Understanding the impact of perceived visual aesthetics on user evaluations: An emotional perspective

2019 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Bhandari, Upasna; Chang, Klarissa; Neben, Tillmann

Abstract: Studies aimed at predicting user judgments have been dominated by the usability ... Expand

Abstract: Studies aimed at predicting user judgments have been dominated by the usability and efficiency perspective. An important assumption of this perspective is that higher order judgments such as quality perception and download intention are mainly cognitive processes. Increasingly, research has shown that this perspective is incapable of fully explaining user judgments. Emerging research posits that emotions and emotional subcomponents that arise from aesthetic-based design factors are at least equally important for understanding how users form higher order judgments such as quality perception and attractiveness. In this article, light is shed on the role of emotions in affecting these judgments. This is performed for the particular case of mobile apps. Specifically, the relationship between various aesthetic subdimensions (classical and expressive) and emotional subcomponents (valence and arousal) is explored. First, an explanatory model from theories of aesthetics, emotions, and visual perception is derived. Second, a laboratory experiment is conducted, and it provides empirical evidence for the relationships between visual aesthetics, emotions, and higher order evaluations such as users' quality perceptions and the intentions to download. Specifically, significant relationships were found between aesthetic subdimensions and valence, whereas arousal was partially significant. Selective emotional subdimensions also significantly impacted quality perceptions, attractiveness, and intention to download. Finally, implications for theory and practice are discussed. Collapse

Topics: mobile application usability user interface decision making user experience

Methods: parametric test repeated measures ANOVA ANOVA multivariate analysis of variance laboratory experiment

Exploiting user experience from online customer reviews for product design

2019 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 7

Authors: Yang, Bai; Liu, Ying; Liang, Yan; Tang, Min

Abstract: Understanding user experience (UX) becomes more important in a market-driven des ... Expand

Abstract: Understanding user experience (UX) becomes more important in a market-driven design paradigm because it helps designers uncover significant factors, such as user’s preference, usage context, product features, as well as their interrelations. Conventional means, such as questionnaire, survey and self-report with predefined questions and prompts, are used to collect information about users’ experience during various UX studies. However, such data is often limited and restricted by initial setups, and they won’t easily allow designers to identify all critical elements such as user profile, context, related product features, etc. Meanwhile, with widely accessible social media, the volume and velocity of customer-generated data are fast-increasing. While it is generally acknowledged that such data contains important elements in understanding and analyzing UX, extracting them to assist product design remains a challenging issue. In this study, how UX data underlying product design can be isolated and restored from customer online reviews is examined. A faceted conceptual model is proposed to elucidate the crucial factors of UX, which serves as an operational mechanism connecting to product design. A methodology of establishing a UX knowledge base from customer online reviews is then proposed to support UX-centered design activities, which consists of three stages, i.e., UX discovery to extract UX data from a single review, UX data integration to group similar data and UX network formalization to build up the causal dependencies among UX groups. Using a case study on smart mobile phone reviews, examples of UX data discovered are demonstrated and both customers and designers concerned key product features and usage situations are exemplified. This study explores the feasibility to discover valuable UX data as well as their relations automatically for product design and business strategic plan by analyzing a large volume of customer online data. Collapse

Topics: online review knowledge base smartphone YouTube mobile phone

Methods: case study computational algorithm experiment semi-supervised learning product review

Intrapersonal Emotional Responses to the Inquiry and Advocacy Modes of Interaction: A Psychophysiological Study

2018 | Group Decision and Negotiation | Citations: 0

Authors: Leppänen, Ilkka; Hämäläinen, Raimo P.; Saarinen, Esa; Viinikainen, Mikko

Abstract: In negotiations and group decision making we can use two characteristically diff ... Expand

Abstract: In negotiations and group decision making we can use two characteristically different interaction modes: inquiry and advocacy. Inquiry refers to an interested and explorative interaction mode, and advocacy to an assertive and narrow mode. Although these modes have been studied in organizational behavior literature, the intrapersonal emotional responses to the inquiry and advocacy modes remain yet unexplored. We explored intrapersonal emotions by facial electromyography and skin conductance responses and by emotional empathy self-reports. The subjects were prompted to adopt the two modes in hypothetical encounters with another person. We found that Duchenne smiles were specific to the inquiry mode, that emotional arousal showed specificity to the expressions, and that emotional empathy predicts expressiveness in the inquiry treatment. We discuss the implications of these results to the use of the interaction modes and the related possibilities of influencing group interaction by influencing one’s own internal emotional state in group decisions. Collapse

