Design Theory for Societal Digital Transformation: The Case of Digital Global Health

2023 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Braa, Jørn; Sahay, Sundeep; Monteiro, Eric

Abstract: With societal challenges, including but not limited to human development, equit ... Expand

Abstract: With societal challenges, including but not limited to human development, equity, social justice, and climate change, societal-level digital transformation (SDT) is of imminent relevance and theoretical interest. While building on local-level efforts, societal-level transformation is a nonlinear extension of the local level. Unfortunately, academic discourse on digital transformation has largely left SDT unaccounted for. Drawing on more than 25 years of intensive, interventionist research engagement with the digital transformation of public healthcare information management and delivery in more than 80 countries in the Global South, we contribute to theorizing SDT in the form of a design theory consisting of six interconnected design principles. These design principles articulate the interplay and tensions of accommodating over time increased diversity and flexibility in digital solutions, while simultaneously connecting local, national, and regional/ global efforts. inception in three townships in post-apartheid South Africa, different versions and configurations of the DHIS have been adopted by more than 80 countriesincluding all but two African countries south of the Sahara, Norway, and other "developed" countriesthrough the efforts of universities, ministries of health, international organizations, funding, and various other agencies. Its ambition highlights the concerns of equity, inclusiveness, and ideology-that is, making design "that matters" (Bødker & Kyng, 2018) for society.According to Markus and Rowe (2021), the study of SDT to date remains underresearched (cf. also Vial, 2019), despite its tremendous significance in the different facets of social life globally. This mirrors the general critique that Jørn Braa is a professor at the University of Oslo, Norway, where he has spent much of his professional career initiating, cultivating, and promoting interventionist research on and around the DHIS2/ HISP efforts. He is the "father" of the project. His work has been published in outlets including the MIS Quarterly, The Information Society, Information Technology for Development, and in books.Sundeep Sahay is a professor at the University of Oslo, Norway and for the last couple of decades has been engaged in the DHIS2/ HISP project, with a main focus on Asia in general and India in particular. His work has been published in outlets including MIS Quarterly, Information and Organization, Information Systems Research, and in books.Eric Monteiro is a professor at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and an adjunct professor at the University of Oslo. He has a long-term, low-intensity engagement with DHIS2/ HISP spanning more than two decades. His work has been published in outlets including MIS Quarterly, European Journal of Information Systems, Journal of the Association for Information Systems, and a recent book. Collapse

Topics: public good digital transformation digital innovation information management health information system

Methods: design theory synthesis theory development theoretical contribution longitudinal research

Quality is more important than quantity: Social presence and workplace ergonomics control predict perceived remote work performance

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Conrad, C.; Klesel, M.; Oschinsky, F.; Mayhew, K.; O'Neil, K.; Usai, F.

Abstract: The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a widespread disruption to the way that we wor ... Expand

Abstract: The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a widespread disruption to the way that we work. One of its lasting consequences will be the ubiquity of remote work. The effective use of collaboration tools is therefore a critical factor for information systems (IS) research when design the workplaces of the future. We theorize that social presence and workplace ergonomics control are important predictors of perceived performance. Moreover, we investigate how different factors (i.e., collaboration tool efficacy, mode of work, and number of meetings) influence social presence. Using survey data (N = 389), we provide evidence that workplace ergonomics control and social presence are indeed important for perceived performance. Surprisingly, we observe that only collaborative platform efficacy has a significant impact on social presence, and that neither the number of meetings nor the modality were significant factors. Based upon these results, we derive implications for theory and practice. Collapse

Topics: social presence IT supported collaboration usability ergonomics remote work

Methods: survey structural equation modeling theory development chi squared test SEM tool

Emergent Cultural Contradictions from Overlapping Cultural Levels in Information Systems Development

2023 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Geeling, Sharon; Brown, Irwin; Weimann, Peter

Abstract: Research exploring the cultural influence on information system development (IS ... Expand

