Global Leaders for Global Teams: Leaders with Multicultural Experiences Communicate and Lead More Effectively, Especially in Multinational Teams

2022 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Lu, Jackson G.; Swaab, Roderick I.; Galinsky, Adam D.

Abstract: In an era of globalization, it is commonly assumed that multicultural experience ... Expand

Abstract: In an era of globalization, it is commonly assumed that multicultural experiences foster leadership effectiveness. However, little research has systematically tested this assumption. We develop a theoretical perspective that articulates how and when multicultural experiences increase leadership effectiveness. We hypothesize that broad multicultural experiences increase individuals’ leadership effectiveness by developing their communication competence. Because communication competence is particularly important for leading teams that are more multinational, we further hypothesize that individuals with broader multicultural experiences are particularly effective when leading more versus less multinational teams. Four studies test our theory using mixed methods (field survey, archival panel, field experiments) and diverse populations (corporate managers, soccer managers, hackathon leaders) in different countries (Australia, Britain, China, America). In Study 1, corporate managers with broader multicultural experiences were rated as more effective leaders, an effect mediated by communication competence. Analyzing a 25-year archival panel of English Premier League soccer managers, Study 2 replicates the positive effect of broad multicultural experiences using a team performance measure of leadership effectiveness. Importantly, this effect was moderated by team national diversity: soccer managers with broader multicultural experiences were particularly effective when leading teams with greater national diversity. Study 3 (digital health hackathon) and Study 4 (COVID-19 policy hackathon) replicate these effects in two field experiments, in which individuals with varying levels of multicultural experiences were randomly assigned to lead hackathon teams that naturally varied in national diversity. Overall, our research suggests that broad multicultural experiences help leaders communicate more competently and lead more effectively, especially when leading multinational teams. Collapse

Topics: team productivity website health information system ELT accounting

Methods: survey field experiment instrumental variables estimation descriptive statistic experiment

Theories: experiential learning theory big five model resource based view of the firm

The Impact of Social Networking Sites Use on Health-Related Outcomes Among UK Adolescents

2020 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Serenko, Alexander; Turel, Ofir; Siddiqui, Hafsa

Abstract: This study explores the impact of social networking site (SNS) use on health ou ... Expand

Abstract: This study explores the impact of social networking site (SNS) use on health outcomes in adolescents. By using data from the 2015-16 sweep of the Millennium Cohort Study, SNS use and its effects on sleep duration, healthy eating (fruits/vegetables intake, eating breakfast), and self-rated health was evaluated in 11,884 adolescents (13-17 year-old). SNS use was found to be negatively associated with general health through decreased sleep duration and reduced healthy eating. Females have a higher risk of being negatively affected by the extent of their SNS use, compared to males. IS developers and SNS providers should allow easier tracking and monitoring of the use of their systems, as well as offer time management features, as unchecked use can lead to adverse health outcomes. Policymakers should consider public health interventions to address balancing SNS use with healthy behaviors, and shifting school start times to allow adolescents to have later wake times. Collapse

Topics: social network

Methods: longitudinal research descriptive statistic self reported survey multivariate analysis of variance

Theories: social ecological theory

Advanced turbidity prediction for operational water supply planning

2019 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Stevenson, Matthew; Bravo, Cristián

Abstract: Turbidity is an optical quality of water caused by suspended solids that give th ... Expand

Abstract: Turbidity is an optical quality of water caused by suspended solids that give the appearance of ‘cloudiness'. While turbidity itself does not directly present a hazard to human health, it can be an indication of poor water quality and mask the presence of parasites such as Cryptosporidium. It is, therefore, a recommendation of the World Health Organisation (WHO) that turbidity should not exceed a level of 1 Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTU) before chlorination. For a drinking water supplier, turbidity peaks can be highly disruptive requiring the temporary shutdown of a water treatment works. Such events must be carefully managed to ensure continued supply; to recover the supply deficit, water stores must be depleted or alternative works utilised. Machine learning techniques have been shown to be effective for the modelling of complex environmental systems, often used to help shape environmental policy. We contribute to the literature by adopting such techniques for operational purposes, developing a decision support tool that predicts >1 NTU turbidity events up to seven days in advance allowing water supply managers to make proactive interventions. We apply a Generalised Linear Model (GLM) and a Random Forest (RF) model for the prediction of >1 NTU events. AUROC scores of over 0.80 at five of six sites suggest that machine learning techniques are suitable for predicting turbidity peaking events. Furthermore, we find that the RF model can provide a modest performance boost due to its stronger capacity to capture nonlinear interactions in the data. Collapse

Topics: decision support system missing data operational information system online learning system individual characteristic

Methods: machine learning correlation analysis longitudinal research random forest classification descriptive statistic

