, Tahereh; Hajiheydari, Nastaran

Abstract: Sustainable competitiveness (SC) encourages nations not only to meet the needs o ... Expand

Abstract: Sustainable competitiveness (SC) encourages nations not only to meet the needs of the current generation but also to sustain or even expand national wealth in the future without depleting natural and social capital. Drawing on complexity theory, we used a configurational approach to identify under what necessary and sufficient conditions, digitalisation contributes to achieve higher SC. Shifting attention from net effects to configuration analysis improves our understanding of cross-national differences in sustainability by exploring how the digitalisation factors combine to strengthen SC power across countries. To address the complexity of this configuration, we have incorporated fsQCA and NCA techniques in the modelling of high and low levels of sustainable competitiveness recipes. Analysis of data from 127 countries advanced our perception of how access to ICT infrastructures and capabilities, combined with the adoption and usage of ICT could result in different degrees of sustainable competitiveness. Theoretically, this study contributes to the literature on digitalisation and national sustainability; and it can practically act as a guideline for policymakers to understand the complex interactions and causal configurations of digitalisation factors on sustainability. Collapse

Topics: information system use IT skill information technology capability innovation management technology adoption

Methods: conceptual modelling mixed method theory development fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis necessary condition analysis

Theories: complexity theory set theory

Oppositional Logics and the Antecedents of Hybridization: A Country-Level Study of the Diffusion of Islamic Banking Windows, 1975–2017

2020 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Boone, Christophe; Özcan, Serden

Abstract: Little is known about when and where hybrid organizations diffuse. We argue that ... Expand

Abstract: Little is known about when and where hybrid organizations diffuse. We argue that neo-institutional perspectives, which stress the constraining role of market categories and institutional logics, have to be complemented with demand-side perspectives that stress the enabling force of economic incentives to explain the origins of hybrids. We develop theory to predict the country-level diffusion of hybrid forms in Islamic banking in the 1975–2017 period, during which many conventional banks invaded the domain of Islamic banking by starting to sell Islamic banking services, or so-called “Islamic windows.” Our findings underscore the relevance of simultaneously studying the impact of constraining and enabling forces. Consistent with neo-institutional theory, we find strong evidence that a lack of constitutive legitimacy of the window form—only in countries where Muslims make up a large share of the population—and the ideological polarization of local audiences reify the ideological boundaries between the oppositional banking logics, which in turn hampers the diffusion of windows in the focal country. At the same time, however, it appears that the failure of local credit markets and country-level economic globalization, the latter even more in countries with a Muslim majority, provide potent economic incentives for the diffusion of windows. By stressing the role of utilitarian incentives and material exchange as drivers of hybridization, we bridge the gap between neo-institutional and more rationalist approaches of institutional change. Collapse

Topics: database system website digital media social identity

Methods: hazard function descriptive statistic robustness check regression analysis method likelihood-ratio test

Theories: institutional theory dominant logic

Security and Privacy Challenges for Healthcare: Minitrack Overview

2017 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Plachkinova, Miloslava; Grispos, George

Abstract: The Security and Privacy Challenges for Healthcare minitrack at HICSS-50 provide ... Expand

Abstract: The Security and Privacy Challenges for Healthcare minitrack at HICSS-50 provides a unique perspective on the emerging field of information security and privacy advancements in healthcare. Three high quality papers were selected for the minitrack, which represent a wide range of research interests. These include evaluating the tension between sharing and protecting health information, assessing risk to ambulatory medical devices using attack-graph threat modeling, and privacy-aware research and development in wearable health technology. While distinct, these papers touch upon a very common growing concern in our society, namely addressing security and privacy concerns during the collection, storage and handling of Protected Health Information (PHI) and electronic health records. Collapse

Topics: healthcare data privacy smart wearable device

Delivering Disruption in an Emergent Access Economy: A Case Study of an E-Hailing Platform

2017 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Tan, Felix; Tan, Barney; Lu, Anthony; Land, Lesley

Abstract: The growing adoption of platforms such as Uber and Airbnb has contributed to the ... Expand

Abstract: The growing adoption of platforms such as Uber and Airbnb has contributed to the emergence of an access economy, which has disrupted a number of incumbent industries in the process. In this study, we examine goCatch, one of Australia’s largest e-hailing and ride-sharing multi-sided platforms. From our investigations, we find that the technology affordances of multi-sided digital platforms can help to deliver new commercial services and offerings to consumers of the platform, which enables new forms of consumption and, subsequently, disrupts the incumbent industry. Our findings provide the empirical premise for a model that illustrates the role of technology in enabling consumer recognition, consumer engagement, and consumer transposition in the e-hailing context. For theory, we build on extant literature to identify the forms of motivational affordances leveraged in disruptive platforms and technologies. For practice, we conceptualize the function of technology-enabled gamification as an emergent strategy that one can use to induce consumers to change their behaviors, develop their technical skills and drive innovation that plays a central role in enabling digital disruption. This study also clarifies the relationship between technology affordances and value creation against the backdrop of the emergent access economy. Collapse

