What Disrupts Flow in Office Work? The Impact of Frequency and Relevance of IT-Mediated Interruptions

2023 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 0

Authors: Nadj, Mario; Rissler, Raphael; Adam, Marc; Knierim, Michael; Li, Maximilian; Maedche, Alexander; Riedl, René

Abstract: Flow, the holistic sensation people experience when they act with total involve ... Expand

Abstract: Flow, the holistic sensation people experience when they act with total involvement, is a known driver for desired work outcomes like task performance. However, the increasing ubiquity of IT at work can disrupt employees' flow. Thus, the impact of IT-mediated interruptions on flow warrants more attention in research and practice. We conducted a NeuroIS laboratory experiment focusing on a typical office work task-an invoice matching task (i.e., matching customer payments to invoices). We manipulated interruption frequency (low, high) and content relevance (irrelevant, relevant) to study the impact of interruptions on self-reported flow, its dimensions, and high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV; calculated from electrocardiography recordings) as a proxy for parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activation. We found that content relevance moderated the relationship between interruption frequency and self-reported flow and that these results vary along flow dimensions. Content relevance also moderated the relationship between interruption frequency and PNS activation. Furthermore, selfreported flow was positively associated with both perceived and objective task performance, while PNS Collapse

Topics: task productivity cognitive absorption Python technostress information system use

Methods: electrocardiography NeuroIS multivariate analysis of variance experiment descriptive statistic

Theories: flow theory

Knowledge Management System Use as a Key Driver of Professional and Organizational Cognitive Engagement

2021 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 2

Authors: Iyengar, Kishen; Montealegre, Ramiro

Abstract: This study aims to contribute to the literature on knowledge management systems ... Expand

Abstract: This study aims to contribute to the literature on knowledge management systems (KMS) through investigating the role of engagement as an important intermediary in the relationship between KMS use and outcomes. Building on prior literature, we propose a theoretical model that conceptualizes KMS use as a valuable resource and distinguish between two types of cognitive engagement: professional cognitive engagement and organizational cognitive engagement. These, in turn, mediate the KMS use-job performance and KMS use-organizational commitment relationships. We tested the model on a sample of 3354 real estate agents using an extensive dataset comprised of primary and secondary data. The findings show that KMS use has an impact on individuals' professional and organizational cognitive engagement, which then impacts their job performance and organizational commitment. However, our findings indicate that professional cognitive engagement only partially mediates the relationship between KMS use and job performance. We conclude the paper with a discussion of theoretical contributions and practical implications. Collapse

Topics: task productivity knowledge management system missing data cognitive absorption information system use

Methods: instrumental variables estimation theory development structural equation modeling robustness check survey

Social Media in the Workplace: Influence on Employee Agility and Innovative Behavior

2019 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Bala, Hillol; Massey, Anne P; Seol, Seyoung

Abstract: Despite the increasing adoption of enterprise social media (ESM), little researc ... Expand

Abstract: Despite the increasing adoption of enterprise social media (ESM), little research has examined the link between ESM use and job outcomes. We examine this link, highlighting the role of agility at an individual level. We adopt two measures of use – deep structure use (view, create, and respond) and cognitive absorption use. We develop and operationalize work agility and communication agility as primary benefits of ESM use, which are hypothesized to affect employees' innovative behavior outcomes. Using two waves of surveys from a Fortune 500 company, we found that create and respond were significant for work agility, while create and view were significant for communication agility. Cognitive absorption use influences both work and communication agility. Counter-intuitively, we found a negative effect of communication agility on innovative behavior, while work agility was positive as expected. This research sheds light on the underlying influence mechanism of ESM use from the dual perspective of system use. Collapse

Topics: cognitive absorption information system use social media blog wiki

Methods: survey mediation analysis survey design psychometrics statistical hypothesis test

Theories: social learning theory communication visibility theory

Digital Borders, Location Recognition, and Experience Attribution within a Digital Geography

2019 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 13

Authors: Dunn, Brian Kimball; Ramasubbu, Narayan; Galletta, F. Dennis; Lowry, Paul Benjamin

Abstract: During an online session, a user may visit a number of websites, often following ... Expand

