Beyond the Obvious – Towards a Creativity Support System using AI-driven Inspiration

2020 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Klein, Hans Christian; Oschinsky, Frederike Marie; Weber, Sebastian; Kordyaka, Bastian; Niehaves, Bjoern

Abstract: In our digital age creativity is important to all kind of organizations. In Inf ... Expand

Abstract: In our digital age creativity is important to all kind of organizations. In Information Systems (IS) research Creativity Support Systems (CSS) have a long history. However, findings are various and not overwhelming. In this emergent research forum-paper, we want to contribute to existing literature of CSS and cognitive science by using a design-oriented approach to develop a roadmap to a concept of a CSS using AI and different design variants and propose further steps on how to evaluate the derived design variants (i.e., continuum from highly realistic representations to abstract representation of visual stimuli). The kernel theory is based on the Cognitive Network Model (CNM) and the fixation literature. Our work shows how to build the CSS and how to evaluate the system in a two-step approach. The first part of the evaluation will be a qualitative ex ante evaluation in order to inform the subsequent post ante laboratory experiment. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence information system use application programming interface systems design electronic brainstorming

Methods: design artifact theory development kernel theory design science design principle

Theories: cognitive network model of creativity theory

Does one Creative Tool Fit All? Initial Evidence on Creativity Support Systems and Wikipedia-based Stimuli

2020 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Klein, Hans Christian; Weber, Sebastian; Schlechtinger, Michael; Oschinsky, Frederike Marie

Abstract: Creativity is important to all kind of organizations, because creative capacity ... Expand

Abstract: Creativity is important to all kind of organizations, because creative capacity can help tackle complex challenges and navigate through the ambiguity of wicked problems. In Information Systems (IS) research, this topic is addressed by studies on creativity support systems (CSS). One promising approach is to provide (context related-) stimuli to individuals in order to inspire new and useful ideas. The relatedness of a stimuli, which means the degree to which a stimulus is related to a topic (i.e., to the creative task), is a vital characteristic. We investigated in the relationship between Wikipedia-based searching results (computational relatedness) and individual cognition (individual relatedness). Our initial findings show that there can be differences between individuals based on demographic variables. We further suggest a laboratory experiment in order to contribute to a CSS that takes individual relatedness and thus custom-fit stimuli into account. Collapse

Topics: Wikipedia Apple iPhone IT skill knowledge representation systems design

Methods: parametric test two-way ANOVA experiment laboratory experiment longitudinal research

Theories: cognitive network model of creativity theory adaptive control of thought theory

Exploring Uncharted Territory: Knowledge Search Processes in the Origination of Outlier Innovation

2020 | Organization Science | Citations: 19

Authors: Kneeland, Madeline K.; Schilling, Melissa A.; Aharonson, Barak S.

Abstract: Most innovation builds closely on existing knowledge and technology, delivering ... Expand

Abstract: Most innovation builds closely on existing knowledge and technology, delivering incremental advances on existing ideas, products, and processes. Sometimes, however, inventors make discoveries that seem very distant from what is known and well understood. How do individuals and firms explore such uncharted technological terrain? This paper extends research on knowledge networks and innovation to propose three main processes of knowledge creation that are more likely to result in discoveries that are distant from existing inventions: long search paths, scientific reasoning, and distant recombination. We explore these processes with a combination of a large and unique data set on outlier patents filed at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and interviews with inventors of outlier patents. Our exploratory analysis suggests that there are significant differences in the inventor teams, assignees, and search processes that result in outlier patents. These results have important implications for managers who wish to encourage a more exploratory search for breakthrough innovation. Collapse

Topics: innovation management IT job database system knowledge creation accounting

Methods: qualitative interview descriptive statistic theory development experiment synthesis

Theories: cognitive network model of creativity theory

The Impact of User Interface Design on Idea Integration in Electronic Brainstorming: An Attention-Based View

2013 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Javadi, Elahe; Gebauer, Judith; Mahoney, Joseph

Abstract: This paper introduces an attention-based view of idea integration that underscor ... Expand

Abstract: This paper introduces an attention-based view of idea integration that underscores the importance of information system (IS) user interface design. Presenting ideas via an IS user interface can play an important role in enabling and motivating idea integration in electronic brainstorming systems (EBS), and thus can improve productivity. Building on a cognitive network model of creativity and the ability-motivation framework, our attention-based view focuses on two major attributes of a user interface: visibility and prioritization. Visibility enables idea integration by directing individuals' attention to a limited set of ideas, and prioritization enhances the motivation for idea integration by providing a relevant proxy for the value of the shared ideas. The theory developed in this paper is distinct from previous research on EBS in at least two ways: (1) it focuses on idea integration as the desired outcome, and (2) given that EBS do not universally outperform verbal brainstorming, the proposed theory revisits the links between user interface and idea integration. Idea integration in groups is an attention-intensive process that is essential for organizational creativity and thus for establishing knowledge-based capabilities. A lack of integration can significantly reduce the value of idea sharing, which has been the main focus of the EBS literature. Our theory posits that the ability of electronic brainstorming to outperform nominal or verbal brainstorming depends on its ability to leverage the capabilities of the IS artifact for enhancing idea integration. Our theory provides a foundation for new approaches to EBS and computer-mediated collaboration research. The emphasis on idea integration provides designers and managers of EBS with practical, cognition-based criteria for choosing interface features. Our theory also has implications for the practice and research of knowledge management, especially for the attention-based view of the organization. Collapse

