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The Past Decade View of the IS Workforce and Gender Literature: A Systematic Review
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2022 | HICSS | Citations: 0
Authors: Noteboom, Cherie; Chad, Fenner; Crandall, Kalee; Crandall, Kodey

Abstract: Due to the demand of Information Systems (IS) professionals, gender in the IS wo ... Expand

Abstract: Due to the demand of Information Systems (IS) professionals, gender in the IS workforce (ISWF) has been a continuing research topic. Despite these efforts, there remains a need for a greater understanding of gender theory and an individual’s decision to pursue, succeed, and obtain promotion within the IS workforce. This research uses a systematic literature review process to critically examine the research from the last decade on gender and the ISWF. A conceptual model, ISWF Multi-Factor Model, is introduced combining IS and vocational guidance theories to categorize the focus of research identified in the systematic literature review into four areas: Individual, Workforce, Individual Influences, and Environmental Influences. The findings of this study outline the current state of gender and ISWF research and are relevant to research and practice. Collapse

Semantic filters: gender theory

Topics: IT workforce IT career information system use decision making

Methods: conceptual modelling structured literature research literature sample synthesis theory development

Theories: gender theory information systems theory
Toward a Joint Theory on Social Identity and Individual Differences of Gender and IT: The Case of 'Women in Blockchain'

2020 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Ostern, Nadine

Abstract: Given the persistent prevalence of gender imbalances in the IT profession, IS r ... Expand

Abstract: Given the persistent prevalence of gender imbalances in the IT profession, IS researchers developed numerous theories that attempt to explain women's decisions to pursue or to refrain from pursuing a career in IT. Those theories were recently criticized for still not being able to solve the problem of gender imbalances through interventions that are effective in the long-run. This criticism seems all the more important considering that gender inequality is even more serious in some sub-sections of IT than in others, for which one example is blockchain. We use an appreciative interview approach, focussing on the lived experiences of women working on blockchain, to explore factors that foster or constrain women's decisions to work in the field of blockchain, thereby extending existing IS gender theories. Based on the analysis of thirty-eight appreciative interviews, we successively develop a combined model of social identity and individual difference theory of gender and IT (IDT), which is expected to capture more factors influencing women's decisions than IDT alone. Particularly to be emphasized is the ability of the combined model to explain within-and out-group dynamics and the salience of social and role identity that are currently under-researched in gender-related IS research. Collapse

Semantic filters: gender theory

Topics: blockchain social identity IT career IT workforce LinkedIn

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative content analysis qualitative coding theoretical contribution theory development

Theories: social identity theory gender theory theory of social shaping of technology difference theory
Gender Differences in Pay Levels: An Examination of the Compensation of University Presidents
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2019 | Organization Science | Citations: 0
Authors: Blevins, Dane P.; Sauerwald, Steve; Hoobler, Jenny M.; Robertson, Christopher J.

Abstract: Our paper studies how gender and organizational status affect a university presi ... Expand

Abstract: Our paper studies how gender and organizational status affect a university president’s compensation. Similar to previous findings, we hypothesize that women will receive less pay than men. However, we go beyond a dyadic view of individual differences to examine gender’s impact on compensation, and we explicate the importance of institutional forces in understanding the gender pay gap. In doing so, we rely on organizational status and hypothesize that the gender pay gap will be less pronounced as a university’s status rises. Although we find that the gender pay gap persists within the university president context, we also find that as a university’s status rises, the pay gap declines. Moreover, our findings show that the gender pay gap disappears at higher-status universities. Hence, accounting for where the glass ceiling is broken is an important consideration in understanding the gender pay gap. In sum, by integrating a broader institutional perspective to explain gender differences in pay levels, our paper demonstrates the importance of contextualizing gender to better understand its effects on compensation. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2018.1266. Collapse

Semantic filters: gender theory

Topics: accounting organizational control missing data organizational productivity human resource management

Methods: longitudinal research regression analysis method robustness check theory development Student's t-test

Theories: gender theory
Improving the retention of women in the IT workforce: An investigation of gender diversity interventions in the USA
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2018 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 53
Authors: Annabi, Hala; Lebovitz, Sarah

Abstract: To meet the high demand for information technology (IT) professionals, organizat ... Expand

Abstract: To meet the high demand for information technology (IT) professionals, organizations must become more effective at attracting and retaining women. Ninety-seven percent of companies surveyed by Forbes in 2011 had implemented diversity and inclusion interventions. Despite these efforts, the percentage of women working in IT continues to decline, raising questions about the effectiveness of current organizational interventions aimed at increasing gender diversity. This study sought to gain a better understanding of these organizational interventions by developing a comprehensive framework based on comparative case studies of 9 organizations. The framework integrates intervention characteristics and barriers IT women experience and the coping methods they use to address barriers. This paper presents propositions based on this theoretical framework to guide further research on the effectiveness of gender diversity and inclusion interventions in IT. Collapse

Semantic filters: gender theory

Topics: IT career organization structure information system use organizational culture corporate social responsibility

Methods: qualitative interview case study multiple case study literature study qualitative content analysis

Theories: gender theory
Are Women Affinity Groups Enough to Solve the Retention Problem of Women in the IT Workforce?

