Human versus automated agents: how user preferences affect future mobility systems

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Ahadi, Ramin; Taudien, Anna; Ketter, Wolfgang

Abstract: Along with rapid advancements in digital, and physical technologies, shared aut ... Expand

Abstract: Along with rapid advancements in digital, and physical technologies, shared autonomous electric vehicles are forecasted to gradually complement and replace traditional human-based mobility systems. Information systems play a key role in such a deep socio-technical system to pave the path toward a more sustainable future. This study investigates a hybrid ride-hailing platform of automated and human-driven vehicles. Our focus lies on the demand side where we evaluate the influence of user behaviors on economic and environmental system performance. For this, we employ a data-driven agent-based simulation modeling heterogeneous vehicle and user agents calibrated by rental data of a leading vehicle-sharing company. Our findings declare that diverse customer responses to the introduction of shared autonomous electric vehicles yield significantly differing fleet performance and ecological costs. We also observe that the status quo customer communication design of ride-hailing platforms needs adjustments to maximize the potentials of future hybrid shared mobility systems. Collapse

Topics: ride sharing platform user behavior service quality decision making artificial intelligence

Methods: simulation agent based simulation experiment literature study sensitivity analysis

Theories: technology acceptance model general systems theory

What Makes Digital Technology? A Categorization Based on Purpose

2023 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Baier, Marie-Sophie; Berger, Stephan; Kreuzer, Thomas; Oberländer, Anna; Röglinger, Maximilian

Abstract: Digital technology (DT) is creating and shaping today's world. Building on its ... Expand

Abstract: Digital technology (DT) is creating and shaping today's world. Building on its identity and history of technology research, the Information Systems discipline is at the forefront of understanding the nature of DT and related phenomena. Understanding the nature of DT requires understanding its purposes. Because of the growing number of DTs, these purposes are diversifying, and further examination is needed. To that end, we followed an organizational systematics paradigm and present a taxonomic theory for DT that enables its classification through its diverse purposes. The taxonomic theory comprises a multi-layer taxonomy of DT and purpose-related archetypes, which we inferred from a sample of 92 real-world DTs. In our empirical evaluation, we assessed the reliability, validity, and usefulness of the taxonomy and archetypes. The taxonomic theory exceeds existing technology classifications by being the first that (1) has been rigorously developed, (2) considers the nature of DT, (3) is sufficiently concrete to reflect the diverse purposes of DT, and (4) is sufficiently abstract to be persistent. Our findings add to the descriptive knowledge on DT, advance our understanding of the diverse purposes of DT, and lay the ground for further theorizing. Our work also supports practitioners in managing and designing DTs. Collapse

Topics: knowledge base perceived usefulness competitive advantage decision making technology adoption

Methods: cluster analysis theory development longitudinal data analysis focus group computational algorithm

Theories: information systems theory sociomaterialism theory

Pro or Con? Introducing AI Ethics Debates in an Undergraduate MIS Course

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Chen, Yu; Jensen, Scott; Roldan, Malu; Harper, Shannon

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming pervasive across industries, making it ... Expand

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming pervasive across industries, making it important for management information systems (MIS) students to understand the ethical issues involved. We present an active learning approach to teaching the fast-changing topic of AI ethics using a debate format. This approach was piloted in an undergraduate MIS course of 30 students. Over a five-week period, student teams were assigned to argue either the opportunities (pro) or dangers (con) viewpoint for five different AI technologies. A post-project survey indicated this format helps students gain a better understanding of the applications, opportunities, and potential misuse of AI. Students found this to be an engaging and fun way to explore the multiple dimensions of AI ethics that also required them to employ critical thinking, collaboration, research, and communication skills. We share our findings about the benefits of co-creating knowledge in the classroom using a debate format to explore an evolving topic. Collapse

Topics: responsible artificial intelligence artificial intelligence innovation management digital innovation robotic

Methods: survey personal interview image processing design methodology

Roadside Unit-based Unknown Object Detection in Adverse Weather Conditions for Smart Internet of Vehicles

2023 | ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Chen, Yu-Chia; Jhong, Sin-Ye; Hsia, Chih-Hsien

Abstract: For Internet of Vehicles applications, reliable autonomous driving systems usual ... Expand

Abstract: For Internet of Vehicles applications, reliable autonomous driving systems usually perform the majority of their computations on the cloud due to the limited computing power of edge devices. The communication delay between cloud platforms and edge devices, however, can cause dangerous consequences, particularly for latency-sensitive object detection tasks. Object detection tasks are also vulnerable to significantly degraded model performance caused by unknown objects, which creates unsafe driving conditions. To address these problems, this study develops an orchestrated system that allows real-time object detection and incrementally learns unknown objects in a complex and dynamic environment. A you-only-look-once–based object detection model in edge computing mode uses thermal images to detect objects accurately in poor lighting conditions. In addition, an attention mechanism improves the system’s performance without significantly increasing model complexity. An unknown object detector automatically classifies and labels unknown objects without direct supervision on edge devices, while a roadside unit (RSU)-based mechanism is developed to update classes and ensure a secure driving experience for autonomous vehicles. Moreover, the interactions between edge devices, RSU servers, and the cloud are designed to allow efficient collaboration. The experimental results indicate that the proposed system learns uncategorized objects dynamically and detects instances accurately. Collapse

