How software as a service simultaneously affords organizational agility and inertia

2023 | Journal of Strategic Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Khalil, Sabine; Winkler, Till J.

Abstract: Although cloud computing is associated with organizational agility, anecdotal ev ... Expand

Abstract: Although cloud computing is associated with organizational agility, anecdotal evidence points to resistance to cloud computing by employees in information technology (IT) units. We explored the links between software as a service (SaaS) and organizational agility by conducting two stages of interviews with key informants in large organizations, and by employing affordance and inertia-theoretical lenses. Two basic affordances emerged from the retroductive data analysis –implementing quickly and sourcing independently – which in turn yielded two higher-level affordances: trialing alternatives and self-organizing business teams. We developed a model that explains how and why these four affordances enhance agility by accelerating the sensing-toacting process of organizations. We also describe how five categories of organizational inertia in IT units hinder agility. Our main contribution is how adopting SaaS applications enables orga­ nizational agility while highlighting the role of IT unit inertia in SaaS affordance actualization processes. Collapse

Topics: software as a service affordance cloud computing user experience usability

Methods: qualitative interview field study personal interview theoretical contribution longitudinal research

Theories: theory of affordance

Visualizing Convolutional Neural Network Models’ Sensitivity to Nonnatural Data Order

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Klepetko, Randy; Krishnan, Ram

Abstract: Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have revolutionized image recognition techno ... Expand

Abstract: Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have revolutionized image recognition technology and found applications in various nonimage-related fields. For nonnatural data, such as cybersecurity packets, in which the data sample order is not defined by nature, some models trained on certain orderings of data perform better than when trained with other orderings. Some orderings create patterns from which the CNN extracts better features. Understanding how to best order the training data to improve CNN performance is not well-studied. In this study, we investigate this problem by examining malware infections using different CNN models and include visualization tools to enhance our analysis. We define a functional algorithm for ordering and show that order importance in CNNs is model dependent. In addition, we show that depending on the model, statistical relationships are crucial in establishing order with better performance. Collapse

Topics: malware mobile system cloud computing infrastructure as a service

Methods: experiment descriptive statistic machine learning computational algorithm Keras

The Impact of Cloud Computing on Firm Performance through Operational Capability

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Mohammed, Niaz; Yoo, Chul Woo

Abstract: Previous literature has shown that the adoption of cloud computing improves the ... Expand

Abstract: Previous literature has shown that the adoption of cloud computing improves the firm performance. However, the path through which cloud computing creates firm performance is not adequately answered in the literature. Adopting the Resource-Based View (RBV), we propose that cloud computing adoption creates operational capability for the firm, which will drive superior firm performance. We will use a two-stage econometric model to test our chain hypothesis to understand better the impact of operational capability creation of cloud computing on the firm's performance. Moreover, we will investigate whether the presence of the Chief Information Officer (CIO) in the Top Management Team (TMT) moderates the operational capability of cloud computing. Collapse

Topics: cloud computing Chief Information Officer organizational productivity database system infrastructure as a service

Methods: econometric modeling Compustat statistical hypothesis test Capital IQ literature study

Theories: resource based view of the firm

Availability-Aware Virtual Resource Provisioning for Infrastructure Service Agreements in the Cloud

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Yuan, Shuai; Das, Sanjukta; Ramesh, Ram; Qiao, Chunming

Abstract: Service availability is a key construct in Service Level Agreements (SLA) betwee ... Expand

Abstract: Service availability is a key construct in Service Level Agreements (SLA) between a cloud service provider and a client. The provider typically allocates backup resources to mitigate the risk of violating the SLA-specified uptime guarantee. However, initial backups may need to be adjusted in response to real-time failure and recovery events. In this study, we first develop a recurrent intervention at fixed intervals (RIFI) strategy that allows the provider to adjust the allocation of backup resources such that the expected total cost is minimized. Next, we focus on the limit to number of interventions, starting from single intervention strategy, as frequent reallocations may be operationally disruptive. Particularly, we provide a cost minimization approach to guide the service providers in their virtual resources management, and a specific downtime minimization approach for more mission-critical applications as a more aggressive alternative. We present computational results exploring the impact of intervention on the likelihood of SLA violation for the rest of the contract period, and evaluate parameters such as time and quantum of resource level adjustment, penalty levels desired by clients, and their influences on the backup resource provisioning strategies. We also validate our models through the analysis of use cases from Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud. Finally, we summarize this study by providing key practical managerial implications for resource deployment in the availability-aware cloud. Collapse

