Disentangling Human-AI Hybrids

2023 | Business & Information Systems Engineering | Citations: 0

Authors: Fabri, Lukas; Häckel, Björn; Oberländer, Anna Maria; Rieg, Marius; Stohr, Alexander

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) offers great potential in organizations. The path t ... Expand

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) offers great potential in organizations. The path to achieving this potential will involve human-AI interworking, as has been confirmed by numerous studies. However, it remains to be explored which direction this interworking of human agents and AI-enabled systems ought to take. To date, research still lacks a holistic understanding of the entangled interworking that characterizes human-AI hybrids, so-called because they form when human agents and AI-enabled systems closely collaborate. To enhance such understanding, this paper presents a taxonomy of human-AI hybrids, developed by reviewing the current literature as well as a sample of 101 human-AI hybrids. Leveraging weak sociomateriality as justificatory knowledge, this study provides a deeper understanding of the entanglement between human agents and AI-enabled systems. Furthermore, a cluster analysis is performed to derive archetypes of human-AI hybrids, identifying ideal–typical occurrences of human-AI hybrids in practice. While the taxonomy creates a solid foundation for the understanding and analysis of human-AI hybrids, the archetypes illustrate the range of roles that AI-enabled systems can play in those interworking scenarios. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence human computer interaction human AI collaboration sensemaking system development method

Methods: cluster analysis qualitative interview design artifact design methodology literature study

Theories: sociomaterialism theory co-evolution theory social practice theory

Taking the Person Seriously: Ethically Aware IS Research in the Era of Reinforcement Learning-Based Personalization

2023 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Greene, Travis; Shmueli, Galit; Ray, Soumya

Abstract: Advances in reinforcement learning and implicit data collection on large-scale ... Expand

Abstract: Advances in reinforcement learning and implicit data collection on large-scale commercial platforms mark the beginning of a new era of personalization aimed at the adaptive control of human user environments. We present five emergent features of this new paradigm of personalization that endanger persons and societies at scale and analyze their potential to reduce personal autonomy, destabilize social and political systems, and facilitate mass surveillance and social control, among other concerns. We argue that current data protection laws, most notably the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation, are limited in their ability to adequately address many of these issues. Nevertheless, we believe that IS researchers are well-situated to engage with and investigate this new era of personalization. We propose three distinct directions for ethically aware reinforcement learning-based personalization research uniquely suited to the strengths of IS researchers across the sociotechnical spectrum. Collapse

Topics: usability personalization legal context General Data Protection Regulation information privacy law

Methods: reinforcement learning computational algorithm simulation language model experiment

Theories: social sciences theory

Comments on Evermann and Rönkkö (2023): Recent Developments in PLS

2023 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Goodhue, Dale; Lewis, Will; Thompson, Ron

Abstract: Evermann and Rönkkö (2023) have provided an excellent overview of recent findin ... Expand

Abstract: Evermann and Rönkkö (2023) have provided an excellent overview of recent findings relating to the use of Partial Least Squares (PLS). Their overall message is that if researchers decide to use PLS, they need to ensure that they follow best practices to reduce the possibility of obtaining misleading or erroneous results. We generally agree with many of the specifics of their assessment, but go further to recommend against the use of PLS. In particular, we demonstrate exactly how PLS introduces biases, arguing that the algorithm violates accepted norms for statistical inference. Our final recommendation is for the Editors-in-Chief of top IS research journals to convene a task force to assess the advisability of continuing to accept articles where PLS is used for publication in IS journals. Collapse

Topics: accounting

Methods: partial least squares regression computational algorithm SEM tool

Navigating paradigm shifts and transitioning challenges for Customer Success: Learning from SaaS business models

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Iqbal, Taskeen; Gogulapati, Raji; Iqbal, Kiram

Abstract: Achieving Customer Success (CS) has become the primary goal for Anything as a s ... Expand

Abstract: Achieving Customer Success (CS) has become the primary goal for Anything as a service (XaaS) vendors with recurring revenue models to provide continuous value to their customers. This article attempts to present the theoretical insights on the key drivers of CS Management and proposes a conceptual framework based on 32 in-depth interviews with CS Practitioners. First, this article analyses the theoretical foundations and customer value management challenges for the newly emerging field of CS for subscription-based business models. Second, this article outlines three key drivers (prevent churn, increase success, ensure usage continuance from the conceptual framework) for CS from the voices of practicing CS professionals using the Grounded Theory Method (GTM). Third, this article analyzes the key drivers along with root cause analysis for churn and recognizes the practical implications of operating model shifts involved in moving to subscription models for XaaS vendors. Collapse

Topics: business model software as a service business-to-business value creation LinkedIn

Methods: qualitative interview grounded theory constant comparative analysis personal interview literature study

Theories: dynamic capabilities theory

Blockchain from the information systems perspective: Literature review, synthesis, and directions for future research

2023 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Lei, Chun Fong; Ngai, Eric W.T.