Abstract: Research exploring the cultural influence on information system development (ISD) projects tends to focus on a single level of influence (e.g., organizational culture) or cultural incompatibility between one or two cultural levels that are assumed to be discretely separate and static (e.g., national and organizational culture). In contrast, our research conceptualizes culture as dynamic and emergent, with varying levels of overlapping cultures that occur simultaneously in ISD projects (e.g., organizational and occupational culture overlaps). The case study method is used to examine two strategic projects in a single organization in South Africa. The findings describe how the overlap of different cultural levels gives rise to cultural contradictions in ISD projects. Understanding the relevance of the multiple cultures that exist in ISD projects offers further opportunity for refining explanations of cultural contradictions. Cultural contradictions that emerge from cultural overlaps during ISD are conceptualized as five distinct types: Vision Contradictions, Priority Contradictions, Process Contradictions, Role Contradictions, and Technology Contradictions. Despite variation in the context of each project, there is a similarity in the nature and effect of emergent cultural contradictions. The paper concludes with suggestions for addressing cultural contradictions in and influences on ISD projects. 1 We use the term 'contradiction' rather than 'paradox' in this paper as it more accurately reflects the spirit of the situation in our conceptualization -a cultural belief or understanding that "denies the truth or correctness of another" (Oxford University Press, n.d.). Paradox, in contrast, is more indicative of a self-contradictory statement that may nevertheless prove to be true (Oxford University Press, n.d.). 934 Emergent Cultural Contradictions from Overlapping Cultural Levels During Information Systems Development Volume 52 10.17705/1CAIS.05244 Paper 44 (Ramesh et al., 2017). Additionally, as effective leadership requires cultural understanding (Schein, 2010), we argue that a deeper understanding of cultural contradictions can assist leaders of ISD projects to identify appropriate interventions and craft positive outcomes from the cultural diversity present in ISD project teams.Our study, therefore, resulted in the pursuit of the following two objectives: (a) to develop a conceptual model for analyzing culturally induced contradictions experienced during an ISD project, and (b) to reveal the relationship between level-specific cultural influences and emergent cultural contradictions in ISD projects. The primary research question answered was:RQ1: What types of cultural contradictions influencing social interaction in ISD teams emerge at overlapping levels of culture in ISD projects?Emergent Cultural Contradictions from Overlapping Cultural Levels During Information Systems Development Volume 52 Collapse

Topics: organizational culture project management organizational value systems development pseudonymity

Methods: qualitative interview conceptual modelling case study constant comparative analysis personal interview

Measuring the Big Data Readiness of Developing Countries – Index Development and its Application to Africa

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Joubert, Anke; Murawski, Matthias; Bick, Markus

Abstract: The use of big data promises to drive economic growth and development and can th ... Expand

Abstract: The use of big data promises to drive economic growth and development and can therefore be a value-adding factor, but compared to private or public organisations, the country level is rarely investigated, and that is even more evident for developing countries. Another topic hardly ever considered in the big data research field is ‘big data readiness’, which means the level of preparation and willingness to exploit big data. We address these shortcomings in the literature and focus on the big data readiness of developing countries. Thus, the first research question is: what components are required for an index measuring big data readiness, and how can such an index be designed? We use a design science approach to develop the “Big Data Readiness Index” (BDRI), which is then applied to all African countries to answer our second research question: how do African countries perform in terms of the BDRI? Our analysis yields country rankings that show relatively high BDRI scores for coastal countries, such as South Africa, Kenya and Namibia, and for islands, such as Mauritius. Related implications for both research and policy are discussed. Collapse

Topics: big data missing data open data research and development telephone

Methods: design science cluster analysis hierarchical clustering literature study design process

Factors for Fractional CIO engagement success

2023 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Kratzer, Simon; Westner, Markus; Strahringer, Susanne

Abstract: As small- to medium-sized enterprises struggle with IT management, an increasing ... Expand