Topics: missing data

Methods: experiment survey self reported survey electrodermal activity facial electromyography

How users perceive and respond to security messages: a NeuroIS research agenda and empirical study

2016 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 50

Authors: Anderson, Bonnie Brinton; Vance, Anthony; Kirwan, C. Brock; Eargle, David; Jenkins, Jeffrey L.

Abstract: Users are vital to the information security of organizations. In spite of techni ... Expand

Abstract: Users are vital to the information security of organizations. In spite of technical safeguards, users make many critical security decisions. An example is users’ responses to security messages – discrete communication designed to persuade users to either impair or improve their security status. Research shows that although users are highly susceptible to malicious messages (e.g., phishing attacks), they are highly resistant to protective messages such as security warnings. Research is therefore needed to better understand how users perceive and respond to security messages. In this article, we argue for the potential of NeuroIS – cognitive neuroscience applied to Information Systems – to shed new light on users’ reception of security messages in the areas of (1) habituation, (2) stress, (3) fear, and (4) dual-task interference. We present an illustrative study that shows the value of using NeuroIS to investigate one of our research questions. This example uses eye tracking to gain unique insight into how habituation occurs when people repeatedly view security messages, allowing us to design more effective security messages. Our results indicate that the eye movement-based memory (EMM) effect is a cause of habituation to security messages – a phenomenon in which people unconsciously scrutinize stimuli that they have previously seen less than other stimuli. We show that after only a few exposures to a warning, this neural aspect of habituation sets in rapidly, and continues with further repetitions. We also created a polymorphic warning that continually updates its appearance and found that it is effective in substantially reducing the rate of habituation as measured by the EMM effect. Our research agenda and empirical example demonstrate the promise of using NeuroIS to gain novel insight into users’ responses to security messages that will encourage more secure user behaviors and facilitate more effective security message designs. Collapse

Topics: IT security threat usability technostress data security human computer interaction

Methods: NeuroIS oculometry experiment neurophysiology functional magnetic resonance imaging

Theories: behavioral theory

Follow Your Heart or Mind? Measuring Neurophysiological Responses and Subjective Judgments for Visual Aesthetics

2015 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Bhandari, Upasna; Chua, Wen Yong; Chang, Klarissa; Neben, Tillmann

Abstract: This research-in-progress explores measurement of affective responses to visual ... Expand

Abstract: This research-in-progress explores measurement of affective responses to visual stimuli by two methods: objective neurophysiological measures (galvanic skin conductance and facial electromyography) and subjective psychometric measures (self-report using survey). We aim to argue that neurophysiological measures can supplement traditional measures to capture effectively emotional responses to aesthetically manipulated visual design interfaces. Besides that, we also establish links between emotional responses: valence and arousal and aesthetics: classical and expressive to better understand the impact on design parameters on subconscious information processing. Collapse

Topics: mobile system systems design mobile application information system use

Methods: electrodermal activity neurophysiology facial electromyography psychometrics self reported survey

Ad Intrusiveness, Loss of Control, and Stress: A Psychophysiological Study

2015 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 3

Authors: Neben, Tillmann; Schneider, Christoph

Abstract: As Internet advertising has become increasingly important in supporting free con ... Expand

Abstract: As Internet advertising has become increasingly important in supporting free content, advertisers are trying to find novel ad formats (such as timed pop-up ads) to compete for users’ attention. Thus, it is becoming increasingly important to understand the effects of advertising characteristics on users’ emotions. To this end, we examine the effects of the ad characteristics perceptual salience and interference with user control on users’ perceived attentional and behavioral control, attentional and behavioral intrusiveness, and ultimately, stress. In this paper, we propose a theoretical model and report the results of a preliminary study that triangulates self-report measures with objective measures of psychophysiological activation. Preliminary data from a study using 36 participants indicates that the ad characteristics perceptual salience and interference with user control influence users’ perceived attentional and behavioral control. Preliminary analysis of facial electromyography data also suggests an influence of ad characteristics on affective responses. Collapse