2018 | HICSS | Citations: 0
Authors: Annabi, Hala; Tari, Mina

Abstract: Women Affinity Groups (WAGs) are the most prevalent diversity and inclusion (D&I ... Expand

Abstract: Women Affinity Groups (WAGs) are the most prevalent diversity and inclusion (D&I) intervention method utilized in the Information Technology industry (IT) to improve the participation of women. Ninety three percent of organizations surveyed in the Mercer Global Equality report indicated having WAGs and relying on them to carry out D&I goals. Like many other D&I interventions, the effectiveness of WAGs has not previously been examined. As the IT field continues to invest in programs such as WAGs to improve the participation of women in its workforce, it is pertinent to assess the D&I interventions deployed in order to ensure their effectiveness. This paper utilizes the “Organizational Interventions Mitigating Individual Barriers” framework which examines the characteristics of WAGs in order to determine their potential opportunities and limitations to enhance participation of women in IT. Collapse

Semantic filters: gender theory

Topics: organizational culture

Methods: conceptual analysis literature study

Theories: gender theory
Why men and women continue to use social networking sites: The role of gender differences
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2017 | Journal of Strategic Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Krasnova, Hanna; Veltri, Natasha F.; Eling, Nicole; Buxmann, Peter

Abstract: Organizations increasingly use social media and especially social networking sit ... Expand

Abstract: Organizations increasingly use social media and especially social networking sites (SNS) to support their marketing agenda, enhance collaboration, and develop new capabilities. However, the success of SNS initiatives is largely dependent on sustainable user participation. In this study, we argue that the continuance intentions of users may be gender-sensitive. To theorize and investigate gender differences in the determinants of continuance intentions, this study draws on the expectation-confirmation model, the uses and gratification theory, as well as the self-construal theory and its extensions. Our survey of 488 users shows that while both men and women are motivated by the ability to self-enhance, there are some gender differences. Specifically, while women are mainly driven by relational uses, such as maintaining close ties and getting access to social information on close and distant networks, men base their continuance intentions on their ability to gain information of a general nature. Our research makes several contributions to the discourse in strategic information systems literature concerning the use of social media by individuals and organizations. Theoretically, it expands the understanding of the phenomenon of continuance intentions and specifically the role of the gender differences in its determinants. On a practical level, it delivers insights for SNS providers and marketers into how satisfaction and continuance intentions of male and female SNS users can be differentially promoted. Furthermore, as organizations increasingly rely on corporate social networks to foster collaboration and innovation, our insights deliver initial recommendations on how organizational social media initiatives can be supported with regard to gender-based differences. Collapse

Semantic filters: gender theory

Topics: Facebook social media social network strategic information system information system use

Methods: survey partial least squares regression theory development computational algorithm PLS tool

Theories: self construal theory uses and gratification theory expectation confirmation theory gender theory theory of affordance
Gender Differences in Enterprise Social Network Usage and Transformation over Time

2017 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 3
Authors: Schneider, Johannes; Meske, Christian

Abstract: Digital social networks play an increasingly important role in organizations. Su ... Expand

Abstract: Digital social networks play an increasingly important role in organizations. Such enterprise social networks (ESN) allow users to form and join groups and the exchange of messages within or across such groups. ESN are said to improve communication and collaboration across boundaries, therefore increasing the flow of information, exchange of knowledge and establishment of social capital. In this paper, we investigate ESN and gender. For male and female ESN users, we analyze differences in terms of general activity, cross-gender interaction, communication style and network structure. We provide evidence of our research in progress using more than 107,000 messages posted by more than 7,000 users across over 650 groups on an ESN. We show results that indicate existing gender differences, e.g. in terms of language style and network structure, and describe the next steps to analyze cross-gender interaction and communication over time. Collapse

Semantic filters: gender theory

Topics: social capital Facebook online community enterprise social network Twitter

Methods: qualitative content analysis parametric test one sample t-test Student's t-test literature study

Theories: gender theory
The Influence of Gender-Ethnic Intersectionality on Gender Stereotypes About IT Skills and Knowledge
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2016 | ACM SIGMIS Database | Citations: 0
Authors: Trauth, Eileen M.; Cain, Curtis C.; Joshi, K.D.; Kvasny, Lynette; Booth, Kayla M.