Topics: backup cloud computing resource allocation price management high-performance computing

Methods: computational algorithm experiment literature study simulation

Estimating the impact of cloud computing on firm performance: An empirical investigation of listed firms

2022 | Information & Management | Citations: 17

Authors: Chen, Xi; Guo, Ming; Shangguan, Wuyue

Abstract: This study empirically investigates the economic impact of cloud service adoptio ... Expand

Abstract: This study empirically investigates the economic impact of cloud service adoption on firm performance. We exploit the difference-in-differences models coupled with propensity score-based matching to estimate the per­ formance effect of cloud computing on worldwide listed firms that adopted cloud service during 2010–2016. The results indicate that cloud computing has a significant and positive impact on the profitability and market value of listed firms with varying degrees in both short and long time periods. In addition, the magnitude of the performance effect varies with firm size and industry type. This research contributes to empirical examination on the economic values of IT investments. Collapse

Topics: cloud computing organizational productivity IT investment accounting software as a service

Methods: experimental group propensity score method longitudinal research autocorrelation analysis quasi experiment

A Deeper Look at Cloud Adoption Trajectory and Dilemma

2022 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 1

Authors: Hsu, Pei-Fang

Abstract: Different from previous cloud adoption studies that focus on the benefits and co ... Expand

Abstract: Different from previous cloud adoption studies that focus on the benefits and concerns of cloud computing from a technology point of view, this study takes a deeper look at two additional firm-specific forces that could better explain firms’ cloud adoption trajectory and dilemma: Path dependency and Institutional forces. Path dependency theory argues that if a firm has invested intensively in traditional IT, it may be more capable of adopting and utilizing new IT since it has accumulated knowledge. However, the firm could also be trapped in its previous path and reluctant to migrate to cloud to avoid sunk costs and switching costs. On the other hand, institutional theory provides an external view and posit that a firm facing more institutional forces from its trading community will have more incentives, as well as pressure, to adopt cloud. We developed a cloud adoption model that features benefits, concerns, path dependency, and institutional forces as prominent antecedents to understand their competing and complementary effects, and empirically tested the proposed model using 177 firms. The results show that, path dependence is indeed an important factor affecting firms’ cloud adoption behaviors; a firm with a better IT position and more satisfying IT outsourcing experiences will have greater cloud adoption intention. Institutional forces do not directly affect cloud adoption intention. Instead, institutional forces increase perceived benefits, through which, indirectly influence cloud adoption intention. The findings delineate the trajectory and dilemma that firms face when migrating to cloud and provide insights to cloud vendors in choosing their target market. Collapse

Topics: cloud computing outsourcing IT job platform as a service software as a service

Methods: survey partial least squares regression PLS tool factor analysis case study

Theories: institutional theory

Quantum computing

2022 | Electronic Markets | Citations: 1

Authors: Rietsche, Roman; Dremel, Christian; Bosch, Samuel; Steinacker, Léa; Meckel, Miriam; Leimeister, Jan-Marco

Abstract: Quantum computing promises to be the next disruptive technology, with numerous p ... Expand

Abstract: Quantum computing promises to be the next disruptive technology, with numerous possible applications and implications for organizations and markets. Quantum computers exploit principles of quantum mechanics, such as superposition and entanglement, to represent data and perform operations on them. Both of these principles enable quantum computers to solve very specific, complex problems significantly faster than standard computers. Against this backdrop, this fundamental gives a brief overview of the three layers of a quantum computer: hardware, system software, and application layer. Furthermore, we introduce potential application areas of quantum computing and possible research directions for the field of information systems. Collapse