Topics: user interface usability brainstorming productivity electronic brainstorming

Methods: theory development design artifact laboratory experiment

Theories: cognitive network model of creativity theory theory of bounded rationality information systems theory

A Conceptual Framework for Information Retrieval to Support Creativity in Business Processes

2008 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 5

Authors: Seidel, Stefan; Mueller-Wienbergen, Felix

Abstract: Creativity as the prerequisite for innovation is a core competitive factor in co ... Expand

Abstract: Creativity as the prerequisite for innovation is a core competitive factor in contemporary organizations. When creativity happens this involves creative persons who produce creative products in a process that cannot be fully anticipated and predescribed. We introduce the concept of pockets of creativity for those sections of a business process where creativity occurs. These sections are characterized by a high demand for flexibility and knowledge of the involved creative persons. In pockets of creativity previous knowledge is retrieved, transformed and combined into new procedures or artifacts – in short – innovations. Naturally, this raises the question of how pockets of creativity can be supported by information technology. Information retrieval is part of an organizations knowledge processes concerned with the representation, storage, organization, searching and finding of organizational knowledge. Informed by case studies we have conducted with organizations from the Creative Industries and drawing from existing theory, in this paper we introduce a conceptual framework for information retrieval that enables creative persons to access relevant information through a multi-perspective, hierarchical view. Such an approach both appropriately considers different ways of creative thinking and provides stimuli to a person’s cognitive network fostering her creativity and thus the development of truly innovative products. Collapse

Topics: information retrieval business process management explicit knowledge problem solving organizational context

Methods: case study design artifact business process modeling qualitative content analysis personal interview

Theories: knowledge based theory of the firm cognitive network model of creativity theory

Causal Relationships in Creative Problem Solving: Comparing Facilitation Interventions for Ideation

2004 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 124

Authors: Santanen, Eric L.; Briggs, Robert O.; De Vreede, Gert-Jan

Abstract: Organizations must be creative continuously to survive and thrive in today's hig ... Expand

Abstract: Organizations must be creative continuously to survive and thrive in today's highly competitive, rapidly changing environment. A century of creativity research has produced several descriptive models of creativity, and hundreds of prescriptions for interventions that demonstrably improve creativity. This paper presents the cognitive network model (CNM) as a causal model of the cognitive mechanisms that give rise to creative solutions in the human mind. The model may explain why creativity prescriptions work as they do. The model may also provide a basis for deriving new techniques to further enhance creativity. The paper tests the model in an experiment where 61 four-person groups used either free-brainstorming or one of three variations on directed-brainstorming to generate solutions for one of two unstructured tasks. In both tasks, people using directed-brainstorming produced more solutions with high creativity ratings, produced solutions with higher average creativity ratings, and produced higher concentrations of creative solutions than did people using free-brainstorming. Significant differences in creativity were also found among the three variations on directed-brainstorming. The findings were consistent with the CNM. Collapse

Topics: brainstorming problem solving electronic brainstorming workstation productivity

Methods: experiment ANOVA parametric test experimental group one-way ANOVA

Theories: cognitive network model of creativity theory

A Cognitive Network Model of Creativity: A Renewed Focus on Brainstorming Methodology

1999 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Santanen, Eric; Briggs, Robert

Abstract: Creativity is a vital component of problem solving, yet despite decades of creat ... Expand

Abstract: Creativity is a vital component of problem solving, yet despite decades of creativity research, many of the techniques for increasing creative production still lack compelling theoretical and causal foundations. This paper defines a Cognitive Network Model, a causal model of creative solution generation for problem solving domains. This model is grounded in mechanisms of human cognition that are hypothesized to exist within all individuals, regardless of their intelligence level, socio-economic status, or other variable, personal attributes. Guided by the model, we outline a new Group Support System (GSS) based technique called directed brainstorming. We propose the Cognitive Network Model is useful for explaining the effectiveness of existing creativity techniques and may represent a basis from which new techniques and technologies for enhancing the creative output of problem solvers can be developed. Collapse

Topics: problem solving brainstorming personality group support system competitive advantage

Theories: cognitive network model of creativity theory