To Stem the Tide: Organizational Climate and the Locus of Knowledge Transfer

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Di Stefano, Giada; Micheli, Maria Rita

Abstract: Prior work has maintained that organizations benefit from managing the transfer ... Expand

Abstract: Prior work has maintained that organizations benefit from managing the transfer of proprietary knowledge. Transfer is often advantageous within organizational boundaries but may be harmful across them, because it might erode competitive advantage. Hence, we ask: How can organizations affect the direction in which knowledge flows? We examine the role of organizational climate as a governing mechanism for knowledge transfer. Our empirical strategy consists of a mixed-methods approach leveraging qualitative and experimental data over two cycles of theory building and theory testing. We start with an extensive field study of the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), leveraging the insights from desk research, field observations, 53 interviews, and a laboratory-in-the-field experiment involving 518 physicists. We then provide a causal test of the emerging framework by means of two laboratory experiments with 389 participants. Our findings suggest employees are more likely to transfer knowledge to their colleagues when they identify as an integral part of the organization, but they would rather transfer knowledge to outside competitors when their organization encourages them to outperform coworkers. In the presence of an organizational climate that is unfavorable to preventing knowledge spillovers, we argue, organizations can redirect the locus of knowledge transfer internally by acting upon an individual employee’s job design and socialization regime.History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Experiments in Organizational Theory.Funding: The authors acknowledge generous financial support from Bocconi University, the HEC Foundation of HEC Paris, and IESEG School of Management.Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1551. Collapse

Topics: knowledge sharing electronic mail pandemic knowledge spillover strategic management

Methods: experiment qualitative interview field study theory development laboratory experiment

Theories: organizational theory

Exploring the factors, affordances and constraints outlining the implementation of Artificial Intelligence in public sector organizations

2023 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Maragno, Giulia; Tangi, Luca; Gastaldi, Luca; Benedetti, Michele

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is viewed as having great potential for the public ... Expand

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is viewed as having great potential for the public sector to improve the management of internal activities and the delivery of public services. However, realizing its potential depends on the proper implementation of the technology, which is characterized by unique factors, that afford or constrain its use. What these factors are and how they affect AI implementation is still poorly understood, and scholars call for studies to add empirical evidence to the existing knowledge. This study relies on a case study methodology and, by adopting an abductive approach, applies a double theoretical perspective: the Technology-OrganizationEnvironment (TOE) framework and the Technology Affordances and Constraints Theory (TACT). Drawing on these combined lenses, we develop a conceptual framework that extends previous studies by showing how AI implementation is the result of a combination of contextual factors that are deeply interrelated and, specifically, how AI-related factors bring new affordances and constraints to the application domain. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence affordance government system video conference open source

Methods: qualitative interview case study theory development chatbot qualitative coding

Theories: theory of everything theory of affordance theory of abduction organizational theory

Toward Successful Esports Team: How Does National Diversity Affect Multiplayer Online Battle Arena Video Games

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Nyćkowiak, Justyna; Kołodziej, Tomasz; Jasny, Michał; Siuda, Piotr

Abstract: Today, esports teams in multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) games are often c ... Expand

Abstract: Today, esports teams in multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) games are often composed of players from around the world. The paper asks whether a greater national heterogeneity of professional esports teams means their higher effectiveness. Desk research data of 13 tournaments of Dota 2 game held in 2011-2018 is used to calculate the teams’ win ratio, i.e., the ratio of skirmishes (in all matches) won to the total number of skirmishes (match is a series of skirmishes). Hence, effectiveness is understood not as ranks or matches won, but as the lowest possible number of lost skirmishes. Multinational teams achieved a higher win ratio, compared to nationally homogenous teams and the analysis includes the role of coaches’ nationalities. Working groups, cognitive diversity, and similarity/attraction theories are used to signal potential reasons and consequences of diversity on team performance. This exploratory study indicates future research threads on esports teams’ national diversity. Collapse