Topics: quantum computing computer hardware computer system Google+ electronic market

Methods: qualitative interview computational algorithm experiment literature study

Theories: quantum theory

Business model implications of privacy-preserving technologies in data marketplaces: The case of multi-party computation

2021 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Agahari, Wirawan; Dolci, Riccardo; Reuver, Mark de

Abstract: Privacy-preserving technologies could allow data marketplaces to deliver techni ... Expand

Abstract: Privacy-preserving technologies could allow data marketplaces to deliver technical assurances to companies on data privacy and control. However, how such technologies change the business model of data marketplaces is not fully understood. This paper aims to bridge this gap by focusing on multiparty computation (MPC) as a cryptographic technology that is currently being hyped. Based on interviews with privacy and security experts, we find that MPC enables data marketplaces to employ a "privacy-as-a-service" business model, which goes beyond privacy-preserving data exchange. Depending on the architecture, MPC could transform data marketplaces into data brokers or data aggregators. More complex architectures might lead to more robust security guarantees and lower trust requirements towards data marketplace operators. Furthermore, MPC enables new offerings of privacy-preserving analytics and services as new revenue sources. Our findings contribute to developing business models of privacy-preserving data marketplaces to unlock the potential of data sharing in a digitized economy. Collapse

Topics: privacy business model value creation peer-to-peer model digital platform

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative coding design artifact archival research experiment

Organizational agility through outsourcing: Roles of IT alignment, cloud computing and knowledge transfer

2021 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Deng, Chun-Ping; Wang, Tao; Teo, Thompson S.H.; Song, Qi

Abstract: This study introduces the concept of outsourcing appropriation based on adaptive ... Expand

Abstract: This study introduces the concept of outsourcing appropriation based on adaptive structuration theory (AST) to explore how organizations attain IT-dependent organizational agility through outsourcing appropriation. It ex­ amines the mediating role of IT alignment and the moderating roles of the adoption of cloud computing and knowledge transfer. The proposed model was tested using survey data from a sample of 170 IT executives. Our results indicate that the consensus of appropriation (COA) and faithfulness of appropriation (FOA) are positively associated with IT-dependent organizational agility, and the relationships are partially mediated by IT align­ ment. When adoption of cloud computing is high, the positive relationship between IT alignment and ITdependent organizational agility becomes stronger than when it is low. Interestingly, results also show that the moderating roles of the transfer of explicit knowledge and transfer of tacit knowledge in the relationship between outsourcing appropriation and IT-dependent organizational agility vary significantly. The transfer of explicit knowledge negatively moderates the relationship between COA and agility. The transfer of tacit knowledge positively moderates the relationship between FOA and agility. These findings deepen our under­ standing of how organizations gain IT-dependent organizational agility in the context of IT outsourcing. Collapse

Topics: outsourcing IT alignment cloud computing implicit knowledge explicit knowledge

Methods: survey statistical hypothesis test data transformation descriptive statistic cross sectional research

Theories: structuration theory adaptive structuration theory agency theory

Blockchain out of the Box – Where is the Blockchain in Blockchain-as-a-Service?

2021 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Kernahan, Alan; Bernskov, Ulrik; Beck, Roman

Abstract: Blockchain-as-a-Service (BaaS) is increasingly discussed as a way for companies ... Expand

Abstract: Blockchain-as-a-Service (BaaS) is increasingly discussed as a way for companies to get started with blockchain projects. Different BaaS offerings are available, but a systematic categorization of what BaaS comprises is missing. In this research, we analyze the service offerings of BaaS providers based on available online information and identify a number of common characteristics in the BaaS offerings related to the use of service types, distributed ledger technology (DLT) systems, consensus mechanisms, and pricing models. These characteristics are then further analyzed in the light of available literature on BaaS, as well as conducted expert interviews. The objective of this research is to provide an overview of the BaaS landscap,e as well as a taxonomy that provides guidance for researchers and practitioners alike interested in BaaS. Collapse

Topics: blockchain price management Hyperledger Ethereum Oracle database

Methods: qualitative interview computational algorithm desk research personal interview literature study