Abstract: As small- to medium-sized enterprises struggle with IT management, an increasing number appoint Fractional CIOs, i.e., CIOs that work part-time for multiple organizations simultaneously. We use Q-methodology to empirically evaluate the relative importance of factors for Fractional CIO engagement success and find that trust, top management team support, and the Fractional CIO’s integrity are most important. Further, we identify three groups of Fractional CIOs: Strategic IT Advisors, Full-ownership CIOs, and Change Agents. Our results guide organizations when hiring and working with Fractional CIOs and provide the basis for further research on Fractional CIO archetypes. Collapse

Topics: Chief Information Officer IT investment individual characteristic electronic mail LinkedIn

Methods: Q methodology qualitative interview descriptive statistic survey personal interview

Theories: transaction cost economics dynamic capabilities theory stewardship theory information systems theory

Examining the Relationship between National Cybersecurity Commitment, Culture, and Digital Payment Usage: An Institutional Trust Theory Perspective

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 1

Authors: Krishna, Ben; Krishnan, Satish; Sebastian, M. P.

Abstract: Cyberattacks can be considered one of the fundamental challenges that paralyze t ... Expand

Abstract: Cyberattacks can be considered one of the fundamental challenges that paralyze the progress of digital payment usage (DPU) progress among citizens, as consumers shun away from using digital banking services due to increased concern over information security. National Cybersecurity Commitment (NCSC) has emerged as a preventive cybersecurity mechanism for countries to tackle such cybersecurity threats. Previous studies have shown that a country's NCSC positively impacts the business and economy of the country. This study examines the effect of NCSC on digital payment usage (DPU) across nations by grounding our discussion on the institutional trust theory. As trusting belief in security measures is a culturally embedded characteristic, we also examine the moderating role of national culture through Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. We use multilevel models to analyze publicly available archives of repeated cross-sectional data covering 76 countries to test the proposed relationships. Our findings indicate that NCSC has a positive influence on DPU. Further, our results highlight that the relationship between NCSC and DPU in a country is contingent on cultural dimensions. Overall, the evidence suggests that a competent cybersecurity environment compatible with cultural values can influence the speedy diffusion of digital payments in a country. Implications of our findings for research and practice are also discussed. Collapse

Topics: IT security internet technology national culture electronic finance information system use

Methods: longitudinal research hierarchical linear modeling cross sectional research archival research time series analysis

Theories: trust theory cultural dimensions theory contingency theory theory of economic growth

“My Precious!”: A Values-Affordances Perspective on the Adoption of Bitcoin

2023 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Lichti, Constantin; Tumasjan, Andranik

Abstract: Given the growing pervasiveness of information systems (IS) in everyday life, r ... Expand

Abstract: Given the growing pervasiveness of information systems (IS) in everyday life, recent research has acknowledged that IS technologies are often not value free but are instead infused with fundamental personal values. However, little is known about how such values explain why people assimilate these technologies and their affordances. In the intriguing case of Bitcoin, personal values-especially libertarian political values-played an essential role in clarifying the ideological underpinnings of Bitcoin and its early adoption. Consequently, we draw on research on personal values and affordance theory to develop and test a model explicating how these personal values guide individuals toward using IS applications with salient affordances that address their values. Specifically, we hypothesize and test how individuals' personal values (i.e., libertarian political values) influence their attitudes toward Bitcoin affordances and their Bitcoin use behavior using data from a multiple administration survey of 236 users and nonusers of Bitcoin. Our results indicate that libertarian political values affect individuals' attitudes toward Bitcoin affordances, which in turn mediate the effects of these values on actual Bitcoin use. Our findings advance the field by demonstrating the importance of integrating values into the conceptualization of IS technology affordances. Collapse

Topics: Bitcoin affordance blockchain information system use user experience

Methods: theory development survey design artifact data transformation post-hoc analysis

Theories: theory of affordance sociomaterialism theory socio technical theory

Guiding the Development of Interoperable Health Information Systems: A Conceptual IT Governance Framework

