Can Fact-Checking Influence User Beliefs About Misinformation Claims: An Examination of Contingent Effects

2023 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 0

Authors: Bhattacherjee, Anol

Abstract: Prior research has suggested that corrective fact-checking has inconsistent eff ... Expand

Abstract: Prior research has suggested that corrective fact-checking has inconsistent effects on beliefs about online misinformation claims. This study attempts to explain this inconsistency using three contingent factorsclaim-source credibility, fact-checker credibility, and attitude strength-which respectively relate to three key parties in the fact-checking process: the source of a misleading claim, the fact-checker, and the user evaluating the fact-check. I hypothesize the interplay between these factors, which is tested using two online experiments on COVID-19-related misinformation with over 900 participants. Multilevel analysis of pretest-posttest, repeated measures data supports the hypothesized moderating effects and offers additional insights about how these effects vary between earlier versus later phases of misinformation cycles. The paper concludes with a discussion of contributions to research and practice. Collapse

Topics: misinformation pandemic BuzzFeed covid 19 user attitude

Methods: experiment regression analysis method longitudinal research statistical power analysis theoretical contribution

Deploying Artificial Intelligence to Combat Covid-19 Misinformation on Social Media: Technological and Ethical Considerations

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Cartwright, B.; Frank, R.; Weir, G.; Padda, K.; Strange, S.

Abstract: This paper reports on AI research into online misinformation pertaining to the ... Expand

Abstract: This paper reports on AI research into online misinformation pertaining to the COVID-19 pandemic within the Canadian context. This is part of our longerterm goal, i.e., development of a machine-learning tool to assist social media platforms, online service providers and government agencies in identifying and responding to misinformation on social media. We report on predictive accuracies accomplished by applying a combination of technologies, including a custom-designed web-crawler, The Dark Crawler, the Posit toolkit, and four different machine-learning models based on Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machines, LibLinear and LibShortText. Overall, we found that Posit and LibShortText models showed higher levels of correlation to the pre-determined (manual and machine-driven) data classifications than the other machine-learning algorithms tested. We further argue that the harms associated with COVID-19 misinformatione.g., the social and economic damage, and the deaths and severe illnessesoutweigh the right to personal privacy and freedom of speech considerations. Collapse

Topics: misinformation Twitter Reddit social media pandemic

Methods: machine learning computational algorithm support vector machine decision tree classification random forest classification

The Crisis in Local Newspapers and Organizational Wrongdoing: The Role of Community Social Connectedness

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Choi, Tony Jaehyun; Valente, Mike

Abstract: Drawing on institutional anomie theory, we examine how the crisis in local newsp ... Expand

Abstract: Drawing on institutional anomie theory, we examine how the crisis in local newspapers has induced organizational wrongdoings in local communities. We argue that, because local newspapers are the primary source of accountability journalism in local communities, their decline leads to an anomic state that increases the scale of organizational wrongdoing. We also investigate whether institutional complementarity helps overcome the anomic state: Due to functional similarity, community social connectedness compensates for the scarcity of local newspapers. Our analysis of U.S. metropolitan areas for the period of 2007–2015 reveals that the positive relationship between local newspaper scarcity and the scale of organizational wrongdoing is not present in all communities but does appear when a community lacks community social connectedness. We also find that this moderating role of community social connectedness is observed only for internal organizational wrongdoings that are less visible to the public than external ones. Collapse

Topics: digital news missing data decision making social capital database system

Methods: descriptive statistic statistical hypothesis test longitudinal research longitudinal data analysis hierarchical linear modeling

Theories: organizational behavior theory

Chatbot Catalysts: Improving Team Decision-Making Through Cognitive Diversity and Information Elaboration

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Gurkan, Necdet; Yan, Bei

Abstract: As the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into team decision-making co ... Expand

Abstract: As the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into team decision-making continues to expand, it is both theoretically and practically pressing for researchers to understand the impact of the technology on team dynamics and performance. To investigate this relationship, we conducted an online experiment in which teams made decisions supported by chatbots and employed computational methods to analyze team interaction processes. Our results indicated that compared to those assisted by chatbots in later phases, teams receiving chatbot assistance during the initial phase of their decisionmaking process exhibited increased cognitive diversity (i.e., diversity in shared information) and information elaboration (i.e., exchange and integration of information). Ultimately, teams assisted by chatbots early on performed better. These results imply that introducing AI at the beginning of the process can enhance team decision-making by promoting effective information sharing among team members. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence decision making information exchange team productivity human AI collaboration

