Can Fact-Checking Influence User Beliefs About Misinformation Claims: An Examination of Contingent Effects

2023 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 0

Authors: Bhattacherjee, Anol

Abstract: Prior research has suggested that corrective fact-checking has inconsistent eff ... Expand

Abstract: Prior research has suggested that corrective fact-checking has inconsistent effects on beliefs about online misinformation claims. This study attempts to explain this inconsistency using three contingent factorsclaim-source credibility, fact-checker credibility, and attitude strength-which respectively relate to three key parties in the fact-checking process: the source of a misleading claim, the fact-checker, and the user evaluating the fact-check. I hypothesize the interplay between these factors, which is tested using two online experiments on COVID-19-related misinformation with over 900 participants. Multilevel analysis of pretest-posttest, repeated measures data supports the hypothesized moderating effects and offers additional insights about how these effects vary between earlier versus later phases of misinformation cycles. The paper concludes with a discussion of contributions to research and practice. Collapse

Topics: misinformation pandemic BuzzFeed covid 19 user attitude

Methods: experiment regression analysis method longitudinal research statistical power analysis theoretical contribution

Introduction to Adversarial Behavior in Collaboration and Social Media Systems Minitrack of the Collaboration Systems and Technologies Track (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Cheung, C.; Risius, M.; Lee, M.; Wagner, C.

Abstract: Social media platforms facilitate coordinated adversary behaviors (e.g., coordi ... Expand

Abstract: Social media platforms facilitate coordinated adversary behaviors (e.g., coordinated inauthentic behavior, cybermobbing, distortion of the public discourse, proliferation of unreliable information, relinquished on-and offline privacy). Digital technologies enable transferring traditional adversarial behaviors into the online environment (e.g., bullying, harassment, disinformation) or generate new adversarial behaviors altogether (e.g., doxing). Collapse

Topics: social media disinformation

Methods: computational algorithm deep learning

A Theory-based Deep-Learning Approach to Detecting Disinformation in Financial Social Media

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Chung, Wingyan; Zhang, Yinqiang; Pan, Jia

Abstract: The spreading of disinformation in social media threatens cybersecurity and unde ... Expand

Abstract: The spreading of disinformation in social media threatens cybersecurity and undermines market efficiency. Detecting disinformation is challenging due to large volumes of social media content and a rapidly changing environment. This research developed and validated a theory-based, novel deep-learning approach (called TRNN) to disinformation detection. Grounded in social and psychological theories, TRNN uses deep-learning and data-centric augmentation to enhance disinformation detection in financial social media. Temporal and contextual information is encoded as specific knowledge about human-validated disinformation, which was identified from our unique collection of 745,139 financial social media messages about four U.S. high-tech company stocks and their fine-grained trading data. TRNN uses multiple series of long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neurons to learn dynamic and hidden patterns to support disinformation detection. Our experimental findings show that TRNN significantly outperformed widely-used machine learning techniques in terms of precision, recall, F-score and accuracy, achieving consistently better classification performance in disinformation detection. A case study of Apple Inc.’s stock price movement demonstrates the potential usability of TRNN for secure knowledge management. The research contributes to developing novel approach and model, producing new information systems artifacts and dataset, and providing empirical findings of detecting online disinformation. Collapse

Topics: disinformation social media Twitter fake news usability

Methods: machine learning experiment design artifact deep learning recurrent neural network

Theories: psychological theory

How social media disrupts institutions: Exploring the intersection of online disinformation, digital materiality and field-level change

2023 | Information and Organization | Citations: 0

Authors: Davis, Daniel J.; Beck, Tammy E.

Abstract: The diffusion of disinformation via social media has become a pressing societal ... Expand

Abstract: The diffusion of disinformation via social media has become a pressing societal concern for business leaders and policy makers. In recent years, online disinformation has been implicated as a source of field-level institutional change across a variety of societal contexts. To better un­ derstand how online disinformation changes institutional issue fields, we explore how digital materiality affords users opportunities to create and propagate disinformation. We introduce and define three social media material features: modular content, content flow, and manifold network structures. From these digital materiality elements, we articulate three disinformation affordan­ ces: crafting, amplifying, and partitioning. We rely on several vignettes – far-right political conspiracy group, QAnon, anti-vaccination (i.e., anti-Vaxxers), and flat Earth beliefs – to illustrate how social media users exploit digital materiality and enact disinformation affordances. Our theoretical development also contributes to our understanding of how online disinformation disrupts institutional issue fields. In particular, we highlight several potential changes to insti­ tutional issue fields regarding power centralization, subfield structures, and institutional infra­ structure. We conclude by offering recommendations for future research and social media policy. Collapse

Topics: disinformation social media affordance misinformation user experience

Methods: theory development survey mixed method triangulation

Theories: theory of affordance institutional theory

Opinion Paper: “So what if ChatGPT wrote it?” Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy

