Risk and the future of AI: Algorithmic bias, data colonialism, and marginalization

2023 | Information and Organization | Citations: 0

Authors: Arora, A.; Barrett, M.; Lee, E.; Oborn, E.; Prince, K.

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Topics: artificial intelligence algorithmic bias responsible artificial intelligence legal context outsourcing

Methods: computational algorithm design methodology generative adversarial network

A Guide for Stakeholder Analysis in IS/IT Management and Research: The Case of Broadband Availability in Rural North Carolina

2023 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Gebauer, Judith; Modaresnezhad, Minoo; Sibona, Christopher; Matthews, Kevin

Abstract: Stakeholder analysis is a methodology that can provide valuable insights about ... Expand

Abstract: Stakeholder analysis is a methodology that can provide valuable insights about a phenomenon. Information systems and information technology researchers have utilized stakeholder analysis to understand and learn from successes, failures, and other aspects of IS/IT initiatives. In this tutorial, we provide guidelines for conducting a stakeholder analysis currently missing in the IS/IT discipline despite being repeatedly called for. We reviewed studies on stakeholder analysis within IS/IT first, but found that there was not sufficient coverage. Then we went outside the discipline and found relevant studies in the areas of organizational and strategic management and public policy. Our analysis, then, consists of a review and a combination of the findings of studies from within the IS/IT discipline and studies in organizational and strategic management and public policy. Our guidelines start with determining who the stakeholders are related to a phenomenon and what key concerns these stakeholders have about the phenomenon. In the next step, we relate stakeholders to one another and across the key concerns and point out how to identify possible coalitions. Last, we describe how to apply these findings to determine strategies for managing stakeholders or building theory around a phenomenon and its concerns. These final steps can be used to make policy recommendations, provide guidance for IS/IT-related initiatives, or present constructs and relationships that can be tested by future researchers. We demonstrate the applicability of our guidelines with a case study about broadband availability in rural North Carolina. Collapse

Topics: IT project strategic management internet technology project management electronic mail

Methods: theory development case study survey qualitative interview triangulation

The Hidden Costs and Benefits of Monitoring in the Gig Economy

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Liang, Chen; Peng, Jing; Hong, Yili; Gu, Bin

Abstract: Monitoring, a digital surveillance technology that allows employers to track the ... Expand

Abstract: Monitoring, a digital surveillance technology that allows employers to track the activities of workers, is ubiquitous in the gig economy wherein the workforce is geographically dispersed. However, workers are often reluctant to be monitored because of privacy concerns, resulting in a hidden economic cost for employers as workers tend to demand higher wages for monitored jobs. To help employers make informed decisions on whether they should adopt monitoring and how to design monitoring policies, we investigate how three common dimensions of monitoring affect workers’ willingness to accept monitored jobs as well as the underlying mechanisms through online experiments on two gig economy platforms (Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT) and Prolific). The three dimensions of monitoring are intensity (how much information is collected), transparency (whether the monitoring policy is disclosed to workers), and control (whether workers can remove sensitive information). We find that, as the monitoring intensity increases, workers become less willing to accept monitoring because of elevated privacy concerns. Furthermore, we find that being transparent about the monitoring policy increases workers’ willingness to accept monitoring only when the monitoring intensity is low. Transparent disclosure does not reduce privacy concerns over high-intensity monitoring. Interestingly, providing control over high-intensity monitoring does not significantly reduce workers’ privacy concerns either, rendering this well-intentioned policy ineffective. Finally, females are more willing to accept monitored jobs than males as they perceive higher payment protection from monitoring and have lower privacy concerns. On average, we estimate that the compensations required for workers to accept monitoring are $1.8/hour for AMT workers and $1.6/hour for Prolific workers, which translate to roughly 37.5% and 28.6% of their average hourly wages, respectively.History: Alessandro Acquisti, Senior Editor; Idris Adjerid, Associate Editor.Funding: This work was supported by National Science Foundation Doctoral Dissertation Research [Grant 1824432].Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2022.1130. Collapse

Topics: information privacy concern platform worker privacy IT policy IT work

Methods: experiment survey experimental design regression analysis method mediation analysis

A perfect match or an arranged marriage? How chief digital officers and chief information officers perceive their relationship: a dyadic research design

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Lorenz, Felix; Buchwald, Arne

Abstract: Several organisations have introduced a new leadership role, the Chief Digital O ... Expand