Evaluating an Emergency Management Decision Support System with Practitioner-Driven Scenarios: Action Design Research

2018 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Neville, Karen; O'Riordan, Sheila; Pope, Andrew

Abstract: Evaluating an IT artifact is essential in design science, as it serves to valida ... Expand

Abstract: Evaluating an IT artifact is essential in design science, as it serves to validate that a solution has achieved the purpose for which it was designed. This paper presents the evaluation of an emergency management (EM) decision support system (DSS). The DSS addresses the informational needs of strategic-level decision makers in the event of large-scale disasters. Disasters, by their very nature, are complex and unpredictable, require emergency responders to make rapid high risk decisions with the potential for life threatening and economically devastating results. This study details a phased evaluation using three scenarios: (1) Biological Hazard Response, (2) Cross-Border Chemical Explosion and Bio-Hazard, and (3) Regional and Interregional Mass Flooding. The mixed method evaluation elicited participant feedback to test usability and utility, guided by action design research. To ensure parity between scenarios, an existing EM framework informed scenario design with the unique addition of the DSS to support end-user processes. Collapse

Topics: decision support system usability systems design systems evaluation systems development

Methods: survey design science participant observation focus group design artifact testing

Theories: technology acceptance model

Oppositional Identities and Resource Partitioning: Distillery Ownership in Scotch Whisky, 1826–2009

2014 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: McKendrick, David G.; Hannan, Michael T.

Abstract: We build on recent theory and research on the role of categories in resource par ... Expand

Abstract: We build on recent theory and research on the role of categories in resource partitioning. We analyze Scotch whisky making between 1826 and 2009—a case that seemed initially to fail to conform to the pattern of the beer industry now treated as prototypical. On close examination (both qualitative and quantitative), we find that high concentration in the center of the market is not sufficient to generate a partition. Rather, we see a long delay between the heightening of concentration in the industry and the emergence of a cluster of peripheral producers that claim an identity in opposition to the dominant generalists. We explain the source of the delay as a function of the nature of the audience, which until recently did not regard conglomerate or foreign ownership of distilleries as an impediment to producing authentic whisky. Only when critics started to question how ownership of distilleries related to authenticity did the revival of the traditional form of ownership begin to occur. By analyzing entries of focused firms in the recent period, we find that widespread ownership of distilleries of diversified corporations (but not foreign ownership) supported the formation of more traditional types of whisky distillers. But endurance of identity-based resource partitioning might require development of a collective identity and collective strategy by producers. In the case we studied, each focused producer has an idiosyncratic identity, which may be insufficient to cause audiences to agree on a code that excludes the mainstream producers from membership in the new category and thereby maintain a partitioned market. Collapse

Topics: armed conflict website

Methods: Poisson regression archival research

Engaging suppliers in CRM: The role of justice in buyer–supplier relationships

2013 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Duffy, Rachel; Fearne, Andrew; Hornibrook, Sue; Hutchinson, Karise; Reid, Andrea

Abstract: a b s t r a c tGiven the crucial role of suppliers in collaborative supply chai ... Expand

Abstract: a b s t r a c tGiven the crucial role of suppliers in collaborative supply chains, it is surprising that little attention has been paid to the nature and management of supplier relationships in the implementation of a retailer's Customer Relationship Management (CRM) strategy. To address this gap in the extant literature, the theory of organizational justice is used to explore the extent to which perceived fairness in buyer-supplier relationships supports or inhibits supplier engagement with the CRM process. The rationale is that suppliers who feel fairly treated by key retail customers are more likely to invest resources in the acquisition and use of data central to the retailer's CRM strategy. By empirically testing a conceptual model linking downstream CRM to upstream SRM, the results provide evidence to indicate that customer data use is significantly influenced by perceptions of fairness, particularly with respect to the distribution of rewards, and the transparency of decision-making processes. As a key criticism of CRM centers upon the failure of organizations to exploit the full potential of customer data, the results highlight the usefulness of understanding the relational linkages between buyers and suppliers and the consequential behavior of suppliers in terms of engagement with customer data vital to the success of retailers' CRM strategies. Collapse

Topics: decision making interorganizational relationship digital innovation

Methods: data transformation factor analysis scale reliability conceptual modelling survey

Theories: distributive justice theory procedural justice theory

Repurchase intention in B2C e-commerce—A relationship quality perspective

2011 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Zhang, Yixiang; Fang, Yulin; Wei, Kwok-Kee; Ramsey, Elaine; McCole, Patrick; Chen, Huaping

Abstract: Information systems professionals must pay attention to online customer retentio ... Expand