Methods: chatbot parametric test experiment ANOVA self reported survey

Early Chatbot Assistance Can Enhance Team Decision-Making by Promoting Cognitive Diversity and Information Elaboration

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Gurkan, Necdet; Yan, Bei

Abstract: As AI increasingly assists teams in decision-making, the study examines how tec ... Expand

Abstract: As AI increasingly assists teams in decision-making, the study examines how technology shapes team processes and performance. We conducted an online experiment of team decision-making assisted by chatbots and analyzed team interaction processes with computational methods. We found that teams assisted by a chatbot offering information in the first half of their decision-making process performed better than those assisted by the chatbot in the second half. The effect was explained by the variation in teams' information-sharing process between the two chatbot conditions. When assisted by the chatbot in the first half of the decision-making task, teams showed higher levels of cognitive diversity (i.e., the difference in the information they shared) and information elaboration (i.e., exchange and integration of information). The findings demonstrate that if introduced early, AI can support team decision-making by acting as a catalyst to promote team information sharing. Collapse

Topics: decision making artificial intelligence team productivity information exchange video conference

Methods: chatbot parametric test ANOVA experiment two-way ANOVA

To regulate or not to regulate: unravelling institutional tussles around the regulation of algorithmic control of digital platforms

2023 | Journal of Information Technology | Citations: 0

Authors: Kokshagina, Olga; Reinecke, Pauline C; Karanasios, Stan

Abstract: Regulating how digital platforms use algorithms to determine and control content ... Expand

Abstract: Regulating how digital platforms use algorithms to determine and control content displayed to their users is both a controversial topic and an important societal challenge. Existing research acknowledges institutional tussles around regulating how digital platforms use algorithms to determine and control content. However, we lack research showing how the development of regulation unfolds. We build on data from a longitudinal discourse analysis of 410 media articles and 483 policy and industry documents to study two cases of algorithmic control regulation in Australia. The first involves algorithmic control for content display, the second for content moderation. We develop a process model of institutional work towards regulation of algorithmic control. It captures the institutional tussles between governments, digital platforms and third parties as each expresses their perspective on legitimate forms of algorithmic control and shapes the process and outcome of regulation. Building on our model, we discuss the dynamics of regulation development in light of the constellation of actors and their power position in the process. We further consider the regulatory outcome and highlight future research questions that build on our findings. Collapse

Topics: digital platform terrorist incident Facebook innovation management database system

Methods: computational algorithm qualitative content analysis literature sample longitudinal research business process modeling

Are You What You Tweet? The Impact of Sentiment on Digital News Consumption and Social Media Sharing

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Oh, Hyelim; Goh, Khim-Yong; Phan, Tuan Q.

Abstract: Although social media has helped online newspapers by allowing users to organica ... Expand

Abstract: Although social media has helped online newspapers by allowing users to organically share articles, some have argued that it has cannibalized and hurt newspapers through reduced readership and diminished agenda-setting power. Motivated by these two opposing effects, it is critical to understand what affects the duality between sharing news articles on social media and reading the articles on news websites. Using rich clickstream data on online news readership obtained from an English-language newspaper in an Asian country and social media data collected from Twitter, we focus on article sentiment as a key news content attribute and find a differential effect of sentiment on readership and sharing behaviors across the news site and third-party social media platform. Our results show that people are likely to read news articles with negative sentiment on the news site, but they tend to share articles with positive sentiment on Twitter. Specifically, a one-unit increase in content sentiment is associated with a 10.86% or 273-unit decrease in news site page views but a 17.0% or 2.10-unit increase in Twitter sharing volume. Upon decomposition of news article sentiment, we also find a contrasting positive author sentiment effect and a negative news topic valence effect on news readership. To uncover the underlying mechanism of the findings, we test the key intuitions from prior self-presentation literature. We find that an increase in a Twitter user’s followers (i.e., audience size) leads to an increase in the Twitter user’s propensity to share positive-sentiment news articles. Our findings on the role of sentiment on content consumption and sharing affirm the coopetitive but complementary relationship between news websites and social media platforms. Our results also guide publishers to better craft their news content and manage social media presence to improve audience engagement and readership outcomes while preserving the agenda-setting ability of news media.History: Anindya Ghose, Senior Editor; Mingfeng Lin, Associate Editor.Funding: H. Oh was supported by the Ministry of Education, Singapore [Grant R-253-000-126-114] and the National Research Foundation of Korea [Grant NRF-2021S1A5A8070021]. T. Q. Phan was supported by the National University of Singapore [Grant T1-251RES1402] and the University of Hong Kong [Grant 201909185043].Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2022.1112. Collapse

