Engaging with self-tracking applications: how do users respond to their performance data?

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Constantiou, Ioanna; Mukkamala, Alivelu; Sjöklint, Mimmi; Trier, Matthias

Abstract: Self-tracking devices and applications have become popular in recent years and c ... Expand

Abstract: Self-tracking devices and applications have become popular in recent years and changed user behaviour. Previous research has primarily focused on the adoption of self-tracking devices and their effects on self-assessment. As adoption increases, user engagement becomes prominent for the continuous use of the devices and the applications. In this study, we focus on user engagement with activity tracking applications, e.g., Fitbit Flex and Jawbone Up that offer data on user performance. We collected data from semi-structured interviews with 54 participants. We propose a process model comprising four stages which involve distinct user interactions with data: review, react, reflect, and respond. We advance research in this domain by the proposed process model that explicates user engagement in two cases: when the user encounters satisfactory or unsatisfactory results. In the latter case, we depict four response tactics when users are confronted with unsatisfactory results. Collapse

Topics: smart wearable device mobile system fitness tracker user behavior marketing management

Methods: wearables based research business process modeling qualitative interview archival research longitudinal research

SLEEP TRACKING AS A STRESSOR: EXPERIENCES FROM SMART RING USERS

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Feng, Shan; Mäntymäki, Matti; Salmela, Hannu

Abstract: This study explores the stress that users attribute to sleep tracking with a sm ... Expand

Abstract: This study explores the stress that users attribute to sleep tracking with a smart ring. Prior research has discussed the challenges and barriers related to sleep-tracking technologies, but specific research on the stress caused by these technologies is scarce. This study explores the potential stressors that users attribute to sleep tracking executed via a smart ring. We conducted 38 semi-structured interviews and used thematic analysis to identify eight potential stressors from sleep tracking: complexity, invasion, inaccuracy, unreliability, data-perception discrepancy, pursuit of perfect data, vague guidance and interpretations, and overload with multiple self-tracking technologies. We further theorize these potential stressors using the person-technology fit model. The paper contributes to the nascent Information Systems research on technostress in the context of sleep tracking. Collapse

Topics: technostress website smart wearable device smart watch smartphone

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative content analysis theory development personal interview wearables based research

Interpretable machine learning-based approach for customer segmentation for new product development from online product reviews

2023 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Joung, Junegak; Kim, Harrison

Abstract: For new product development, previous segmentation methods based on demographic, ... Expand

Abstract: For new product development, previous segmentation methods based on demographic, psychographic, and purchase behavior information cannot identify a group of customers with unsatisfied needs. Moreover, seg­ mentation is limited to sales promotions in marketing. Although needs-based segmentation considering customer sentiments on product features can be conducted to develop a new product concept, it cannot identify com­ monalities among customers owing to their diverse preferences. Therefore, this paper proposes an interpretable machine learning-based approach for customer segmentation for new product development based on the importance of product features from online product reviews. The technical challenges of determining the importance of product features in each review are identifying and interpreting the nonlinear relations between satisfaction with product features and overall customer satisfaction. In this study, interpretable machine learning is used to identify these nonlinear relations with high performance and transparency. A case study on a wearable device is conducted to validate the proposed approach. Customer segmentation using the proposed approach based on importance is compared with that employing a previous approach based on sentiments. The results show that the proposed approach presents a higher clustering performance than the previous approach and offers opportunities to identify new product concepts. Collapse

Topics: online review shapley additive explanation customer satisfaction new product development Python

Methods: cluster analysis machine learning sentiment analysis case study word2vec

Theories: game theory

Understanding the Association between Star Ratings and Review Helpfulness: The Perspectives of Expectation Confirmation Theory and Negativity Bias

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Son, Jaebong; Lee, Gunwoong

Abstract: Consisting of textual, multimedia, and numerical information elements, online co ... Expand

Abstract: Consisting of textual, multimedia, and numerical information elements, online consumer reviews (OCR) have been considered an essential information source of products for prospective consumers. Researchers have made significant efforts to comprehend how these information elements are associated with OCRs’ information value or helpfulness. However, there is a paucity of theoretical evidence on consumers’ perception and evaluation of star ratings and their information, even though star ratings as numerical information cues can imply multiple meanings. In this study, we leverage (1) expectation-confirmation theory to delineate star ratings as the extent of consumer satisfaction and (2) negativity bias to explain the relationship between star ratings and helpfulness. Using 45,621 reviews of 20 products across three categories, we empirically find that our theoretical approaches improve our understanding of the effect of star ratings on helpfulness. Therefore, this study contributes to the extant literature on OCRs by providing the theory-based evaluation of star ratings in relation to helpfulness. Collapse