2023 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Dwivedi, Yogesh K.; Kshetri, Nir; Hughes, Laurie; Slade, Emma Louise; Jeyaraj, Anand; Kar, Arpan Kumar; Baabdullah, Abdullah M.; Koohang, Alex; Raghavan, Vishnupriya; Ahuja, Manju; Albanna, Hanaa; Albashrawi, Mousa Ahmad; Al-Busaidi, Adil S.; Balakrishnan, Janarthanan; Barlette, Yves; Basu, Sriparna; Bose, Indranil; Brooks, Laurence; Buhalis, Dimitrios; Carter, Lemuria; Chowdhury, Soumyadeb; Crick, Tom; Cunningham, Scott W.; Davies, Gareth H.; Davison, Robert M.; Dé, Rahul; Dennehy, Denis; Duan, Yanqing; Dubey, Rameshwar; Dwivedi, Rohita; Edwards, John S.; Flavián, Carlos; Gauld, Robin; Grover, Varun; Hu, Mei-Chih; Janssen, Marijn; Jones, Paul; Junglas, Iris; Khorana, Sangeeta; Kraus, Sascha; Larsen, Kai R.; Latreille, Paul; Laumer, Sven; Malik, F. Tegwen; Mardani, Abbas; Mariani, Marcello; Mithas, Sunil; Mogaji, Emmanuel; Nord, Jeretta Horn; O’Connor, Siobhan; Okumus, Fevzi; Pagani, Margherita; Pandey, Neeraj; Papagiannidis, Savvas; Pappas, Ilias O.; Pathak, Nishith; Pries-Heje, Jan; Raman, Ramakrishnan; Rana, Nripendra P.; Rehm, Sven-Volker; Ribeiro-Navarrete, Samuel; Richter, Alexander; Rowe, Frantz; Sarker, Suprateek; Stahl, Bernd Carsten; Tiwari, Manoj Kumar; Van Der Aalst, Wil; Venkatesh, Viswanath; Viglia, Giampaolo; Wade, Michael; Walton, Paul; Wirtz, Jochen; Wright, Ryan

Abstract: ☆ This editorial opinion paper provides a subjective viewpoint on the potential ... Expand

Abstract: ☆ This editorial opinion paper provides a subjective viewpoint on the potential impact of generative AI technologies such as ChatGPT in the domains of education, business, and society. Its objective is to offer initial guidance on the opportunities, challenges, and implications associated with these technologies. It is worth noting that, given its nature as an editorial opinion piece, this submission has not undergone a formal double-blind review process but has been reviewed informally by appropriate experts.Transformative artificially intelligent tools, such as ChatGPT, designed to generate sophisticated text indistinguishable from that produced by a human, are applicable across a wide range of contexts. The technology presents opportunities as well as, often ethical and legal, challenges, and has the potential for both positive and negative impacts for organisations, society, and individuals. Offering multi-disciplinary insight into some of these, this article brings together 43 contributions from experts in fields such as computer science, marketing, information systems, education, policy, hospitality and tourism, management, publishing, and nursing. The contributors acknowledge ChatGPT's capabilities to enhance productivity and suggest that it is likely to offer 1 Equal contributions Y.K. Dwivedi et al.International Journal of Information Management 71 (2023) 102642 3 significant gains in the banking, hospitality and tourism, and information technology industries, and enhance business activities, such as management and marketing. Nevertheless, they also consider its limitations, disruptions to practices, threats to privacy and security, and consequences of biases, misuse, and misinformation. However, opinion is split on whether ChatGPT's use should be restricted or legislated. Drawing on these contributions, the article identifies questions requiring further research across three thematic areas: knowledge, transparency, and ethics; digital transformation of organisations and societies; and teaching, learning, and scholarly research. The avenues for further research include: identifying skills, resources, and capabilities needed to handle generative AI; examining biases of generative AI attributable to training datasets and processes; exploring business and societal contexts best suited for generative AI implementation; determining optimal combinations of human and generative AI for various tasks; identifying ways to assess accuracy of text produced by generative AI; and uncovering the ethical and legal issues in using generative AI across different contexts. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence generative AI Twitter privacy innovation management

Methods: chatGPT chatbot generative pre-trained transformer literature study language model

USING TRANSACTION COST ECONOMICS SAFEGUARDING TO REDUCE THE DIFFUSION OF DISINFORMATION ON SOCIAL MEDIA

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Eccles, David; Kurnia, Sherah; Geard, Nicholas; Dingler, Tilman

Abstract: Human users contribute to the spread of disinformation on Social Media. To redu ... Expand