Abstract: During an online session, a user may visit a number of websites, often following hyperlinks from one website to the next or using a search results page to find and visit pages of interest. In doing so, the user can lose track of which sites were visited and which were helpful in meeting the objective. Thus, sites that may have provided value to the user may not receive expected positive effects such as loyalty and intention to return. It is thus crucial to understand if and how an individual website is perceived by users within the context of multi-website online sessions—particularly in predicting desired outcomes, such as user loyalty, trust, brand image, and revisit intentions. To address this problem, we conceptualize the Web as a geography traversed by users who cross digital borders as they move from one website location to another. We introduce the concept of border strength, or the degree to which digital media artifacts mark a transition to a website, and propose a positive effect of border strength on users’ recognition of their locations. We then consider users’ attribution of credit for assistance in successfully completing an online task to those websites and their owners that supported the task. This attribution is a function of border strength and location recognition. We test these hypotheses using experimental data, which show that, indeed, some websites go unrecognized and that stronger borders increase users’ recognition of having visited a website and users’ credit attribution for their experience to the site. Our findings demonstrate the usefulness of the geography metaphor, suggest the need to further study dynamics regarding individual sites within the context of multi-site sessions and show the usefulness of erecting stronger borders to mark the entry into digital locations. Collapse

Topics: website user behavior Microsoft Windows web page accounting

Methods: experiment statistical hypothesis test mediation analysis experimental task survey

Theories: theory of place

A hedonic motivation model in virtual reality tourism: Comparing visitors and non-visitors

2019 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Kim, Myung Ja; Hall, C. Michael

Abstract: Virtual reality (VR) tourism provides consumers with the opportunity to experien ... Expand

Abstract: Virtual reality (VR) tourism provides consumers with the opportunity to experience a destination in VR and can play a significant role in encouraging visitation and engaging in particular travel activities and behaviors. Hedonic motivation adoption frameworks with flow state and subjective well-being have been shown to have significant roles in continued use of information technology. However, research on a theoretically integrated hedonic motivation system adoption model (HMSAM) specifically with enjoyment, flow state, subjective wellbeing, and continued use has not previously been conducted with respect to VR tourism. To address this gap, this study develops and investigates a conceptually comprehensive model on the effect of consumers’ hedonic behaviors on continued use, with the moderating role of visitor or non-visitor at the destination portrayed in VR tourism. Results identified the highly significant effect of consumers’ perceived enjoyment on flow state and of flow state on subjective well-being. Continued use was greatly influenced by flow state and subjective wellbeing. Importantly for destinations association between usefulness and flow state had a significant moderating effect depending on whether a visitor or non-visitor. The findings offer new knowledge to researchers and industry in the VR tourism fields. Collapse

Topics: virtual reality perceived usefulness cognitive absorption information management social media

Methods: survey partial least squares regression partial least squares path modeling survey design computational algorithm

Theories: hedonic motivation system adoption model flow theory technology acceptance model

The effects of progress cues and gender on online wait

2019 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 1

Authors: Lee, Younghwa; Chen, Andrew N. K.

Abstract: A wait screen is one of the proactive mechanisms that have been suggested to man ... Expand

Abstract: A wait screen is one of the proactive mechanisms that have been suggested to manage online wait. Despite the presence of significant gender differences in traditional wait, a lack of studies in online wait context has been acknowledged. This study proposes a research model of online wait management based on the cognitive absorption theory and gender literature. We test the effects of online interface designs in a wait screen on waiting time perceptions across gender by manipulating the salience and framing of a progress cue. A total of 535 subjects participated in two controlled experiments. MANOVA and subsequent ANOVA tests were conducted. We found significant main and interaction effects of wait screen design cues and gender on the relationships between the design cues and cognitive absorption variables. Detailed theoretical and practical implications are provided. Collapse

Topics: cognitive absorption music download usability user interface website

Methods: experiment survey multivariate analysis of variance exploratory factor analysis parametric test

Theories: cognitive absorption theory information systems theory

On the Role of Information Overload in Information Systems (IS) Success: Empirical Evidence from Decision Support Systems

2019 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 3

Authors: Roetzel, PeterGordon; Fehrenbacher, Dennis

Abstract: It has been suggested that information overload decreases decision-making perfor ... Expand