2023 | DESRIST | Citations: 0

Authors: Matshaba, Lebogang; Nxozi, Monelo; Herselman, Marlien

Abstract: In the midst of dynamic healthcare needs, health information systems’ lack of in ... Expand

Abstract: In the midst of dynamic healthcare needs, health information systems’ lack of interoperability continues to hinder the health sector’s ability to provide healthcare services. For instance, the recent COVID-19 epidemic has sparked discussion about the health department’s ability to meet healthcare needs and the readiness of the National Health Insurance initiative in South Africa. Moreover, operating in resource-constrained circumstances presents a further obstacle and raises questions as to whether quality healthcare services can be delivered to patients. Following the Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM) process, this paper developed an IT governance conceptual framework, termed the HISIG-CF, to inform the interoperability of health information systems. The HISIG-CF was developed using literature and insights garnered from qualitative data using expert reviews from practitioners in the healthcare industry. The results indicated a need for more guidance to inform interoperability interventions and strengthen current health information systems through the use of well-defined IT Governance frameworks and mechanisms. Furthermore, the HISIG-CF was deemed adequate to improve health information systems interoperability within the healthcare sector in the North West, with prospects for usage across South Africa. Collapse

Topics: health information system IT governance COBIT

Methods: design science structured literature research literature study qualitative content analysis design artifact

Theories: institutional theory

Socially responsible design science in information systems for sustainable development: a critical research methodology

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Monson, Mike

Abstract: This study presents an Information Systems (IS) research methodology for the con ... Expand

Abstract: This study presents an Information Systems (IS) research methodology for the conduct of critical research into sustainable development that encompasses the objectives of socially inclusive and environmentally sustainable economic growth. The specific context is the application of critical research in the problem definition phase of IS Design Science Research for sustainable development. The paper guides IS research through problem scenarios of unsustainable development where power can distort truth and corrupt the public discourse in the furtherance of their ambitions. The methodology provides a structured approach to engage in inquiry of topics which are by their nature, deceptive and opaque. The methodology enables research inquiry encompassing societal topics, macro-social issues related to sustainable development and the application of nomothetic inquiry to address systemic problems. The paper concludes with illustrative examples of outcomes from the application of the prescribed methodology. The study provides an IS response to systemic social and environmental challenges by identifying the routes to transformation which in turn inform the design of IS solutions. Consequently, the study lays a foundation for IS engagement in socially responsible design science research. Collapse

Topics: legal context IS discipline innovation management digital media organizational context

Methods: design science design theory survey cross sectional research archival research

Theories: social sciences theory information systems theory theory of economic growth

Does Culture Matter for the Design of Chatbots Promoting Blood Donation Behaviour? - The Difference in Perception of Culture-Tailored Conversation Styles

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Müller, Helena; Pietrantoni, Nico; Reuter-Oppermann, Melanie; Greulich, Stefan

Abstract: While blood products are a critical resource in healthcare systems, providing s ... Expand

Abstract: While blood products are a critical resource in healthcare systems, providing sufficient blood products is a worldwide challenge, especially so since the COVID-19 pandemic. As easy and timely access to information is crucial to convince (potential) donors to change their behaviour and become regular donors, chatbots can offer fast and easy access to information whenever (potential) donors need it. Due to their human-like design, chatbots can help motivating and convincing users to donate blood regularly to work against the ongoing, post-pandemic challenges in providing sufficient blood supply. Based on previous findings, we assume that users' perception of a blood donation chatbot can vary worldwide, in relation to the incorporated design features. As part of a design science study, we conducted an online between-subject experiment with participants from USA, Germany, South Africa and India. We could show a significant negative moderating effect of horizontal individualism in terms of the chatbot's individualistic conversation style and the perceived similarity in social group membership, implicating the so-called "contribution conflict" with regard to IS and culture. Collapse

Topics: mobile application usability human computer interaction website design tablet

Methods: chatbot design science experiment cross sectional research between subject experiment

Theories: social identity theory theory of planned behavior cultural dimensions theory