From Help to Harm: Increases in Status, Perceived Under-Reciprocation, and the Consequences for Access to Strategic Help and Social Undermining Among Female, Racial Minority, and White Male Top Managers

2021 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Keeves, Gareth D.; Westphal, James D.

Abstract: This paper explores how social psychological biases impede the social exchange r ... Expand

Abstract: This paper explores how social psychological biases impede the social exchange relations of executives who ascend to high-status corporate leadership positions. We theorize that a combination of self-serving attribution biases among executives who gain status and egocentric biases of their prior benefactors cause a systematic difference in perceptions about the relative importance of that help to the beneficiary’s success. This leads to the perception among prior benefactors that the high-status executives have not adequately reciprocated their help. We then extend this argument to explain why perceptions of under-reciprocation are heightened when the high-status executive is a racial minority or a woman but reduced when the prior benefactor is a racial minority or a woman. The final element of our theoretical framework examines the social consequences of perceived under-reciprocation for corporate leaders. We suggest that the high-status leaders’ access to strategic help is reduced, and they may become the target of social undermining that can damage their broader reputation. The findings support our social psychological perspective on social exchange in corporate leadership, revealing how and why executives who have ascended to high-status positions not only may encounter difficulty obtaining assistance from fellow leaders but also may experience adverse reversals in their social exchange ties such that managers who previously aided them engage in socially harmful behavior toward them. Collapse

Topics: organizational productivity decision making IT career societal evaluation criteria database system

Methods: survey regression analysis method qualitative interview data transformation archival research

The impact of legitimacy-based motives on IS adoption success: An institutional theory perspective

2016 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Krell, Katharina; Matook, Sabine; Rohde, Fiona

Abstract: Firms frequently adopt new information systems (IS). To better understand IS ado ... Expand

Abstract: Firms frequently adopt new information systems (IS). To better understand IS adoption, research has been focused on motives for an IS adoption. In this study, three legitimacy-based motives (coercive, mimetic, and normative pressure) are examined for their impact on two success determinants (i.e., project management approach and team competence) and the subsequent impact of the success determinants on IS adoption success. In a quantitative study of Australian firms, we found that coercive pressure and normative pressure influence the project management approach, whereas mimetic pressure influences team competence. Both the project management approach and team competence in turn influence IS adoption success. Collapse

Topics: technology adoption project management systems development life cycle IT manager anonymity

Methods: survey structural equation modeling partial least squares regression mediation analysis self reported survey

Theories: institutional theory

Making the Most of the Revolving Door: The Impact of Outward Personnel Mobility Networks on Organizational Creativity

2014 | Organization Science | Citations: 9

Authors: Godart, Frédéric C.; Shipilov, Andrew V.; Claes, Kim

Abstract: We examine the impact of key personnel’s loss to competition on their former emp ... Expand

Abstract: We examine the impact of key personnel’s loss to competition on their former employers’ creative performance. Using archival data on the career histories of designers and the creative performance of their fashion houses between 2000 and 2010, we find that a house’s outward centrality in the network of personnel mobility—resulting from personnel departures—has an inverted U-shaped relationship with the house’s creative performance. This relationship is moderated by the house’s inward centrality in a network of personnel mobility stemming from hiring competitors’ employees, the tenure of its creative directors, the accomplishments of these directors, and the house’s status. Our results suggest that organizations can enhance their creativity by relying on ideas obtained through relationships with their former employees long after these employees left to work for the competition. However, this effect is contingent upon characteristics of the organization that may be associated with its capacity to absorb these ideas and its ability to signal legitimacy of the resulting output to the external audiences. Collapse

Topics: IT career database system innovation management absorptive capacity organizational change

Methods: qualitative interview regression analysis method descriptive statistic robustness check archival research

The Impact of Dynamic Capabilities on Resource Access and Development

2013 | Organization Science | Citations: 3

Authors: Stadler, Christian; Helfat, Constance E.; Verona, Gianmario

Abstract: This study analyzes dynamic capabilities that support activities directed toward ... Expand

Abstract: This study analyzes dynamic capabilities that support activities directed toward accessing resources and further developing resources to make them commercially usable. We develop theory and empirically investigate the impact of dynamic capabilities on the amount and success of these activities and whether the impact of dynamic capabilities differs between the two types of activities. Using unique data from the upstream oil industry, we develop an objective measure of dynamic capability that is distinct from the outcomes of utilizing these capabilities. We find that firms with more sophisticated dynamic capabilities undertake greater amounts of activity to access resources and further develop them prior to commercial use; they also have greater success in these activities. Finally, these effects of dynamic capabilities are larger for activities directed toward initially accessing resources than those directed toward further developing them, which is consistent with the potential for firms to rely on knowledge gained through resource access activity when conducting subsequent activity to further develop resources. Collapse

Topics: offshoring onshoring mergers and acquisition financial performance research and development

Methods: statistical hypothesis test robustness check LexisNexis qualitative interview likelihood-ratio test

Theories: dynamic capabilities theory

How Golden Parachutes Unfolded: Diffusion and Variation of a Controversial Practice

2012 | Organization Science | Citations: 16

Authors: Fiss, Peer C.; Kennedy, Mark T.; Davis, Gerald F.