Topics: affordance digital disruption digital platform gamification disruptive innovation

Methods: qualitative interview case study qualitative coding field study single case study

Theories: theory of affordance

Creating Engaging Student to Student Engagement in an Online Class

2013 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Landry, Brett

Abstract: Online classrooms present a challenge in offering student to student engagement. ... Expand

Abstract: Online classrooms present a challenge in offering student to student engagement. The traditional mean for this has been discussion threads, however levels of participation and quality of responses are frequent issues. Another issue, is the amount of time on the part of the instructor to review and grade discussion threads. This paper describes and simple and innovative way to use quizzes as peer reviews that allows for student response tracking, anonymous and names responses, and automatically tabulate responses. Collapse

Topics: anonymity IT security

The Autonomy Paradox: The Implications of Mobile Email Devices for Knowledge Professionals

2013 | Organization Science | Citations: 248

Authors: Mazmanian, Melissa; Orlikowski, Wanda J.; Yates, JoAnne

Abstract: Our research examines how knowledge professionals use mobile email devices to ge ... Expand

Abstract: Our research examines how knowledge professionals use mobile email devices to get their work done and the implications of such use for their autonomy to control the location, timing, and performance of work. We found that knowledge professionals using mobile email devices to manage their communication were enacting a norm of continual connectivity and accessibility that produced a number of contradictory outcomes. Although individual use of mobile email devices offered these professionals flexibility, peace of mind, and control over interactions in the short term, it also intensified collective expectations of their availability, escalating their engagement and thus reducing their ability to disconnect from work. Choosing to use their mobile email devices to work anywhere/anytime—actions they framed as evidence of their personal autonomy—the professionals were ending up using it everywhere/all the time, thus diminishing their autonomy in practice. This autonomy paradox reflected professionals’ ongoing navigation of the tension between their interests in personal autonomy on the one hand and their professional commitment to colleagues and clients on the other. We further found that this dynamic has important unintended consequences—reaffirming and challenging workers’ sense of themselves as autonomous and responsible professionals while also collectively shifting the norms of how work is and should be performed in the contemporary workplace. Collapse

Topics: electronic mail mobile system mobile phone personality unintended consequence

Methods: qualitative interview theory development qualitative content analysis theoretical contribution

Theories: dynamic capabilities theory

Content Contribution for Revenue Sharing and Reputation in Social Media: A Dynamic Structural Model

2012 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 73

Authors: Tang, Qian; Gu, Bin; Whinston, Andrew B.

Abstract: This study examines the incentives for content contribution in social media. We ... Expand

Abstract: This study examines the incentives for content contribution in social media. We propose that exposure and reputation are the major incentives for contributors. Besides, as more and more social media Web sites offer advertising-revenue sharing with some of their contributors, shared revenue provides an extra incentive for contributors who have joined revenue-sharing programs. We develop a dynamic structural model to identify a contributor's underlying utility function from observed contribution behavior. We recognize the dynamic nature of the content-contribution decision-that contributors are forward-looking, anticipating how their decisions affect future rewards. Using data collected from YouTube, we show that content contribution is driven by a contributor's desire for exposure, revenue sharing, and reputation and that the contributor makes decisions dynamically. Collapse

Topics: YouTube social media web application website Twitter

Methods: simulation robustness check descriptive statistic Markov chain dynamic programming

Factors Influencing e-Government Maturity in Transition Economies and Developing Countries: A Longitudinal Perspective

2011 | ACM SIGMIS Database | Citations: 0

Authors: Ifinedo, Princely

Abstract: This study examines the influences of relevant environmental factors on E-govern ... Expand

Abstract: This study examines the influences of relevant environmental factors on E-government (E-gov) maturity in transition economies and developing countries (TEDC). Countries from Eastern Europe, Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin American and South Asia were selected for the study. Prior research has investigated E-gov growth, development, and diffusion across both the developed and developing worlds. While such a focus is useful for comparative analyses at a global level, it is however argued that more useful information will emerge to enrich insight when research efforts particularly focus attention on issues in emerging parts of the world. Very few researchers have studied the factors influencing E-gov maturity in TEDC and with the approach employed in this present research. Using relevant theoretical frameworks, this research identified and examined the impact of 9 environmental factors of socio, political, economic, and technological dimensions on E-gov maturity in TEDC. A 5-year panel data consisting of 320 observations or data points was used in conjunction with the ordinary least squares (OLS) technique. This research also provided analyses for each of the selected sub-regions to enhance insight. Overall, the results showed that the availability of quality human resource, technological infrastructure, innovative capacity, wealth, rule of law, and transparency levels are important factors that positively impact E-gov maturity in TEDC. The implications of the study's findings for research and policy making are discussed. Future research avenues are also highlighted. Collapse

Topics: human resource management digital divide government system

Methods: longitudinal research regression analysis method cross sectional research nonparametric test theory development

Theories: economic theory contingency theory