Abstract: Several organisations have introduced a new leadership role, the Chief Digital Officer (CDO), as a centralised role in their top management team (TMT), tasked with accelerating and coordinating their digital transformation. While previous research proposes a complementary, tight alignment between the CDO and the Chief Information Officer (CIO), role redundancies and the fight for recognition and resources also suggest an inherent tension. We provide insights into the CIO-CDO collaboration quality based on role, TMT cooperation, conflict theory, and a dyadic design approach of 11 CIO-CDO relationships with 33 expert interviews in two waves. Our findings indicate that the CIO-CDO relationship may not always be as complementary as proposed in the literature; instead, in the vast majority of our dyads, there is too much role conflict to achieve tight alignment, leading to separation behaviour between the roles. We identify the involvement in the introduction of the other role, the CIO demand-side orientation, and the CDO supply-side orientation as important contingency factors determining the quality of the CIO-CDO relationship. Finally, unless the CIO-CDO relationship resembles a perfect match, a unified Chief Digital and Information Officer (CDIO) role may better resolve the challenges we identify in our sample’s dyads. Our insights extend the understanding of the CIO-CDO relationship. Collapse

Topics: Chief Information Officer digital transformation information technology infrastructure innovation management digital innovation

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative coding triangulation personal interview descriptive statistic

Theories: role theory conflict theory

Memoirs from Bukhalalire: a poetic inquiry into the lived experience of M-PESA mobile money usage in rural Kenya

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: McBride, Neil; Liyala, Samuel

Abstract: M-PESA is the world’s leading mobile money system which supports the person-to-p ... Expand

Abstract: M-PESA is the world’s leading mobile money system which supports the person-to-person transfer of money. While the institutional meaning of M-PESA concerning financial inclusion and market access is well documented, the meaning attached to M-PESA by users, particularly in rural communities, has received less attention. This study examines the meaning of M-PESA to the rural poor in villages in Busia County, Western Kenya using the approach of poetic inquiry in which the expressions of local people are rendered as poetry in order to draw out affective and lived experience. A reading of the poems of seven participants reveals the perception of M-PESA as a means of empowerment for women, alignment with their social identity and access to education. This contrasts sharply with the meaning of M-PESA as seen by commercial and non-commercial institutions which focuses on connecting the unbanked to formal banking systems and the exploitation of M-PESA as a primary revenue stream. The paper concludes by highlighting the need for regulation which is delicately balanced between independence from institutional control and the exposure of the rural poor to exploitation. Collapse

Topics: mobile payment mobile system social identity social media social network

Methods: qualitative interview field study focus group biometric measurement facial recognition system

Digitalising Social Protection Systems for Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals: Insights from Zimbabwe

2023 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Ncube, Tomy; Murray, Una; Dennehy, Denis

Abstract: Social protection systems, a target of the United Nation's (UN) Sustainable Dev ... Expand

Abstract: Social protection systems, a target of the United Nation's (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), are intended to reduce extreme poverty, build human capital, and protect against risks to sustainable livelihoods and well-being. As social protection systems are by their nature inherently complex, multi-faceted, and socially embedded, it is inevitable that tensions will emerge between their design and implementation, representing design-reality gaps. These tensions present an excellent opportunity for cross-disciplinary research, by understanding how best to bridge these designreality gaps. In this qualitative, interpretivist case study, we situate our work on the ground with the actors involved in the design, implementation, and use of a social protection system in Zimbabwe. We find interaction failures amongst some users; design-reality gaps around network access and ICT policy implementation; as well as mixed views regarding transparency and accountability of ICT. Our findings provide rich insights from ICT users in the global south and underscore the importance of the co-creation of IS interventions together with communities to ensure technologies consider social, political, economic, and network realities. We conclude by providing directions for future research. Collapse

Topics: user centered design IT policy innovation management climate change Sustainable Development Goal

Methods: qualitative interview case study design methodology personal interview qualitative content analysis

Examining Experiences Concerning Goals Pursued and Smart Dimensions to Develop in Cities on their Path to Become Smart. The Case of Costa Rican Cities

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Pereira Piedra, I.; Rodríguez Bolívar, M.; Alcaide Muñoz, L.

Abstract: The rapid growth of the population in cities has given rise to major urban chal ... Expand

Abstract: The rapid growth of the population in cities has given rise to major urban challenges. This has led city governments to use technical solutions based on Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), arising the concept of smart city (SC). However, the strategy followed to become smart is still very diffuse. This paper seeks to analyze the opinion of the ICT managers of local governments in their initial stage of cities to become smart. To achieve this aim, we have conducted empirical research in Costa Rican cities, which are initiating the SC process, but emphasizing the technological implementation strategy they are using. Concretely, this paper analyzes variables such as the number of ICT projects, dimensions, goals and expected impacts as well as their association. Findings provide technological strategies that can be used and thus facilitate the implementation process of cities to become smart as well as the achievement of results. Collapse