Topics: mobile system fitness tracker electronic commerce

Methods: statistical hypothesis test sentiment analysis regression analysis method ordinary least square theory development

Theories: expectation confirmation theory

Compete with Me? The Impact of Online Gamified Competition on Exercise Behavior

2023 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Yang, Yang; Goh, Khim; Teo, Hock Hai; Tan, Sharon

Abstract: Online gamified competition utilizes competition as a core gamification design ... Expand

Abstract: Online gamified competition utilizes competition as a core gamification design element with affordances from wearables and mobile applications to track competitive activities and visualize information in an integrated way to shape users' exercise behaviors. However, a clear understanding of how online gamified competition cultivates exercise behaviors in different types of individuals is still lacking. We take into account the individual differences in exercise behaviors and categorize exercisers into three groups (active, moderate, and inactive) based on an adapted recency, frequency, and monetary value framework using key exercise behavior metrics. Theorizing online gamified competition as a means of social and temporal self-comparison, we examine the effect of performance feedback from two distinct modes of comparison (performance rankings and performance gap), and participants' relationships with their social comparison referents (i.e., rivalry intensity), on the exercise behaviors of different exerciser groups. Our results reveal that online gamified competition has differential effects on exercise behaviors across different exerciser groups. Specifically, we find that positive performance improvements are more motivational for active and moderate exercisers, while performance deterioration relative to historical exercise performance level is more discouraging for inactive exercisers. Performance rankings exhibit a more salient effect for moderate and inactive exercisers, and rivalry intensity has a stronger positive effect on active exercisers' exercise behavior. The strengthening effect of awareness affordances in mobile fitness apps is more notable with regard to the impact of rivalry intensity on moderate and inactive exercisers. We derive theoretical and practical implications of gamified information systems that use competition as a core design element for shaping the exercise behavior of individuals in different exerciser groups. Collapse

Topics: fitness tracker mobile fitness app mobile system gamification smart wearable device

Methods: theory development cluster analysis k-means clustering descriptive statistic design principle

Theories: social comparison theory theory of economic development

Explaining the Outcomes of Social Gamification: A Longitudinal Field Experiment

2023 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 1

Authors: Zhang, Jun; Jiang, Qiqi; Zhang, Wenping; Kang, Lele; Lowry, Paul Benjamin; Zhang, Xiong

Abstract: Social gamification, which allows technology users to interact with each other i ... Expand

Abstract: Social gamification, which allows technology users to interact with each other in gamified tasks, has drawn increasing interest due to its effectiveness in facilitating users' game engagement and task efforts. In social gamification, users can compete or cooperate with other users or teams to complete game tasks and achieve game goals. However, it remains unclear how various social interaction mechanisms (SIMs), such as cooperation, interpersonal competition, and intergroup competition, influence gamification outcomes when they are separately or jointly implemented. In addition, the effects of SIMs on experiential and instrumental gamification outcomes have not been well differentiated. In this study, we systematically investigate the influences of these fundamental SIMs, as well as the possible interaction effects among them, on fitness app users' game engagement and fitness behavior. Using a fitness app custom-developed for the Chinese market, Fitness Castle, we conducted a longitudinal field experiment to test our proposed model and hypotheses. The results indicate that when separately implemented, cooperation and interpersonal competition can lead to differential instrumental gamification outcomes in the fitness context. We also systematically compare the differential gamification outcomes when cooperation, interpersonal competition, and intergroup competition are combined in various coopetition settings. Our study offers a theory-based framework and design principles for social gamification. Our findings help practitioners better design SIMs in their gamified technologies with the purpose of achieving optimal experiential and instrumental gamification outcomes simultaneously. Collapse

Topics: gamification mobile application pandemic geographic information system electronic mail

Methods: field experiment experimental group longitudinal research design artifact survey

Satisfaction to Stay, Regret to Switch: Understanding Post-adoption Regret in Choosing Competing Technologies When Herding

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Zou, Haiyun (Melody); Sun, Heshan; Fang, Yulin

Abstract: Faced with uncertainty when choosing among a wide range of similar competing tec ... Expand