Topics: esport website streaming service social media database system

Methods: desk research descriptive statistic

Data Marketplaces: Value Drivers and Pricing Approaches of Data

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Radic, Marija; Herrmann, Philipp; Stein, Theresa; Kleine, Simon

Abstract: Although the data monetization market continues to grow, many data marketplaces ... Expand

Abstract: Although the data monetization market continues to grow, many data marketplaces have failed and withdrawn from the market. Particularly the pricing of data remains a challenge. Research to date cannot provide satisfactory recommendations for practitioners. The objective of this paper is to contribute to closing this gap by addressing two research questions: (1) Which price setting mechanisms are chosen in practice? (2) Which value drivers contribute to assessing the value of a dataset? Our results show that data marketplaces dominantly choose cost-based pricing approaches or hand over pricing responsibilities to data providers and buyers. At the same time, they prioritize value drivers outside the cost category. One explanation is that data marketplaces are striving for a value-based pricing approach, but currently fail to implement it. We suggest a pragmatic pricing approach that calculates the base price based on the costs and considers value drivers for margin calculation. Collapse

Topics: price management data quality accounting database system marketing management

Methods: qualitative interview structured literature research literature sample personal interview survey

Strategies of Digital Platform Companies when Seeking Legitimacy in New Markets

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Ramizo, Godofredo

Abstract: Digital platforms attempting to penetrate markets and establish novel businesse ... Expand

Abstract: Digital platforms attempting to penetrate markets and establish novel businesses need to not only seek market share and profit, but also to establish their legitimacy-that is, the social acceptability of their business operations. Information Systems and Management are just beginning to understand digital platform strategies for establishing legitimacy. There is also relatively little attention to how the special features of digital platforms influence their legitimation strategies. Through a multi-method study on ride-hailing platforms in Southeast Asia, I show that digital platforms trying to penetrate markets can wield known legitimation strategies in exceptional ways, as well as employ some manoeuvres that can be considered novel. I contribute to the literature on the strategic management of information systems by uncovering how platform features other than network effects, such as asset provision offloading and intermediation, accord strategic advantage to the legitimation efforts of digital platform firms. Collapse

Topics: digital platform ride sharing platform information systems strategy network effect Google+

Methods: qualitative interview desk research case study qualitative content analysis mixed method

Theories: socio technical theory

FUTURE-ORIENTED AND PATIENT-CENTRIC? A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL THERAPEUTICS AND THEIR INTEROPERABILITY

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Stegemann, Lars; Gubser, Rahel; Gersch, Martin; Bartschke, Alexander; Hoffmann, Andreas; Wagner, Michael; Fürstenau, Daniel

Abstract: This paper focuses on the integration of digital therapeutics (DTx) into future ... Expand

Abstract: This paper focuses on the integration of digital therapeutics (DTx) into future-oriented and patientcentric care pathways. Based on a workshop series and problem-centered interviews in Germany, the current state-of-the-art of regulatory and technical integration of DTx was mapped as a landscape of DTx interoperability. The results focus on key interfaces of DTx, namely with Electronic Health Records (EHRs), devices, and other digital health innovations such as telemedicine, and highlight current challenges and potentials for future development. On a broader level, the results point to unresolved issues of care coordination, the optional role of the EHRs as regulated platforms for care, and the importance of integrating DTx data into public data spaces for research. Collapse

Topics: health information system innovation management electronic health healthcare data video conference

Methods: qualitative interview desk research qualitative content analysis longitudinal research field study

Evaluating Platform Openness in Logistics based on a Taxonomic Analysis

2022 | HICSS | Citations: 1

Authors: Duparc, Estelle; Culotta, Carina; Otto, Boris

Abstract: Digital platforms are becoming increasingly important in logistics to enhance bu ... Expand