Abstract: This paper profiled blockchain studies in information systems (IS) journals from ... Expand

Abstract: This paper profiled blockchain studies in information systems (IS) journals from 2016 to 2022. Drawing on the 443 selected articles from 77 IS journals, we proposed a classification scheme from the IS perspective. Current blockchain articles are highly skewed, focusing on research agendas and system design. We proposed a theo­ retical framework by summarizing the current status of the blockchain literature and highlighting 15 future research questions for the IS research community. We are optimistic that the proposed framework and future research questions can guide blockchain research and advance its scale and impact. Collapse

Topics: blockchain innovation management systems design IS discipline database system

Methods: literature study structured literature research literature sample case study simulation

Theories: information systems theory social network theory

A Framework for Developing Cross-Sectional Surveys

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Mehler, Maren; Ellenrieder, Sara; Akdag, Merve Turan; Wagner, Amina; Benbasat, Izak

Abstract: Although the use of cross-sectional surveys is widespread in Information System ... Expand

Abstract: Although the use of cross-sectional surveys is widespread in Information Systems (IS) research and related disciplines, few papers address the survey development process. In order to ensure a standardized approach, comparable and valid results, as well as to guide researchers in quantitative research methods, this paper presents a framework for the survey development process in IS. Based on a Design Science Research (DSR) methodology, the framework was derived from a structured literature review of leading IS journals and refined by three focus group discussions among IS experts. The framework includes several steps and considerations on the sample size, variable selection, their order in the survey, protection against bias, ensuring validity and reliability, and testing before administering the survey with a focus on documentation and reporting. Our framework supports quantitative research by providing a structured approach to create reliable and credible surveys. Collapse

Topics: website implicit knowledge ease of use privacy anonymity

Methods: survey focus group survey design literature study cross sectional survey

Digital Transformation Capabilities in Manufacturing SMEs: Gaining Agility through IT Capability Configurations

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 4

Authors: Pelletier, Claudia; L'Écuyer, François; Raymond, Louis

Abstract: Adopting a capability-based view of digital transformation as a 2nd-order ‘dynam ... Expand

Abstract: Adopting a capability-based view of digital transformation as a 2nd-order ‘dynamic’ capability, this paper investigates how 1st-order dynamic and operational IT capabilities are strategically configured and aligned by manufacturing SMEs in order to gain organizational agility. Resulting from a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) of 67 Canadian SMEs, our results show that a high level of organizational agility is concretized when these firms align at least three dynamic IT capabilities and one operational IT capability. Through three high-performing configurations composed of the sensing, learning, coordinating and integrating dynamic IT capabilities along with the IT management capability and e-business capability, we demonstrate which capabilities are present to achieve a high level of organizational agility, and under what environmental condition they manifest themselves. Providing a richer description and deeper understanding of the interrelationships between the IT capabilities required by manufacturing SMEs’ digital transformation, our contributions are both practical and theoretical. Collapse

Topics: information technology capability IS management digital transformation electronic business information technology infrastructure

Methods: survey machine learning fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis descriptive statistic cross sectional research

Theories: dynamic capabilities theory fuzzy set theory

The impact of IT–business strategic alignment on firm performance: The evolving role of IT in industries

2023 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Pesce, Danilo; Neirotti, Paolo

Abstract: This study proposes and validates a new industry taxonomy to understand the use ... Expand

Abstract: This study proposes and validates a new industry taxonomy to understand the use of IT that generates superior economic returns based on the specific economic and competitive characteristics of four different industry types and the strategic role of IT in each of these industry environments. Our findings extend the well-established industry taxonomy on the strategic role of IT (Automate, Informate, Transform) by considering how IT is changing the nature of the product/service in industries where transformational logics prevail. We found that in industries where the product/service is digital in nature, the firms that achieve higher economic returns are those where IT is used to support dual strategies based on the integration of cost leadership and differentiation. Conversely, in other industries – with the exception of those producing commodities – the firms that achieve superior returns are those that use IT to support differentiation. The results of this study can help managers make intelligent decisions about competitive strategies and IT investments, depending on the business environment of the sector in which the firm operates and the generative potential of emerging technologies to do new things. Collapse

Topics: productivity strategic management organizational productivity information systems strategy business model

Methods: longitudinal research cross sectional research econometric modeling regression analysis method descriptive statistic

Theories: theory of economic growth theory of economic cycles

Design Principles in Information Systems Research: Trends in Construction and Formulation

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Strohmann, Timo; Siemon, Dominik; Elshan, Edona; Gnewuch, Ulrich

Abstract: Design knowledge has become increasingly important in information systems resea ... Expand

Abstract: Design knowledge has become increasingly important in information systems research in recent years, with Design Science Research (DSR) as an approach to developing innovative and effective artifacts. Design Principles (DPs) have proven to be a popular tool for contributing to abstract design knowledge. The construction and formulation of DPs has become more professional in recent years, with publications providing guidance. However, the implementation by researchers of these rules needs to be investigated. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic literature review, analyzed the various forms of design knowledge that have emerged, and examined the state of design principle construction and formulation. Our analysis shows that in recent years there has been a significant increase in the number of publications dealing with DP design. Our results shed light on the characteristics and evolution of DPs, as well as their construction and formulation, and provide valuable guidance for future research. Collapse

Topics: database system information system use business model business intelligence enterprise information system

Methods: structured literature research design guideline design principle design pattern literature sample

Bridging Digital Divides: a Literature Review and Research Agenda for Information Systems Research

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 3

Authors: Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni; Hustad, Eli

Abstract: Extant literature has increased our understanding of the multifaceted nature of ... Expand

Abstract: Extant literature has increased our understanding of the multifaceted nature of the digital divide, showing that it entails more than access to information and communication resources. Research indicates that digital inequality mirrors to a significant extent offline inequality related to socioeconomic resources. Bridging digital divides is critical for sustainable digitalized societies. Ιn this paper, we present a literature review of Information Systems research on the digital divide within settings with advanced technological infrastructures and economies over the last decade (2010–2020). The review results are organized in a concept matrix mapping contributing factors and measures for crossing the divides. Building on the results, we elaborate a research agenda that proposes [1] extending established models of digital inequalities with new variables and use of theory, [2] critically examining the effects of digital divide interventions, and [3] better linking digital divide research with research on sustainability. Collapse

Topics: digital divide smartphone information system use internet technology communication service infrastructure

Methods: literature study synthesis literature sample structured literature research survey