When Does the Pre-entry Experience of New Entrants Improve Their Performance? A Meta-Analytical Investigation of Critical Moderators

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Cao, Zhi; Posen, Hart E.

Abstract: Although pre-entry experience is widely regarded as a critical asset that positi ... Expand

Abstract: Although pre-entry experience is widely regarded as a critical asset that positively influences new entrant performance, empirical support is mixed. To address this inconsistency, we conduct a meta-analysis of the empirical findings in 272 papers. We draw theoretically on the organizational learning literature to argue that the pre-entry experience–new entrant performance relationship is contingent on the characteristics of pre-entry experience, the environmental context of the new entrant, and the interaction between the two. In particular, we examine the effects of two levels of pre-entry experience (firm and founder), four types of founder-level pre-entry experience (entrepreneurial, managerial, industry, and functional experience), and two types of environments (industry and institutional). The meta-analysis results show a significant and positive correlation between founder-level pre-entry experience and economic performance of 0.07. Likewise, the failure rates of spinouts and diversifying entrants are 11% lower than that of start-ups. The moderating analysis results show that the correlation of founder-level pre-entry experience and economic performance is lower in knowledge- or technology-intensive (KTI) industries and higher in low-KTI manufacturing and service industries. The correlation is also higher in institutional environments with high power distance and individualism. These findings provide compelling new evidence for the importance of pre-entry experience and advance our understanding of the boundary conditions on the pre-entry experience–new entrant performance relationship. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1589. Collapse

Topics: national culture organization learning entrepreneurship productivity research and development

Methods: descriptive statistic hazard function meta analysis literature sample chi squared test

Adoption Management: A Review of the Benefits Management and the Adoption Literature

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Falch, Cecilie; Krancher, Oliver

Abstract: The adoption of Information Systems (IS) is among the critical topics for IS re ... Expand

Abstract: The adoption of Information Systems (IS) is among the critical topics for IS research and practice. However, despite rich insights across IS literature streams, many IS implementation projects still struggle with user adoption and realising benefits. This paper argues that a knowledge gap exists because research has paid little attention to the definition, manifestations, and effects of adoption management in mandatory environments. The article proposes definitions and systematically reviews findings related to adoption management at the cross-section of the adoption and benefits management literature. The findings show that adoption management manifests across the two literature streams as constructs, models, and methods. While some articles examine these manifestations in the analysis, many discuss adoption management as an afterthought in the implications for practice in discussion sections, and few articles explicitly label it adoption management. We discuss these and other gaps and provide avenues for future research. Collapse

Topics: systems implementation user behavior enterprise information system organizational value user resistance

Methods: literature study design artifact literature sample cross sectional research structured literature research

Ethical management of human-AI interaction: Theory development review

2023 | Journal of Strategic Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Heyder, Teresa; Passlack, Nina; Posegga, Oliver

Abstract: AI-based technologies have changed the nature of the symbiosis between humans an ... Expand

Abstract: AI-based technologies have changed the nature of the symbiosis between humans and AI, and so strategic management of human-AI interaction in organizations requires deeper ethical consid­ erations. Aligning AI with human values requires a systematic understanding of the ethical management of human-AI interaction. We conduct a theoretical review, from a sociotechnical perspective, and analyze ethical management of human-AI interaction through the lens of soci­ omateriality. Our systematic approach helps explain and clarify the interdependencies between two ethical perspectives – duty and virtue ethics – in sociotechnical systems. We also provide a theoretical framework that leads to seven avenues for future research. Collapse

Topics: human AI collaboration artificial intelligence database system strategic management responsible artificial intelligence

Methods: literature sample theory development literature study synthesis chatGPT

Theories: sociomaterialism theory socio technical theory sociotechnical systems theory

Social aspects in organisational cyber-security effectiveness - Of British coal mines, resilience and emergence

2023 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Hofmann, Tom Fabian; Paula, Danielly de; Uebernickel, Falk

Abstract: Cyber-security, which plays a key role in all areas of the digital world, from ... Expand