Abstract: We contribute to a growing focus on variation in diffusion processes by examinin ... Expand

Abstract: We contribute to a growing focus on variation in diffusion processes by examining the ways in which contested practices are modified as they spread among adopters. Expanding on prior diffusion accounts, we argue that the extensiveness and similarity of a practice will vary in response to both population- and organization-level mechanisms. To examine these issues, we study variation in “golden parachute” contracts, a controversial corporate governance practice that emerged and spread widely during the hostile takeover wave of the 1980s. Using a concept network approach to analyze the composition of parachute plans, we find evidence of mechanisms that both increase and decrease extensiveness and variation of golden parachutes. Our findings hold implications for accounts of practice diffusion over contested terrain by revealing substantial variation in the course of diffusion. Collapse

Topics: corporate governance database system missing data legal context social network

Methods: descriptive statistic literature sample theory development network analysis longitudinal research

Theories: institutional theory

Co-authorship networks in electronic markets research

2011 | Electronic Markets | Citations: 0

Authors: Fischbach, Kai; Putzke, Johannes; Schoder, Detlef

Abstract: This article examines co-authorship networks of researchers publishing in Electr ... Expand

Abstract: This article examines co-authorship networks of researchers publishing in Electronic Markets—The International Journal of Networked Business (EM). The authors visualize the co-authorship network and provide descriptive statistics regarding the degree to which researchers are embedded in the co-authorship network. They develop and test seven hypotheses associating the researchers’ embeddedness in the co-authorship network with the number of the researchers’ citations. Results indicate that author who publish co-authored articles in EM have their EM articles (whether co-authored or not) cited more frequently than those who publish EM articles only in their own names, and that the more they co-author the more they are cited because they are located in the center of a co-authorship network. Collapse

Topics: electronic market web page database system social network

Methods: co-authorship network cluster analysis bibliometric analysis computational algorithm descriptive statistic

Sponsorship and IT vendor management of projects

2010 | Journal of Information Technology | Citations: 3

Authors: Liu, Li; Yetton, Philip

Abstract: Project sponsorship is assumed to be critical to the success of information syst ... Expand

Abstract: Project sponsorship is assumed to be critical to the success of information systems development and implementation. However, there is limited research on the effect of vendor-based sponsorship on the management of information technology (IT) projects. This paper contributes to that emerging body of evidence. Drawing on literature on psychological contract, management control and project sponsorship, the authors propose that vendor-based sponsors influence project performance in two main ways. One is to protect project quality by renegotiating contract with the client; and the other is to resource the project. Based on a survey of senior managers in IT services vendor organisations, it reports that project sponsorship improves the quality, but not the cost or timeliness, of vendor delivery of IT projects. The findings suggest that IT services vendors can improve their project delivery capability by appointing project sponsors. Collapse

Topics: project productivity project management IT project decision making database system

Methods: survey statistical hypothesis test descriptive statistic Marquis Who's Who literature study

Theories: control theory

Sponsorship and IT vendor management of projects

2009 | Journal of Information Technology | Citations: 0

Authors: Liu, Li; Yetton, Philip

Abstract: Project sponsorship is assumed to be critical to the success of information syst ... Expand

Abstract: Project sponsorship is assumed to be critical to the success of information systems development and implementation. However, there is limited research on the effect of vendor-based sponsorship on the management of information technology (IT) projects. This paper contributes to that emerging body of evidence. Drawing on literature on psychological contract, management control and project sponsorship, the authors propose that vendor-based sponsors influence project performance in two main ways. One is to protect project quality by renegotiating contract with the client; and the other is to resource the project. Based on a survey of senior managers in IT services vendor organisations, it reports that project sponsorship improves the quality, but not the cost or timeliness, of vendor delivery of IT projects. The findings suggest that IT services vendors can improve their project delivery capability by appointing project sponsors. Collapse

Topics: project productivity project management IT project decision making database system

Methods: survey statistical hypothesis test descriptive statistic Marquis Who's Who literature study

Theories: control theory

Human Agents: Contexts, and Institutional Change: The Decline of Family in the Leadership of Business Groups

2008 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Chi-Nien Chung; Xiaowei Luo

Abstract: This study examines the interaction between change-minded human agents and envir ... Expand

Abstract: This study examines the interaction between change-minded human agents and environmental and organizational contingencies to understand contested change in highly institutionalized practices. We propose a theory of how individuals, including those who are structurally highly embedded, can become change agents when confronted with amplified institutional contradictions. Using the empirical example of family presence in the leadership of Taiwanese business groups, we argue that despite the structural constraints on second-generation key leaders, these leaders are more likely to actualize their motivation to reduce family presence in the contexts of market-oriented transition and highly diversified business groups, and that key leaders with a management education from the United States are more likely to deviate from this institutionalized practice than are non-U.S.-educated key leaders, because they can transport ideas from different business models. A longitudinal analysis of the top 100 business groups in Taiwan between 1977 and 1998 largely supports our arguments. This study contributes to recent endeavors to understand antecedents to institutional change with an explicit focus on the interplay between agency and context, and to business-group research by examining the change of one foundational feature of the group form. Collapse

Topics: team productivity business model organizational context social network accounting

Methods: theory development descriptive statistic sensitivity analysis Chow test robustness check

Theories: big five model

The Impact of CEO Status Diffusion on the Economic Outcomes of Other Senior Managers

2008 | Organization Science | Citations: 28

Authors: Graffin, Scott D.; Wade, James B.; Porac, Joseph F.; McNamee, Robert C.

Abstract: In this paper we develop and test predictions regarding the impact of CEO status ... Expand

Abstract: In this paper we develop and test predictions regarding the impact of CEO status on the economic outcomes of top management team members. Using a unique data set incorporating Financial World's widely publicized CEO of the Year contest, we found that non-CEO top management team members received higher pay when they worked for a high-status CEO. However, star CEOs themselves retained most of the compensation benefits. We also show that there is a "burden of celebrity" in that the above relationships were contingent on how well a firm performs. Last, we found that, when compared with the subordinates of less-celebrated CEOs, members of top management teams who worked for star CEOs were more likely to become CEOs themselves through internal or external promotions. Collapse

Topics: organizational productivity accounting database system IT career missing data

Methods: regression analysis method statistical hypothesis test longitudinal research descriptive statistic Marquis Who's Who