Self-Building Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to Empower Big Data Analytics in Smart Cities

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Alahakoon, Damminda; Nawaratne, Rashmika; Xu, Yan; De Silva, Daswin; Sivarajah, Uthayasankar; Gupta, Bhumika

Abstract: The emerging information revolution makes it necessary to manage vast amounts of ... Expand

Abstract: The emerging information revolution makes it necessary to manage vast amounts of unstructured data rapidly. As the world is increasingly populated by IoT devices and sensors that can sense their surroundings and communicate with each other, a digital environment has been created with vast volumes of volatile and diverse data. Traditional AI and machine learning techniques designed for deterministic situations are not suitable for such environments. With a large number of parameters required by each device in this digital environment, it is desirable that the AI is able to be adaptive and self-build (i.e. self-structure, self-configure, self-learn), rather than be structurally and parameter-wise pre-defined. This study explores the benefits of self-building AI and machine learning with unsupervised learning for empowering big data analytics for smart city environments. By using the growing self-organizing map, a new suite of self-building AI is proposed. The self-building AI overcomes the limitations of traditional AI and enables data processing in dynamic smart city environments. With cloud computing platforms, the self-building AI can integrate the data analytics applications that currently work in silos. The new paradigm of the self-building AI and its value are demonstrated using the IoT, video surveillance, and action recognition applications. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence smart city big data cloud computing distributed system

Methods: computational algorithm experiment unsupervised learning machine learning longitudinal research

Blockchain innovation for consent self-management in health information exchanges

2023 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Anderson, Chad; Carvalho, Arthur; Kaul, Mala; Merhout, Jeffrey W.

Abstract: With the increasing digitalization of health data, patients need to make informe ... Expand

Abstract: With the increasing digitalization of health data, patients need to make informed decisions about the online sharing of their protected health information. This necessitates a robust technical infrastructure that enables patients to self-manage consent and the trusted exchange of this information across sharing entities. Unfortu­ nately, current health information exchange systems in the U.S. are limited in both these regards. While there is recent work on digital patient consent management, there is limited work that provides effective solutions for patient self-management of consent. Further, interoperability issues in the way health information exchanges are currently architected and differences in regulations across localities exacerbate the challenges of consent man­ agement. In this research, we survey potential patients' willingness to self-manage healthcare-related consent. Having established the desire for consent self-management, we propose a solution that enables the seamless sharing of patient consent across different healthcare providers and health information exchanges. Specifically, we use a rigorous design science approach to create a blockchain-based, self-managed patient consent system and we evaluate the design through an instantiated prototype. The results of our study should be useful to researchers in healthcare information management as well as to practitioners designing consent management systems. Our research contributes to design science research with an innovative, rigorously evaluated, design principles-based artifact that addresses a critical problem of sharing protected health information. Collapse

Topics: blockchain mobile application information exchange privacy Ethereum

Methods: survey design artifact design science design process design principle

Theories: evidence-based design

Simple Design Approach for Shared Digital Twins

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Hasse, Hendrik; Van Der Valk, Hendrik

Abstract: The collaborative utilization of data becomes increasingly important in industry ... Expand

Abstract: The collaborative utilization of data becomes increasingly important in industry and requires increased consideration of interoperability and data sovereignty aspects. Distributed systems play a decisive role in this context, which allow for a closer communication between the stakeholders involved and are characterized by the shared use of data and devices. At the same time new concepts emerge that enable a structured mapping of data. These include Digital Twins, which primarily allow a holistic digital representation of an entire asset lifecycle. Digital Twins offer significant potential for distributed systems and form a suitable basis for the collaborative utilization of an asset's lifecycle data. Although studies assume an increased use of Digital Twins in cross-company networks, they are still predominantly used as a purely company-internal concept. In the context of this publication, we demonstrate how to get started easily with the design of Digital Twins intended for use in collaborative distributed systems. Collapse

Topics: digital twin production management information system use distributed system access control

Methods: design principle design artifact design requirement literature study

Toward a campus crisis management system amid the pandemic and beyond

2023 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Li, Yaojie; Zhou, Yi; Ge, Linqiang; Chen, Rui; Xiong, Jie

Abstract: This study develops artifact and design principles for a campus-wide crisis mana ... Expand