Topics: cloud computing autonomous driving system database system internet technology internet of things

Methods: computational algorithm cluster analysis design artifact experiment artificial neural network

Illuminating Smart City Solutions – A Taxonomy and Clusters

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Jonas, Claudius; Schmitt, Kevin; Oberländer, Anna Maria; Ebel, Philipp

Abstract: With urban problems intensifying, Smart City solutions are recognized by resear ... Expand

Abstract: With urban problems intensifying, Smart City solutions are recognized by researchers and practitioners as one of the most promising solutions to make urban areas economically, environmentally, and socially sustainable. While many elements of Smart City solutions have been explored, existing works either treat Smart City solutions as technical black boxes or focus exclusively on Smart City solutions' technical or nontechnical characteristics. Therefore, to conceptualize the unique characteristics of Smart City solutions currently available, we developed a multi-layer taxonomy based on Smart City solution literature and a sample of 106 Smart City solutions. Moreover, we identified three clusters, each covering a typical combination of characteristics of Smart City solutions. We evaluated our findings by applying the Q-sort method. The results contribute to the descriptive knowledge of Smart City solutions as a first step for a theory for analyzing and enable researchers and practitioners to understand Smart City solutions more holistically. Collapse

Topics: smart city internet of things mobile system mobile application analytical information system

Methods: survey computational algorithm cluster analysis design process design methodology

Pathways for Digital Transformation: An Organizational Identity Perspective

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Keilbach, Anna; Hein, Andreas; Krcmar, Helmut

Abstract: In the rapidly evolving digital transformation (DT) landscape, understanding or ... Expand

Abstract: In the rapidly evolving digital transformation (DT) landscape, understanding organizational identity (OI) complexities becomes imperative. Leveraging a comparative analysis of AutoCorp and its spinoff, SoftCorp, this paper unfolds OI tensions in the context of DT. Despite advances in the literature on OI and DT, a gap exists in understanding how conflicting identities within a parent company and its spinoff can impact the organizations and the products they develop. We unearth that the dominant identity in AutoCorp, rooted in traditional manufacturing, creates tensions with the digital service-provider identity in SoftCorp. Additionally, we find that such separation may temporarily relieve internal tensions but introduce new challenges at the organizations' boundaries, affecting the digitized product. Our findings contribute to the theoretical discourse in OI and provide insights for companies undergoing DT. In our ongoing research project, we plan to develop an integrative framework reconciling these diverging identities for optimal digitized product development. Collapse

Topics: business process management change management systems development vehicular automation digital service

Methods: qualitative interview case study qualitative coding cross sectional research personal interview

Exploring the factors, affordances and constraints outlining the implementation of Artificial Intelligence in public sector organizations

2023 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Maragno, Giulia; Tangi, Luca; Gastaldi, Luca; Benedetti, Michele

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is viewed as having great potential for the public ... Expand

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is viewed as having great potential for the public sector to improve the management of internal activities and the delivery of public services. However, realizing its potential depends on the proper implementation of the technology, which is characterized by unique factors, that afford or constrain its use. What these factors are and how they affect AI implementation is still poorly understood, and scholars call for studies to add empirical evidence to the existing knowledge. This study relies on a case study methodology and, by adopting an abductive approach, applies a double theoretical perspective: the Technology-OrganizationEnvironment (TOE) framework and the Technology Affordances and Constraints Theory (TACT). Drawing on these combined lenses, we develop a conceptual framework that extends previous studies by showing how AI implementation is the result of a combination of contextual factors that are deeply interrelated and, specifically, how AI-related factors bring new affordances and constraints to the application domain. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence affordance government system video conference open source

Methods: qualitative interview case study theory development chatbot qualitative coding

Theories: theory of everything theory of affordance theory of abduction organizational theory

Leveraging synergy to drive digital transformation: A systems-theoretic perspective

2023 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Nguyen, Dinh Khoi; Broekhuizen, Thijs; Dong, John Qi; Verhoef, Peter C.

Abstract: Given the strategic importance of digital transformation, IS research pays metic ... Expand

Abstract: Given the strategic importance of digital transformation, IS research pays meticulous attention to identifying its key drivers, including awareness, motivation, and capability. Nevertheless, the interaction and synergy among these drivers remain conceptually and empirically understudied. Our study tries to address this research gap. We first consider digital proactiveness as awareness, change commitment as motivation, and organizational flexi­ bility as the capability driver of digital transformation. Drawing on systems theory, this study proposes the synergy of these three key drivers in steering digital transformation. Recent data from 206 Dutch firms support the existence of synergy, showing that digital proactiveness, change commitment, and organizational flexibility contribute jointly to digital transformation. Our analysis reveals that the effect of organizational flexibility on digital transformation is highest when digital proactiveness and change commitment are both at a high level. This study extends our understanding of the complementary and synergistic digital transformation drivers and broadens research in this tradition by considering the synergy of awareness, motivational, and capability drivers in driving digital transformation. Collapse