Abstract: Faced with uncertainty when choosing among a wide range of similar competing technologies, users often take a herding in technology adoption (HTA) strategy to make heuristic adoption decisions. The HTA strategy brings users cost and time savings and casts doubt on user staying power. The extant adoption research has long focused on user satisfaction with the performance of the chosen technology (also known as the expectation-disconfirmation theory perspective) but does not sufficiently account for the consideration of the decision process across competing alternatives. To fill this void, this research uses a holistic post-adoptive evaluation by introducing a regret perspective in relation to competing technologies. Specifically, we theorize and operationalize a new multidimensional construct of post-adoption regret and construct a research model to examine how HTA leads to post-adoption regret and how such regret influences user staying power. The results suggest that post-adoption regret is formed primarily through two routes, outcome and process, and it is found to be more related to user switching, whereas satisfaction is related to user retention. The research model is supported by two longitudinal field studies of users in Asia and Europe who chose between competing technologies in both forms of free software and paid hardware. Findings from this research have significant implications for information systems research and industry practice. History: Paul Pavlou, Senior Editor; Paul Pavlou, Associate Editor. Funding: This project received support from the Institutional Research Support Fund of the University of Warwick. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2022.1188. Collapse

Topics: IT productivity wiki technology adoption Google+ smart wearable device

Methods: survey theory development mediation analysis post-hoc analysis survey design

An empirical investigation of users’ willingness to disclose personal health information in the context of wearable fitness devices

2022 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Amin, M A Shariful; Kumar, Abhijeet; Johnson, Vess; Prybutok, Victor

Abstract: Wearable fitness device (WFD) has the capability to promote individuals' a heal ... Expand

Abstract: Wearable fitness device (WFD) has the capability to promote individuals' a healthy lifestyle because of realtime data monitoring capabilities. However, fitness device usability is a critical factor that determines whether users will be willing to disclose personal or health-related information on a large scale. The usability studies on WFDs are still limited in information systems (IS) literature. Therefore, this study investigates individuals' willingness to disclose personal health information to use WFDs, in the light of the theory of planned behavior and the health beliefs model. This study will help to "develop" a new perspective and a deeper understanding of factors influencing disclosing personal health information to use WFDs. Research data will be collected from M-Turk and the target population will be aged 18+ (years of age) and have experience in using WFDs. The results of this study will have significant implications for both IS researchers and IT managers. KeywordsWearable fitness devices (WFDs), Personal health information (PHI), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Health Belief Model (HBM). Collapse

Topics: healthcare data smart wearable device smart watch pandemic fitness tracker

Methods: survey design survey

Theories: theory of planned behavior

Drivers and Challenges of Wearable Devices Use: Content Analysis of Online Users Reviews

2022 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Elnoshokaty, Ahmed; El-Gayar, Omar; Wahbeh, Abdullah; Al-Ramahi, Mohammad; Nasralah, Tareq

Abstract: With recent advancements in wearable device technologies, there is still a need ... Expand

Abstract: With recent advancements in wearable device technologies, there is still a need to investigate drivers and challenges associated with the use of these devices. Following a content analysis approach, this study leverages recent "found large-scale" data to better understand the drivers and challenges that affect the adoption and use of such devices. Analyzing a total of 16,717 online reviews about wearable devices, the findings emphasized the importance of various functionalities (perceived usefulness), appeal, and a number of device design features as the most prominent drivers, while concerns about quality, credibility, and perceived value as potential challenges to wearable adoption and continued use. The findings could inform theoretical models for technology adoption and continued use and can also provide guidance to the design and development of wearable devices. Collapse

Topics: smart wearable device online review perceived usefulness mobile system ease of use

Methods: qualitative coding qualitative content analysis computational algorithm survey qualitative interview

Theories: unified theory of acceptance and use of technology

Little rewards, big changes: Using exercise analytics to motivate sustainable changes in physical activity

2022 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Plangger, Kirk; Campbell, Colin; Robson, Karen; Montecchi, Matteo

Abstract: Even using simple techniques like taking the stairs, many individuals struggle t ... Expand

Abstract: Even using simple techniques like taking the stairs, many individuals struggle to maintain the motivation to be physically active. Health gamification systems can aid this goal by providing points earned through exercise that are redeemable for tangible extrinsic rewards. Using self-determination theory, we conduct research on one such system and investigate rewards’ effectiveness to promote exercise considering reward value, redemption fre­ quency patterns, and fitness levels. We find that rewards do significantly increase activity levels, and this effect is larger for advanced users who redeem multiple times for higher value rewards. We close by offering future research avenues and advice to optimize reward portfolios. Collapse

Topics: gamification user behavior user requirement user interface usability

Methods: parametric test ANOVA descriptive statistic theoretical contribution design science

Theories: self determination theory