Abstract: This study develops artifact and design principles for a campus-wide crisis management system amid the COVID19 pandemic and beyond. Drawing upon crisis management literature and the uncertainty reduction theory, we develop a preliminary crisis management system with three fundamental components: dashboard, portal, and forum, geared toward aggregating environmental information, expert knowledge, and stakeholder insights. This immediate, integrated, and interactive campus crisis management system aims to promote organizational learning through knowledge acquisition, dissemination, and utilization while reducing stakeholders’ uncertainty about the crisis. Through comprehensive evaluation, we further synthesize and summarize new design principles for prospective artifacts, including constructing a distributed crisis management network, capitalizing on data mining and knowledge discovery algorithms, and developing the adaptability of the crisis management system in various circumstances. Collapse

Topics: emergency management pandemic organization learning digital dashboard usability

Methods: design principle design science design artifact machine learning kernel theory

Theories: uncertainty reduction theory organizational learning theory theory of abduction

Introduction to the Minitrack on Digital Twins: Platforms, Methods, Applications, and Impact

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Rettberg, Achim; Engels, Gregor; Schattkowsky, Tim

Abstract: This minitrack provides a brief overview of the current state in the applicatio ... Expand

Abstract: This minitrack provides a brief overview of the current state in the application, construction and management of digital twins. The presented approaches range from practical government application scenarios to theoretical foundations for the construction of digital twins for safety critical systems. Collapse

Topics: digital twin robotic production management augmented reality smart device

Methods: case study literature study literature sample

Direct and Indirect Spillovers from Content Providers’ Switching: Evidence from Online Livestreaming

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Zhao, Keran; Lu, Yingda; Hu, Yuheng; Hong, Yili

Abstract: Content providers in online social media platforms, particularly livestreaming, ... Expand

Abstract: Content providers in online social media platforms, particularly livestreaming, often switch content categories. Despite its uniqueness and importance, there is a dearth of academic research examining the unintended effects of providers’ content switching. We study the direct and indirect spillover effects of content switching for livestreamers—individuals who broadcast content through livestreaming platforms. We propose a framework based on theories related to viewer flow and network effects to conceptualize the direct and indirect spillover effects of entrant streamers’ content switching on the incumbent streamers. Contrary to conventional wisdom, which concerns the negative effects on the incumbent’s viewership, we propose two positive spillover effects that are unique to the social media platform setting: (a) the entrant streamers do not just increase competition among streamers, but they also bring their own viewers to the new category, which benefits the incumbent streamers because of a streaming flow effect (direct spillover), and (b) the entrant streamers influence incumbent streamers’ viewer size by boosting category visibility through indirect network effects (indirect spillover). We also propose that the two spillover effects are contingent on the size of the entrant streamers’ follower base. Based on a unique observational data set from the leading livestreaming platform (Twitch.tv), particularly with viewer flow data at the streamer–session level, we first estimate that average content switching is associated with a 1.3% net increase in direct net viewer flow from the entrant to an incumbent. And this direct spillover effect is attenuated by the size of the entrant streamers’ follower base. We also estimate that average content switching is associated with a 2.6% net increase in (indirect) net viewer flow from outside categories to an incumbent streamer. And this indirect spillover effect is reinforced by the entrant streamers’ follower base size. This study contributes to the emerging literature on the dynamics of content creation on social media platforms in the emerging context of livestreaming. We discuss the managerial implications of this study for streaming strategies and platform management.History: Yulin Fang, Senior Editor; Xitong Li, Associate Editor. Collapse

Topics: live streaming platform network effect Twitch social media blog

Methods: hierarchical linear modeling conceptual modelling robustness check longitudinal research statistical hypothesis test

A Conceptualisation of Crowd Knowledge

2022 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Blesik, Till; Bick, Markus; Kummer, Tyge-F.