Topics: Twitter social media website personality Facebook

Methods: sentiment analysis CoreNLP natural language processing instrumental variables estimation econometric modeling

Theorizing about the Early-Stage Diffusion of Codependent IT Innovations

2023 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Parameswaran, Srikanth; Kishore, Rajiv; Yang, Xuanhui; Liu, Zhenyu

Abstract: In this paper, we focus on the early-stage diffusion of codependent IT innovatio ... Expand

Abstract: In this paper, we focus on the early-stage diffusion of codependent IT innovations, which are a type of innovation in which the overall innovation consists of two complementary parts that are adopted by two different adopter communities but where both parts need to be jointly adopted by the two coadopter communities for successful diffusion of the overall innovation. Using innovation diffusion, organizing vision (OV), and institutional entrepreneurship theories as the key theoretical lenses, and an in-depth case study reconstructed using 20 years of discourse surrounding Walmart’s campaign in the early stage of diffusion of the RFID-in-retailing technology, we develop a fourphase process model for the early-stage diffusion of codependent IT innovations. We make three specific contributions to the IS discipline, specifically to the literature on IS innovation adoption and diffusion. First, we add the notion of coadopter relative advantage and posit that the organization in the coadopter community with a higher coadopter relative advantage that perceives the highest degree of coadopter relative advantage will emerge as an institutional entrepreneur (IE) and will influence the early-stage diffusion of the codependent IT innovation. Second, we add the notion of an internal-external influencer and posit that the IE may be an actor who is internal to the overall adoption phenomenon, which involves two different coadopter communities, but external to the coadopter community with a lower coadopter relative advantage that adopts the innovation component. Third, we divide the early-stage diffusion process into four phases—emergence, structuralization, evolution, and chasm—and identify the institutional entrepreneurship strategies used and the OV functions enacted by the IE during each phase. We propose that the IE for a codependent innovation will: (1) use the rationale development strategy and enact the interpretation OV function during the emergence phase, (2) use the resource mobilization strategy and enact the mobilization OV function during the structuralization phase, (3) use the relationship development strategy and enact the legitimation OV function during the evolution phase, and (4) use all the three institutional entrepreneurship strategies and enact all the three OV functions during the chasm phase. Collapse

Topics: innovation management radio frequency identification entrepreneurship digital innovation diffusion of innovation

Methods: case study business process modeling theory development theoretical contribution qualitative interview

Theories: diffusion of innovations theory

The nature of small business digital responses during crises

2023 | Information and Organization | Citations: 0

Authors: Parker, Craig; Bingley, Scott; Burgess, Stephen

Abstract: Small business revenues worldwide were drastically affected by lockdowns during ... Expand

Abstract: Small business revenues worldwide were drastically affected by lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, many small businesses introduced new functionality through the adoption of digital technologies. However, little is known about the nature of these digital technology innovations, including whether they differed across industry sectors. Through a modified case study approach, we examine digital technology responses to the pandemic by small businesses that were identified in Google News. We introduce a new framework designed to describe the nature of the responses. Most small businesses that were examined introduced digital responses by offering new e-commerce facilities and/or converting their existing services to ‘e-services’, with some important cross sector exceptions. Practical suggestions for small businesses are provided. Collapse

Topics: pandemic electronic commerce website innovation management technology adoption

Methods: Google news case study theoretical contribution literature sample archival research

Theories: diffusion of innovations theory

Understanding Information-Limiting Environments in Personalized News Platforms—A Systems Perspective

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Schmalenbach, Kian; Brechtelsbauer, Bastian; Schötteler, Sebastian; Laumer, Sven

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: user attitude collaborative filtering digital platform Facebook Twitter

Methods: experiment conceptual modelling design artifact computational algorithm theory development