Abstract: Digital platforms are becoming increasingly important in logistics to enhance business models and ensure competitiveness. As new players enter from the B2C sector, the need to innovate is intensifying for traditional firms. To compensate for disadvantages, such as missing platform knowledge or a late entrance, open strategies, e.g., shared governance or open source, can spur platform development and establishment. The resulting open platform ecosystems are a promising approach in entering the platform business for struggling firms. As first initiatives aim to promote open logistics ecosystems, our research objective is to evaluate the current state of openness regarding logistics platforms. We use a taxonomy to identify relevant design elements from a business model’s perspective. Building on the taxonomic analysis, we evaluate relevant openness dimensions to display the current state of openness in logistics platform ecosystems. We conclude by giving an outlook on future research avenues by providing potential research questions. Collapse

Topics: logistics management business model digital ecosystem database system innovation management

Methods: structured literature research desk research design methodology

Working Hybrid at Universities: Old, yet New Practice?

2022 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Feiten Haubrich, Gislene; Hafermalz, Ella

Abstract: This study focuses on hybrid working in the university sector. The diversity of ... Expand

Abstract: This study focuses on hybrid working in the university sector. The diversity of the roles performed in universities provides a unique opportunity to study how the 'where and when' of knowledge work is evolving in the post-pandemic era. Our research aims to understand how hybrid working is 1) planned and 2) practiced in a university context. Through an analysis of ten university policies, we find that the ambition for hybrid working reveals several contradictions. Further, technology is mostly backgrounded in discussions of this new way of working. These preliminary findings challenge us consider how the initiatives predicted in a hybrid working policy take place in practice, at a large Dutch university. Based on interviews and systematic observations, we aim to enrich discussions of hybrid working with an open stance towards how and what role technology plays in the new era of work in the university context. Collapse

Topics: pandemic laptop computer productivity IT supported collaboration organizational context

Methods: field study qualitative interview design artifact laboratory experiment personal interview

Linking Data Sovereignty and Data Economy: Arising Areas of Tension

2022 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Lauf, Florian; Scheider, Simon; Bartsch, Jan; Herrmann, Philipp; Radic, Marija; Rebbert, Marcel; Nemat, André T; Langdon, Christoph Schlueter; Konrad, Ralf; Sunyaev, Ali; Meister, Sven

Abstract: In the emerging information economy, data evolves as an essential asset and pers ... Expand

Abstract: In the emerging information economy, data evolves as an essential asset and personal data in particular is used for data-driven business models. However, companies frequently leverage personal data without considering individuals’ data sovereignty. Therefore, we strive to strengthen individuals’ position in data ecosystems by combining concepts of data sovereignty and data economy. Our research design comprises an approach to design thinking iteratively generating, validating, and refining such concepts. As a result, we identified ten areas of tension that arise when linking data sovereignty and data economy. Subsequently, we propose initial solutions to resolve these tensions and thus contribute to knowledge about the development of fair data ecosystems benefiting both individuals’ sovereignty and companies’ access to data. Collapse

Topics: digital ecosystem design thinking digital literacy computer supported cooperative work privacy

Methods: design methodology focus group archival research design artifact desk research

Phantoms of Innovation: Disciplined Simulation for Ex-ante Evaluation in Design Science Research

2022 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Matter, Philipp; Heinrich, Peter; Kurz, Katja; Miscione, Gianluca

Abstract: For years, there has been an emphasis on how to efficiently and effectively ide ... Expand

Abstract: For years, there has been an emphasis on how to efficiently and effectively identify, evaluate, and implement innovative information systems in both design science research (DSR) and practice. Nonetheless, still today, these efforts continue to be hampered by the temporal gap between ideation and evaluation. Usually, innovative ideas are implemented at a late stage of maturity (e.g., prototypes) to test their viability in practice. This widespread approach results in waste of resources and time if the viability of an idea fails outside the lab environment. This paper discusses an ex-ante evaluation approach derived from "pretotyping" that allows innovative ideas to be tested in naturalistic settings even before they have been implemented. Thus, we call them "phantoms". We show how this approach reduces temporal and relevance gaps, and we provide a preliminary assessment of its practicability by presenting and discussing three case studies conducted with real organizations and prospective users. Collapse

Topics: innovation management willingness to pay digital innovation website price management

Methods: simulation case study survey design artifact qualitative interview