Abstract: Cyber-security, which plays a key role in all areas of the digital world, from the power grid to healthcare, is mainly addressed from an analytical, engineering perspective. This research looks at social factors impacting real-life cyber-security, and their possible effects, such as resilience and emergence. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 20 participants from a broad range of international organisations. Their analysis shows that social factors are indeed relevant to cyber-security. Tension within social structures in organisations (e.g., employee-supervisor relationship, and peer pressure within teams) can significantly impact cyber-security effectiveness. The study concludes that cyber-security should be addressed through social-technical system design, in recognition of the fundamental interdependence of social and technical aspects. As a corollary, organisational cyber-security needs to be treated as a so-called wicked problem, for which a reductionist engineering approach is futile. The complexity and ambiguity of cyber-security's socio-technical challenges calls for adequate principles, ways of thinking and methods. Collapse

Topics: IT security database system human centered design privacy

Methods: qualitative interview conceptual modelling network analysis personal interview design methodology

Theories: sociotechnical systems theory general systems theory complex adaptive system socio technical theory

Revolutionizing Crowdworking Campaigns: Conquering Adverse Selection and Moral Hazard with the Help of Smart Contracts

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Hupe, Anna; Bretschneider, Ulrich

Abstract: Crowdworking is increasingly being applied by companies to outsource tasks beyo ... Expand

Abstract: Crowdworking is increasingly being applied by companies to outsource tasks beyond their core competencies flexibly and cost-effectively to an unknown group. However, the anonymous and financially incentivized nature of crowdworkers creates information asymmetries and conflicts of interest, leading to inefficiencies and intensifying the principal-agent problem. Our paper offers a solution to the widespread problem of inefficient Crowdworking campaigns. We first derive the currently applied Crowdworking campaign process based on a qualitative study. Subsequently, we identify the broadest adverse selection and moral hazard problems in the process. We then analyze how the blockchain application of smart contracts can counteract those challenges and develop a process model that maps a Crowdworking campaign using smart contracts. We explain how our developed process significantly reduces adverse selection and moral hazard at each stage. Thus, our research provides approaches to make online labor more attractive and transparent for companies and online workers. Collapse

Topics: smart contract moral hazard crowdsourcing blockchain platform work site

Methods: qualitative interview business process modeling qualitative coding theoretical contribution literature study

Theories: agency theory lemon market theory contract theory new institutional economics

Digital Carbon Accounting for Accelerating Decarbonization: Characteristics of IS-Enabled System Architectures

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Körner, Marc-Fabian; Schober, Marcus; Ströher, Tobias; Strüker, Jens

Abstract: To cope with climate change, an effective reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emi ... Expand

Abstract: To cope with climate change, an effective reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is necessary. An acceleration of decarbonization still lacks an efficient way to precisely account GHG emissions. Recent literature acknowledges the role of Information Systems (IS) research, particularly Green IS, to contribute to decarbonization by enabling digital carbon accounting (CA). In this context, various scholars set out to design system architectures -often focusing on the energy sector due to its large potential for decarbonization. As research and practice lack a comprehensive overview (e.g., to develop standards), our work aims at reducing this identified gap by providing key characteristics of digital CA system architectures that we derive from an extensive, structured literature review and a consecutive deductive and descriptive approach. We argue that a stronger focus on both, user and identity management and interoperable registries, may be beneficial to foster digital CA. Collapse

Topics: identity management digital ecosystem accounting database system enterprise architecture

Methods: structured literature research literature study company material

Understanding critical risks of business process outsourcing from the vendor perspective: A dyadic comparison Delphi study

2023 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Liu, Shan; Keil, Mark; Wang, Lin; Lu, Yaobin

Abstract: Business process outsourcing (BPO) enables organizations to enhance operational ... Expand