Topics: digital transformation organizational productivity innovation management research and development organizational value

Methods: survey partial least squares regression statistical hypothesis test descriptive statistic partial least squares path modeling

Theories: general systems theory

Introduction to the Minitrack on Dark Sides of Information Technology Use

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Qahri-Saremi, Hamed; Vaghefi, Isaac; Turel, Ofir

Abstract: As digital technology progresses at an increasing rate, making once-impossible ... Expand

Abstract: As digital technology progresses at an increasing rate, making once-impossible ideas, such as self-driving cars and metaverse, possible, we observe more and new instances and types of its negative (typically unintended) effects on the individual and collective users. Notwithstanding the significant benefits of digitalization for human society, the negative consequences of digitalization for users and societies are undeniable. From the spread of false information on digital platforms that endanger our health and disrupt elections and economies (Aral, 2020) to technology mediated dangerous behaviors Turel, 2021;Turel & Qahri-Saremi, 2016) and negative effects of digital technology on productivity and psychological wellbeing of users Vaghefi et al., 2020) are a few examples of such negative consequences. Therefore, identifying the dark sides of digitalization, their drivers, and investigating remedial interventions to improve them are equally valuable strides. This endeavor will guide us toward digitalization for good manifested in realizing digital technologies that can make the life truly better around the world.In pursuance of this goal, for the seventh consecutive year, this mini-track offers a forum for studies on the dark sides of digital technology. This year's mini-track comprises eight carefully selected, insightful papers that shed light on renewed and different aspects of the dark side of digital technology, and offer theoretical and practical insights for future.Two of the papers investigate the spread of false information. Suntwal and colleagues investigate the relationship between false news and presence of emojis via two studies. They find that tweets with emojis are more common in false news than true news, and that emojis are more popular with false news compared to true news. Moreover, they show how the functional usage (replace/emphasize) of emoji affects the spread of false information. In a similar vein, Syed and Shinde examine how false information related to COVID19 on social media exacerbates individuals' perceptions of health threats. Based on analyzing over 5000 fact-checked articles, they identify thirteen topics targeted by false information related to COVID19, with most of them targeting the perceived benefits of preventive actions, undermining the severity of the pandemic, and questioning the trustworthiness of official sources such as health agencies and research institutes communicating about the pandemic. Their findings have important implications for the efforts to nullify the false information.The third paper by Herrala and colleagues shed light on the ambivalent nature of personal finance management systems for young users. Via an interpretive study of qualitative data, they show that these systems emancipate young people by promoting agency (the freedom to act), while oppress them by hindering rationality (the freedom to think) due to stress. They offer remedial suggestions for the development and research on personal finance management systems to reduce their oppression and promote emancipation in young people. This study extends the growing body of works on ambivalence, which can emerge from the use of many IS, and highlights their positive effects and negative influences duality Turel et al., 2021;. On a related topic, the fourth paper by Schoch and colleagues investigate how gamification integrated into IS can improve the challenge appraisal and reduce threat appraisal of system demands for the users. It contributes to our growing knowledge base about techno-stress processes.The fifth and sixth papers shed light on two types of technology-mediated dangerous behaviors. Fang and colleagues shed light on "doxing", which is the public release of personal information with harmful intentions. Doxing is an emerging malicious online practice that is used in social protest movements, for personal revenge, as well as a means of cyber-warfare. In this paper, Fang and colleagues summarize the current state of knowledge based on a systematic review of 28 doxing papers and identify future directions for doxing research. They propose a series of research questions to guide the future research on the role of digital Collapse

Topics: virtual reality knowledge base autonomous driving system IT supported collaboration remote work

Artificial Intelligence-Driven Convergence and its Moderating Effect on Multi-Source Trust Transfer

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Renner, Maximilian; Lins, Sebastian; Söllner, Matthias; Jarvenpaa, Sirkka; Sunyaev, Ali

Abstract: AI-driven convergence describes how innovative products emerge from the interpla ... Expand

Abstract: AI-driven convergence describes how innovative products emerge from the interplay of embedded artificial intelligence (AI) in existing technologies. Trust transfer theory provides an excellent opportunity to deepen prevailing discussions about trust in such converged products. However, AI-driven convergence challenges existing theoretical assumptions. The context-specific interplay of multiple trust sources may affect users’ trust transfer and the predominance of trust sources. We contextualized AI-driven convergence and investigated its impact on multi-source trust transfer. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 25 participants in the context of autonomous vehicles. Our results indicate that users’ perceived trust source control, perceived trust source accessibility, and perceived trust source value creation share may moderate users’ trust transfer. We contribute to research by contextualizing convergence in AI, revealing the impact of AI-driven convergence on trust transfer and the importance of trust as a dynamic construct. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence value creation conversational agent perceived usefulness vehicular automation

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative coding personal interview experiment literature study