Abstract: It has been suggested that information overload decreases decision-making performance. This study empirically examines the mediating role of information (over-)load on the relationships between two system features (deep structure usage and system quality) and managerial performance using a mixed-method-approach (survey and interviews). It analyzes the relationships with respect to a state-of-the-art decision support system (DSS). Our results indicate that information overload adversely affects managerial performance and mediates the influence of system quality and deep structure usage on managerial performance. We find that system quality is positively related to information overload. Drawing on cognitive load theory, we hypothesize and confirm that deep structure usage reduces perceived information overload. Additional evidence from interviews further illustrate these results and show that information overload can be influenced in counter-intuitive ways by system aspects. Our results have important implications for the design of modern information system (IS) landscapes to support managerial performance. They draw attention to the importance of information overload as a mediating factor in the interrelationship among deep structure usage, system quality and managerial performance. Collapse

Topics: information overload system quality information system use IS success decision support system

Methods: qualitative interview survey structural equation modeling mixed method descriptive statistic

Theories: cognitive load theory information systems success model

Employee dispositions to job and organization as antecedents and consequences of information systems use

2018 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 19

Authors: Bala, Hillol; Bhagwatwar, Akshay

Abstract: Organizations implement information systems to improve employee productivity and ... Expand

Abstract: Organizations implement information systems to improve employee productivity and engender favourable organizational outcomes. Although there is evidence of positive outcomes of system use, research has suggested that system use may lead to negative consequences for employees and organizations. There has been limited research that focuses on how employees' use of information systems in the workplace is associated with their positive and negative dispositions to job and organization. We develop and test a model that posits that dispositions to job (ie, job satisfaction, job security, job anxiety, and emotional exhaustion), and organization (ie, organizational commitment and organizational trust) will play a dual role of antecedents and consequences of system use. We conducted 2 longitudinal studies in the context of 2 different systems—a functional system and an enterprise system—and found support for our hypotheses (N = 257 and 181, respectively). We found that preimplementation job and organizational dispositions significantly predicted both lean and rich measures of system use. Further, we found that rich measures of system use (ie, cognitive absorption use and deep structure use) had differential impacts on postimplementation employee dispositions—functional system use had a positive impact and enterprise system use had a negative impact. Overall, our findings offer a comprehensive understanding of system use, and its antecedents and consequences for employees in organizations. Collapse

Topics: information system use enterprise information system job satisfaction cognitive absorption organizational commitment

Methods: survey longitudinal research partial least squares regression mediation analysis theoretical contribution

Theories: organizational behavior theory expectation disconfirmation theory

Information Foraging—A Model for Exploration Breadth and Depth

2018 | Information Systems Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Berg, Bjarne; Stylianou, Antonis C.; Mezei, Razvan A.

Abstract: The optimal path choice theory from biology implies that foragers should evaluat ... Expand

Abstract: The optimal path choice theory from biology implies that foragers should evaluate all sites before selecting something feasible when site relocation costs are low and there are few sites to explore. In internet information foraging, although the cost of moving to another site is negligible, the number of relevant sites can be large and exploration costs vary. We examine human internet information foraging behaviors and propose a model relating them to established cognitive measures. Collapse

Topics: web application web page website usability human computer interaction

Methods: experiment partial least squares regression parametric test survey descriptive statistic

Theories: technology acceptance model unified theory of acceptance and use of technology TAM2

Feeling Presence in Immersive Virtual Reality for Individual Learning

2018 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 10

Authors: Kampling, Henrik

Abstract: Virtual Reality (VR) technologies have been on the rise since Oculus Rift entere ... Expand

Abstract: Virtual Reality (VR) technologies have been on the rise since Oculus Rift entered the market in 2016. These head-mounted displays offer great potential to change individual learning through certain characteristics. They provide an enclosed virtual environment that allows interactions with virtual objects. Users can become immersed in this environment, i.e., totally engaged in a specific task while ignoring other attentional demands. While using VR for individual learning, these characteristics have not been sufficiently investigated. As a consequence, learning theories, such as cognitive absorption (CA), that deal with immersion are assumed to be essential to explain learning. To strengthen immersion, I consider presence (a sense of being there in a distant (virtual) place) to be a key predictor of CA. Therefore, I derive designs for the feeling of presence and propose and test a research model. I conducted an experiment with 63 participants and discuss some initial results for future research. Collapse

Topics: virtual reality cognitive absorption online learning system knowledge acquisition

Methods: experiment