Abstract: Business process outsourcing (BPO) enables organizations to enhance operational capability, shorten response time, and gain strategic value. Yet, BPO risks are real and BPO initiatives can and do go awry. While prior research has attempted to understand BPO risks from the client perspective, the critical risks of BPO from the vendor perspective (and how they differ from those of the client perspective) are not well understood. By using the Delphi method, this study identifies and ranks BPO risk factors from the perspective of vendors as well as clients (for comparison purposes) across two countries. We identify a list of 68 BPO risk factors perceived by vendors and clients and top-ranked risk factors perceived by vendors. We categorize these factors into six risk dimensions (i.e., organizational environment, client, complexity, contract, execution, and vendor). Our findings indicate that vendors are concerned about not only the risks that influence their own business, but also those that may impact the business of clients. However, vendors focus more on client and execution risks, whereas clients focus more on vendor and organizational environment risks. Our research contributes to the existing literature by not only investigating the top-ranked risks from the perspective of vendors, but also revealing the similarities and differences in the perceptions of vendors and clients with respect to BPO risk. Our research also has practical utility for BPO vendors and clients. Collapse

Topics: outsourcing national culture brainstorming business function electronic mail

Methods: delphi study literature sample survey literature study qualitative interview

Theories: sociotechnical systems theory

Re-examining post-acceptance model of information systems continuance: A revised theoretical model using MASEM approach

2023 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Mishra, Anubhav; Shukla, Anuja; Rana, Nripendra P.; Currie, Wendy L; Dwivedi, Yogesh K.

Abstract: This study extends the post-acceptance model of information systems (IS) continu ... Expand

Abstract: This study extends the post-acceptance model of information systems (IS) continuance, which is widely used to explain users’ satisfaction and IS continuance intentions. The extended model includes additional variables such as perceived ease of use (PEOU), attitude, trust, and enjoyment. The proposed model was tested using metaanalytic structural equation modeling (MASEM). The analysis included 1,056 observations on fifteen relation­ ships from 214 independent studies with a combined sample of 84,343. The results confirm the significance of all the relationships proposed in the original model. Furthermore, the findings indicate that PEOU directly in­ fluences perceived usefulness, satisfaction, and attitude. Trust and enjoyment both have a positive impact on users’ satisfaction and IS continuance, wherein the effect of enjoyment was higher than trust. post-consumption satisfaction resulted in a favorable attitude toward technology, which further affected IS continuance. From a theoretical perspective, the current study acknowledges the shift in users’ attitude toward technology and em­ phasizes the hedonic value of IS usage as users report a higher degree of satisfaction toward responsive, easy to use, and enjoyable technologies. Marketers should focus on the enjoyment and gratifications derived from technology to increase potential IS usage. Collapse

Topics: information system use perceived usefulness technology adoption social media ease of use

Methods: meta analysis structural equation modeling descriptive statistic literature sample hierarchical linear modeling

Theories: post acceptance model unified theory of acceptance and use of technology expectation confirmation theory extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology learning theory

Chasing Cyber Security Unicorns: A Taxonomy-based Analysis of Cyber Security Start-ups’ Business Models

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Schütz, Florian; Spierau, Bastian; Rampold, Florian; Nickerson, Robert; Trang, Simon

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: IT security business model database system computer hardware business-to-consumer

Methods: cluster analysis literature study qualitative content analysis structured literature research qualitative interview

HOW PARTS CONNECT TO WHOLE IN BUILDING DIGITAL GENERATIVITY IN DIGITAL PLATFORM ECOSYSTEMS

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Sun, Jiamei; Xu, Dongming; Karanasios, Stan

Abstract: Generativity drives digital innovation and platform growth by engaging many oth ... Expand

Abstract: Generativity drives digital innovation and platform growth by engaging many other businesses with diverse digital skills and resources in a digital platform. As the proliferation of generativity research grows, the Information Systems (IS) literature demonstrates the basic understanding of this notion in the areas of properties of digital technologies, social events, and/or the interaction between these two without an integrated view of how generativity is raised to enable the digital innovation. Therefore, considering that digital platforms are a kind of ecosystem, we aim to develop a new understanding of this emerging phenomenon by employing a holistic perspective. Through the information ecology theoretical lens, we develop a digital generativity process model that explains how the technological and social resources interact to generate perpetual digital innovation in digital platform ecosystems (DPE). This study contributes to generativity research by providing a dynamic and holistic view of generativity formalization in DPEs. Collapse

Topics: innovation management digital ecosystem digital innovation digital platform technological change

Methods: business process modeling qualitative content analysis literature sample grounded theory applicability check