Topics: IT manager IT project systems implementation decision making mobile application

Methods: survey descriptive statistic case study statistical power analysis

Management and sustenance of digital transformations in the Irish microbusiness sector: examining the key role of microbusiness owner-manager

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Shirish, Anuragini; Srivastava, Shirish C.; Panteli, Niki

Abstract: Despite the economic and societal significance of microbusinesses (MBs), digital ... Expand

Abstract: Despite the economic and societal significance of microbusinesses (MBs), digital transformation (DT) efforts in the MB sector have been rather sporadic. Further, prior DT studies have primarily examined large- and mid-sized organisations, leaving a perceptible void in the literature. In this paper, we leverage the unique context of MBs and recognise the key role of microbusiness owner-managers (MBOMs) for the management and sustenance of DT initiatives. Specifically, we theorise the influence of MBOMs’ DT readiness in terms of their growth and technology mindsets contributing to their DT learning resources and processes. Drawing on qualitative data from a series of structured interviews and focus groups with MBOMs and other key stakeholders in the Irish MB digital ecosystem, we identity three MBOM digital transformer archetypes comprising unique configurations of MBOMs’ growth and technology mindsets, namely: champion digital transformers, emerging digital transformers, and aspiring digital transformers. For each of these archetypes, we explore the different learning capabilities and mechanisms through which MBOMs manage and sustain their digital transformation efforts. Our findings offer theoretical contributions to the fields of digital transformation in microbusinesses, digital leadership, and digital capabilities. Our study also has significant implications for policy and practice. Collapse

Topics: digital transformation pandemic anonymity information technology capability electronic business

Methods: focus group qualitative interview theory development survey design self reported survey

Theories: theory of economic development

Battling Disinformation Intermediaries: An Analysis of Information Policies

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Zhu, Xiaohua; Yang, Shengnan

Abstract: Despite the increasing scholarly attention to disinformation, there is a lack o ... Expand

Abstract: Despite the increasing scholarly attention to disinformation, there is a lack of research on policies of disinformation, which has extended beyond social media to cover other aspects of disinformation distribution. This study is an investigation into a specific aspect of disinformation policy, intermediaries, defined as all channels, carriers, means, and mechanisms that enable disinformation creation, distribution, transmission, dissemination, and consumption, using technology or through traditional methods. Using an inductive thematic analysis approach, this study examined existing information policies in China and the United States and identified a wide range of disinformation intermediaries that are currently regulated or have the potential to be regulated by the government. The paper reports on these intermediaries and offers an analysis of the contexts of disinformation regulation in the two countries. The findings provide empirical evidence on current disinformation policy practices that may assist researchers, policymakers, and legislators in understanding the current disinformation policy landscape. Collapse

Topics: disinformation misinformation social media IT policy database system

Methods: qualitative content analysis qualitative coding archival research card sorting

How Do Paternalistic Leaders Motivate Employees’ Information Security Compliance? Building a Climate and Applying Sanctions

2023 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Zhu, Jiawen; Feng, Gengzhong; Liang, Huigang; Tsui, Kwok-Leung

Abstract: This paper examines the underlying mechanisms through which paternalistic leade ... Expand

Abstract: This paper examines the underlying mechanisms through which paternalistic leadership (PL) motivates employees' information systems policy (ISP) compliance. We propose that the three dimensions of PL-authoritarian leadership (AL), benevolent leadership (BL), and moral leadership (ML)-influence employees' ISP compliance by affecting their perceptions of two information security control mechanisms: sanctions and the information security climate. Based on survey data from 760 participants, we found that the impact of AL is partially mediated by employees' perceptions of sanctions, the impact of BL is partially mediated by employees' perceptions of the information security climate, and the impact of ML is partially mediated by employees' perceptions of both sanctions and the information security climate. Our research extends the existing literature by exploring the impact of specific leadership styles on employees' perceptions of information security control mechanisms and by proposing that perceptions of information security control mechanisms play a mediating role between PL and ISP compliance. The findings suggest that in addition to choosing effective control mechanisms, it is also important for leaders to adjust their leadership style to ensure that employees perceive control mechanisms in the expected manner.Jiawen Zhu is an assistant professor in the School of Management, Xi'an Jiaotong University. She received a joint PhD degree from Xi'an Jiaotong University and City University of Hong Kong. Her research interests focus on topics relating to information security management, such as information security compliance and leadership in information security management and information security control mechanisms. Her research has been published in Collapse

Topics: data security organizational context information security management organizational value IT policy

Methods: survey digital trace data self reported survey post-hoc analysis factor analysis

Theories: general deterrence theory