Abstract: Propelled by digitalisation, crowd knowledge (CK) has gained popularity alongsid ... Expand

Abstract: Propelled by digitalisation, crowd knowledge (CK) has gained popularity alongside a plurality of related crowd-based concepts (crowdsourcing, wisdom of crowds and collective intelligence), resulting in an inconsistent understanding of the terms and their application. Based on a structured literature review, we conceptualise CK and develop a formal definition, which is then evaluated using knowledge artefacts on different crowd-related platforms and differentiation criteria in relation to participants, context, purpose and process. The paper posits that CK is conceptually different from related concepts, due to its dynamic nature and its instantiation in the form of a CK knowledge artefact which requires a specific context and a unique knowledge-creation process. Furthermore, we discuss how the concept of CK and its associated artefact relates to established knowledge management concepts such as knowledge assets and the flow of CK in the epistemological differentiation of knowledge into tacit and explicit elements. The article contributes to the formal conceptualisation of crowd-based concepts and therefore improves understanding of existing implementations and supports the prudent design of future systems. Collapse

Topics: crowdsourcing knowledge creation knowledge management database system social media

Methods: design artifact structured literature research theoretical contribution literature study longitudinal research

Theories: knowledge management theory

Engineering Trustable and Auditable Choreography-based Systems Using Blockchain

2022 | ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Corradini, Flavio; Marcelletti, Alessandro; Morichetta, Andrea; Polini, Andrea; Re, Barbara; Tiezzi, Francesco

Abstract: A key challenge in engineering distributed systems consists in the integration i ... Expand

Abstract: A key challenge in engineering distributed systems consists in the integration into their development of a decentralised infrastructure allowing the system participants to trust each other. In this article, we face such a challenge by proposing a model-driven methodology and a related framework to support the engineering of trustable and auditable systems. The approach is based on choreography diagrams specified in the Business Process Model and Notation standard, describing the interactions that should occur among the distributed components of systems. We support the whole lifecycle of choreographies, from their modelling to their distributed execution and auditing. The framework, based on blockchain technology, is named ChorChain. More specifically, ChorChain takes as input a BPMN choreography model and automatically translates it into a Solidity smart contract. The smart contract permits us to enforce the interactions among the cooperating components as prescribed by the choreography model. By leveraging on the auditability of blockchain, ChorChain also supports the activity of auditors continuously. In such a way, ChorChain enables auditors to get some degree of assurance on what happens simultaneously with, or shortly after, information disclosure. We assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methodology and framework through experiments conducted on the Rinkeby Ethereum Testnet. Collapse

Topics: blockchain smart contract Ethereum usability supply chain management

Methods: experiment modeling language business process model and notation design artifact survey

Design Principles for Shared Digital Twins in Distributed Systems

2022 | Business & Information Systems Engineering | Citations: 0

Authors: Haße, Hendrik; van der Valk, Hendrik; Möller, Frederik; Otto, Boris

Abstract: Digital Twins offer considerable potential for cross-company networks. Recent re ... Expand

Abstract: Digital Twins offer considerable potential for cross-company networks. Recent research primarily focuses on using Digital Twins within the limits of a single organization. However, Shared Digital Twins extend application boundaries to cross-company utilization through their ability to act as a hub to share data. This results in the need to consider additional design dimensions which help practitioners design Digital Twins tailored for inter-company use. The article addresses precisely that issue as it investigates how Shared Digital Twins should be designed to achieve business success. For this purpose, the article proposes a set of design principles for Shared Digital Twins stemming from a qualitative interview study with 18 industry experts. The interview study is the primary data source for formulating and evaluating the design principles. Collapse

Topics: digital twin production management information system use distributed system knowledge base

Methods: qualitative interview design principle personal interview survey design requirement

Are we contributing? The who, when, where, & what of the Blockchain research landscape

2022 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Honey, Karina; Robb, Alastair; Rohde, Fiona

Abstract: This short paper presents a comprehensive systematic and bibliometric analysis ... Expand

Abstract: This short paper presents a comprehensive systematic and bibliometric analysis of blockchain technology. It extends beyond the information systems field, to include management, finance, economics, and others, to assess the true reach and impact of the technology. We present a summary of the who, when, where, and what of blockchain research. Informed by these findings we continue to explore how researchers are contributing and whether we (as researchers) are indeed advancing and contributing to theory and/or practice. We present some of the early findings and look forward to presenting the completed analysis at the conference. Collapse

Topics: blockchain Bitcoin value creation distributed ledger technology distributed system

Methods: bibliometric analysis literature sample literature study action research qualitative content analysis