Abstract: One line of investigation in attempting to better understand the gender imbalanc ... Expand

Abstract: One line of investigation in attempting to better understand the gender imbalance in the information technology (IT) field is to examine gender stereotypes about the skills and knowledge in the IT profession. A survey of 4046 university students in the United States was conducted to examine gender stereotypes held by contemporary university students (White, Black and Latino men and women) about the skills and knowledge in the IT profession. The Individual Differences Theory of Gender and IT was used as the motivating theory for this study because it enabled the incorporation of gender-ethnic intersectionality in the research design. The results revealed that while gender stereotypes about the skills and knowledge involved in the IT profession do exist, they are not uniform across all members of a gender group. The men tended to rate all of the skills as more masculine than did the women respondents. Technical skills were more consistently stereotyped by both men and women in each of the gender-ethnic groups than were nontechnical skills. However, gender stereotypes about nontechnical skills were more contested and revealed both within-gender and within-ethnicity variation. The women students' rating of nontechnical skills as less masculine than the men suggests that these nontechnical skills are being incorporated into the women's sense of gender identity. These results show that gender-ethnic intersectionality provides one important explanation for within-gender variation in gender stereotypes that are held by contemporary university students. These findings suggest promising avenues for interventions to address not only the masculine gender stereotyping of skills in the IT profession, but also differential gender stereotyping of technical vs. nontechnical skills and variation in gender stereotyping by the intersectionality of gender-ethnic groups. Collapse

Semantic filters: gender theory

Topics: IT skill IT workforce IT career social media IT job

Methods: parametric test ANOVA post-hoc analysis survey theory development

Theories: individual differences theory of gender gender theory
Inclusive Design in IS: Why Diversity Matters
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2015 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 29
Authors: Olbrich, Sebastian; Trauth, Eileen M.; Niedermann, Fred; Gregor, Shirley

Abstract: After decades of research and ambitious political programs, we still observe imb ... Expand

Abstract: After decades of research and ambitious political programs, we still observe imbalances in the treatment of people on the basis of gender, age, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion, disability, and social background. Such an issue raises questions about the degree to which information systems can help to overcome such imbalance; for instance, if design principles can be formalized to reshape information systems’ design into a different, more-inclusive direction. We contend that IS falls short in tackling this issue. We took the theme of ICIS 2013 (“reshaping society through information systems”) as an opportunity to reflect on the multiple aspects of social inclusion in the design and the resulting shape of information systems via a panel discussion. The fruitful discussion during the panel delivered more in-depth results than merely advocating a stance for more diversity in the IS workforce. Building on the principles of design science, we believe that our field can help reshape the digital economy. As a key takeaway, the panel and additional points added in this paper in the light of discussion at ICIS 2013 provide guidance on the impact of gender in IS theorizing as a demonstration example and reflect on the trend towards social design in the IS research community. Collapse

Semantic filters: gender theory

Topics: online community Wikipedia IT workforce systems design self efficacy

Methods: design principle design science theory development design artifact

Theories: gender theory
Structuration bridging diffusion of innovations and gender relations theories: a case of paradigmatic pluralism in IS research
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2014 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 7
Authors: Pozzebon, Marlei; Mackrell, Dale; Nielsen, Susan

Abstract: This paper discusses the adoption of a pluralist theoretical framework – one tha ... Expand

Abstract: This paper discusses the adoption of a pluralist theoretical framework – one that is also multiparadigmatic – for conducting and publishing information system (IS) research. The discussion is illustrated by a single case study involving the Australian cotton industry. The theoretical framework is informed by three sociological theories, each with its particular paradigmatic assumptions: structuration theory as a meta-theory, and diffusion of innovations and gender relations as lower-level theories from notionally opposing paradigms. Theoretical pluralism helped to produce rich findings, illuminating both the social nature of women farmers' roles, the materiality of the cotton farming context, the characteristics of the decision support systems in use and the recursive way in which human agency and institutional pressures shape each other. Because users of so-called divergent paradigms often face criticism based on the incommensurability issue, one of the main contributions of this paper is to discuss the value of a pluralist and multiparadigmatic theoretical framework in dealing with complex IS social phenomena. Collapse

Semantic filters: gender theory

Topics: decision support system sensemaking telephone decision making information system use

Methods: single case study qualitative interview theory development case study field study

Theories: social sciences theory structuration theory sociological theory gender theory

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Found 15 articles

The Past Decade View of the IS Workforce and Gender Literature: A Systematic Review

Toward a Joint Theory on Social Identity and Individual Differences of Gender and IT: The Case of 'Women in Blockchain'

Gender Differences in Pay Levels: An Examination of the Compensation of University Presidents

Improving the retention of women in the IT workforce: An investigation of gender diversity interventions in the USA

Are Women Affinity Groups Enough to Solve the Retention Problem of Women in the IT Workforce?

Why men and women continue to use social networking sites: The role of gender differences

Gender Differences in Enterprise Social Network Usage and Transformation over Time

The Influence of Gender-Ethnic Intersectionality on Gender Stereotypes About IT Skills and Knowledge

Inclusive Design in IS: Why Diversity Matters

Structuration bridging diffusion of innovations and gender relations theories: a case of paradigmatic pluralism in IS research