Abstract: Human users contribute to the spread of disinformation on Social Media. To reduce the spread, we apply Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) Safeguarding, which penalises the sharing of disinformation. Using the economic theory TCE positions Social Media platforms as free markets, in which actors are motivated to protect their assets and peer reputation. We conducted a study exploring TCE Safeguarding as a market correction mechanism to change the disinformation diffusion behaviour of users. Our findings show that users will be less likely to post a comment and more likely to correct their previous disinformation diffusion actions when TCE Safeguarding is applied. Focusing on Social Media as a market rather than its individual components may provide a mechanism to address the "fake news" phenomenon. Collapse

Topics: disinformation social media user behavior fake news Facebook

Methods: survey experiment Mann Whitney U test nonparametric test economic model

Theories: economic theory transaction cost economics

Examining Misinformation and Disinformation Games Through Inoculation Theory and Transportation Theory

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Grace, Lindsay; Liang, Songyi

Abstract: Media misinformation and disinformation continue to threaten the foundation on w ... Expand

Abstract: Media misinformation and disinformation continue to threaten the foundation on which scientific, political, and other socially relevant decisions are made. This paper examines games designed to serve as interventions for changing player’s behaviors in misinformation and disinformation media. It analyzes the games formally through two common communication intervention theories for behavior modification and education: inoculation theory and transportation theory. The media theories are first framed in the context of games generally, then they are applied across six research focused games ; Harmony Square, Bad News, Fake It To Make It, Factitious and FakeYou!. The work offers theory-informed observations and recommendations to support improved efficacy for existing and future playable media. Collapse

Topics: misinformation disinformation

Theories: media theory

Signals of Transition in Crisis Management: Insights from a Study of Social Media Use in Public Service Organizations

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Herrera, L.; Gjøsæter, T.; Majchrzak, T.; Thapa, D.

Abstract: In crisis informatics, little attention is placed on how transitions occur betw ... Expand

Abstract: In crisis informatics, little attention is placed on how transitions occur between periods of crisis and non-crisis. The analysis of transition behaviors in organizations could respond to both the cyclicality of risk and crisis management, and the need for continuity of services provided to the community. In studying transitions, we focus on social media use as a support system. Thus, with the objective to gain an insight into how sociotechnical systems navigate through periods of crisis and non-crisis, we leverage individual experiences that rely on social media as a source of information in public service organizations and developers of social media analytics support tools. The main contribution of this study is the explanation and conceptualization on how transitions happen by framing social media as a support system of information for crisis management. In addition, we highlight the return to a new steady-state, an overlooked area of organizational transitions and continuity. Collapse

Topics: social media emergency management social media analytics situational awareness information technology capability

Methods: qualitative interview theory development qualitative content analysis

Theories: punctuated equilibrium theory organizational behavior theory sociotechnical systems theory

Attributes of Continuity in Support Information Systems: A Study of Social Media Listening Experiences

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Herrera, Lucia Castro; Shahbazi, Maryam; Majchrzak, Tim A.; Gjøsæter, Terje; Bunker, Deborah

Abstract: The increasing recurrence of crises threatens the continuity of services provid ... Expand

Abstract: The increasing recurrence of crises threatens the continuity of services provided by public service organizations (PSOs) to their communities, especially those in need. Beyond contingency plans, PSOs must rely on robust support information systems able to withstand transitions between day-to-day activities and crisis response with as minimal interruptions as possible. Through the analysis of experiences of use of social media analytics as a support system in PSOs, this study proposes a set of attributes that take place while transitioning between non-crisis and crisis states. The sociotechnical nature of transitions calls for a zoomed-out analysis based on shared patterns that could lead to generalization in the future. The results of our study contribute towards understanding how continuity and equilibrium are exercised in volatile and dynamic environments. In addition, our results could help organizations self-assess their social media analytics teams or other support systems within the proposed parameters. Collapse

Topics: social media social media analytics emergency management pandemic problem solving

Methods: qualitative interview case study card sorting qualitative content analysis literature study

Big Data and Analytics: Issues and Challenges for the Past and Next Ten Years

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Kaisler, S.; Espinosa, J.; Money, W.; Armour, F.

Abstract: In this paper we continue the minitrack series of papers recognizing issues and ... Expand

Abstract: In this paper we continue the minitrack series of papers recognizing issues and challenges identified in the field of Big Data and Analytics, from the past and going forward. As this field has evolved, it has begun to encompass other analytical regimes, notably AI/ML systems. In this paper we focus on two areas: continuing main issues for which some progress has been made and new and emerging issues which we believe form the basis for near-term and future research in Big Data and Analytics. The Bottom Line: Big Data and Analytics is healthy, is growing in scope and evolving in capability, and is finding applicability in more problem domains than ever before. Proliferation of V'sThe multiple other Vs that have been proposed by various authors (e.g., value, variability, veracity, validity, etc.) are perhaps best characterized, not as fundamental determinants of big data, but as important attributes that affect how the data can be managed, accessed and analyzed. We observed a consensus in the literature that the original 3Vs provided a stable Collapse

Topics: big data generative AI disinformation data governance data management

Methods: literature sample computational algorithm literature study