Abstract: Information systems professionals must pay attention to online customer retention. Drawing on the relationship marketing literature, we formulated and tested a model to explain B2C user repurchase intention from the perspective of relationship quality. The model was empirically tested through a survey conducted in Northern Ireland. Results showed that online relationship quality and perceived website usability positively impacted customer repurchase intention. Moreover, online relationship quality was positively influenced by perceived vendor expertise in order fulfillment, perceived vendor reputation, and perceived website usability, whereas distrust in vendor behavior negatively influenced online relationship quality. Implications of these findings are discussed. Collapse

Topics: website usability marketing management business-to-consumer electronic commerce

Methods: survey partial least squares regression statistical hypothesis test data transformation PLS tool

Theories: marketing theory

Understanding online customer repurchasing intention and the mediating role of trust – an empirical investigation in two developed countries

2009 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Qureshi, Israr; Fang, Yulin; Ramsey, Elaine; McCole, Patrick; Ibbotson, Patrick; Compeau, Deborah

Abstract: Although e-commerce adoption and customers’ initial purchasing behavior have bee ... Expand

Abstract: Although e-commerce adoption and customers’ initial purchasing behavior have been well studied in the literature, repeat purchase intention and its antecedents remain understudied. This study proposes a model to understand the extent to which trust mediates the effects of vendor-specific factors on customers’ intention to repurchase from an online vendor. The model was tested and validated in two different country settings. We found that trust fully mediates the relationships between perceived reputation, perceived capability of order fulfillment, and repurchasing intention, and partially mediates the relationship between perceived website quality and repurchasing intention in both countries. Moreover, multi-group analysis reveals no significant between-country differences of the model with regards to the antecedents and outcomes of trust, except the effect of reputation on trust. Academic and practical implications and future research are discussed. Collapse

Topics: website internet technology electronic commerce ease of use privacy

Methods: survey data transformation factor analysis structural equation modeling SEM tool

Action in context and context in action: Modelling complexity in multimedia systems development

2009 | Journal of Information Technology | Citations: 0

Authors: Webb, Brian; Gallagher, Seamus

Abstract: Whereas multimedia systems development (MSD) is inherently complex, and increasi ... Expand

Abstract: Whereas multimedia systems development (MSD) is inherently complex, and increasingly so, little is known about how multimedia designers manage or cope with this complexity. In particular, little is known about complexity beyond technical and process levels, and how such complexity impacts design activity. In this paper we construct a model of MSD based on the formulation of the broader concept of context complexity. This concept, which subsumes but also transcends technical and process complexity, is used to explain design strategies and their consequences. We identify four design contexts that explain, and are also explained by, complexity. These contexts map out the ‘landscape for action' over which design activity takes place. They shape the design environment and the responses taken to it. We use a grounded theory approach to study what designers actually do (as opposed to theorising what they should do). We argue that a better understanding of context determined and context determining strategies better informs interventions aimed at improving MSD design practice. Our main conclusion is that interventions should be directed to those situations where there is a mismatch between the level of complexity in the design context and the level of complexity in the design strategy taken in response to that context. We call these situations ‘breakdown’ contexts and examine their causes and consequences in greater detail. Our claimed contribution is to broaden the concept of design breakdowns through a specific understanding of the role and impact of (context) complexity in MSD. Collapse

Topics: decision making systems development systems design technological change problem solving

Methods: qualitative interview grounded theory theory development design theory triangulation

Theories: theory of problem solving

The Impact of Strategic Assets on Financial Performance and on Internet Performance

2006 | Electronic Markets | Citations: 1

Authors: Schlemmer, Frank; Webb, Brian

Abstract: Whereas the resource‐based view (RBV) of the firm is the dominant theory in stra ... Expand

Abstract: Whereas the resource‐based view (RBV) of the firm is the dominant theory in strategic management research, it has hardly been applied to e‐Business. This paper aims at identifying key performance drivers for small and medium‐sized companies that sell online (e‐SMEs), by empirically examining the impact of resources and capabilities on financial performance and on Internet performance. Regression results of 106 companies showed that resources and capabilities differ in their impact on financial and on Internet performance. Business resources are important predictors of both financial performance and Internet performance. However, dynamic capabilities only affect financial performance (and not Internet performance), and IT resources only drive Internet performance (and not financial performance). The findings have implications for both researchers and practitioners. For researchers the results imply that the choice of the dependent variable can change the main conclusions of a study and, therefore, has to be conducted carefully. For managers of e‐SMEs the main conclusion is that dynamic capabilities do not drive Internet performance. Collapse

Topics: IT productivity financial performance internet technology electronic business database system

Methods: survey regression analysis method multiple regression cross sectional research scale reliability

Theories: dynamic capabilities theory resource based view of the firm