Topics: website usability human computer interaction IT work website design

Methods: self reported survey biometric measurement experiment electrodermal activity longitudinal research

Theories: reactance theory

A Model of Defensive Information Avoidance in Information Systems Use

2015 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Neben, Tillmann

Abstract: This paper looks at defensive information avoidance: the phenomenon that users a ... Expand

Abstract: This paper looks at defensive information avoidance: the phenomenon that users avoid decision-relevant but incongruent information. Since only utilized information can contribute to better decision-making, the phenomenon of information avoidance is of great relevance to the information systems discipline. This paper contributes the first coherent conceptualization of information avoidance behavior by synthesizing scattered but related definitions. Building on this, it proposes a theoretical model and explains how encountering decision-relevant but incongruent information relates to different avoidance behaviors. In particular, it helps to understand yet unexplained IS use phenomena, where encountering incongruent information – paradoxically – leads to a higher information exposure but a decreased information absorption and use. The paper contributes methodologically by proposing a series of neurophysiological measures for testing the explanatory model. It derives and discusses two experimental paradigms from experimental psychology for testing the hypothesized effects. Collapse

Topics: information system use

Methods: experiment neurophysiology oculometry facial electromyography electrodermal activity

Theories: psychological theory

Guidelines for Neuroscience Studies in Information Systems Research

2014 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 23

Authors: Brocke, Jan vom; Liang, Ting-Peng

Abstract: Neuroscience provides a new lens through which to study information systems (IS) ... Expand

Abstract: Neuroscience provides a new lens through which to study information systems (IS). These NeuroIS studies investigate the neurophysiological effects related to the design, use, and impact of IS. A major advantage of this new methodology is its ability to examine human behavior at the underlying neurophysiological level, which was not possible before, and to reduce self-reporting bias in behavior research. Previous studies that have revisited important IS concepts such as trust and distrust have challenged and extended our knowledge. An increasing number of neuroscience studies in IS have given researchers, editors, reviewers, and readers new challenges in terms of determining what makes a good NeuroIS study. While earlier papers focused on how to apply specific methods (e.g., functional magnetic resonance imaging), this paper takes an IS perspective in deriving six phases for conducting NeuroIS research and offers five guidelines for planning and evaluating NeuroIS studies: to advance IS research, to apply the standards of neuroscience, to justify the choice of a neuroscience strategy of inquiry, to map IS concepts to bio-data, and to relate the experimental setting to IS-authentic situations. The guidelines provide guidance for authors, reviewers, and readers of NeuroIS studies, and thus help to capitalize on the potential of neuroscience in IS research. Collapse

Topics: systems design technology adoption evaluation criteria IS discipline

Methods: NeuroIS neurophysiology triangulation experiment electroencephalography

Theories: information systems theory neuroscience theory

Putting on the Thinking Cap: Using NeuroIS to Understand Information Processing Biases in Virtual Teams

2014 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 47

Authors: Minas, Randall K.; Potter, Robert F.; Dennis, Alan R.; Bartelt, Valerie; Bae, Soyoung

Abstract: Virtual teams are increasingly common in today's organizations, yet they often m ... Expand

Abstract: Virtual teams are increasingly common in today's organizations, yet they often make poor decisions. Teams that interact using text-based collaboration technology typically exchange more information than when they perform the same task face-to-face, but past results suggest that team members are more likely to ignore information they receive from others. Collaboration technology makes unique demands on individual cognitive resources that may change how individual team members process information in virtual settings compared to face-to-face settings. This experiment uses electroencephalography, electrodermal activity, and facial electromyography to investigate how team members process information received from text-based collaboration during a team decision-making process. Our findings show that information that challenges an individual's prediscussion decision preference is processed similarly to irrelevant information, while information that supports an individual's prediscussion decision preference is processed more thoroughly. Our results present neurological evidence for the underlying processes of confirmation bias in information processing during online team discussions. Collapse

Topics: virtual teamwork decision making IT supported collaboration information overload information exchange

Methods: electrodermal activity experiment NeuroIS parametric test survey