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Text Analytics to Support Sense-Making in Social Media: A Language-Action Perspective
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2018 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 0
Authors: Abbasi, Ahmed; Zhou, Yilu; Deng, Shasha; Zhang, Pengzhu

Abstract: Social media and online communities provide organizations with new opportunities ... Expand

Abstract: Social media and online communities provide organizations with new opportunities to support their businessrelated functions. Despite their various benefits, social media technologies present two important challenges for sense-making. First, online discourse is plagued by incoherent, intertwined conversations that are often difficult to comprehend. Moreover, organizations are increasingly interested in understanding social media participants’ actions and intentions; however, existing text analytics tools mostly focus on the semantic dimension of language. The language-action perspective (LAP) emphasizes pragmatics; not what people say but, rather, what they do with language. Adopting the design science paradigm, we propose a LAP-based text analytics framework to support sense-making in online discourse. The proposed framework is specifically intended to address the two aforementioned challenges associated with sense-making in online discourse: the need for greater coherence and better understanding of actions. We rigorously evaluate a system that is developed based on the framework in a series of experiments using a test bed encompassing social media data from multiple channels and industries. The results demonstrate the utility of each individual component of the system, and its underlying framework, in comparison with existing benchmark methods. Furthermore, the results of a user experiment involving hundreds of practitioners, and a four-month field experiment in a large organization, underscore the enhanced sense-making capabilities afforded by text analytics grounded in LAP principles. The results have important implications for online sense-making and social media analytics. Collapse

Semantic filters: language action perspective

Topics: sensemaking social media social network web forum productivity

Methods: experiment longitudinal research coherence analysis machine learning field experiment

Theories: speech act theory language action perspective statistical learning theory
Instituting facts: Data structures and institutional order
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2016 | Information and Organization | Citations: 0
Authors: Beynon-Davies, Paul

Abstract: The concept of the data structure is part of the accepted and relatively unexplo ... Expand

Abstract: The concept of the data structure is part of the accepted and relatively unexplored background of the information disciplines. As such, the data structure is treated largely as a technological artefact, helping to support but somewhat isolated from considerations of institutional order. This paper develops an alternative consideration of the data structure which focuses upon the constitutive capacity of such artefacts within institutional order. This viewpoint builds upon literature from the language/action tradition, the more recent work of John Searle on social ontology as well as the small amount of work which proposes the actability of data structures. To help provide some grip on the slippery notion of institutional order we consider it here in terms of the notion of business patterns. The term business pattern is used to refer to a coherent and repeating sequence of action involving humans, machines (including IT systems) and other artefacts (such as data structures) appropriate to some way of organising. The paper also describes a way of visualising either existing business patterns or envisaged business patterns through the pattern ‘language’ of pattern comics. We ground our approach using material gathered within a research study of a key routine enacted within a large manufacturing organisation. Within this routine a mismatch was experienced between what the data structures within the production IT system was telling production managers and what was experienced on the ground by production operators. We show how an actability worldview of data structures expressed in terms of business patterns offers a fruitful way of making sense of problem situations such as this. It also suggests important ways of thinking differently about the nature of design in relation to data structures. Collapse

Semantic filters: language action perspective

Topics: knowledge representation accounting problem solving

Methods: design artifact ontological modelling qualitative interview design theory action research

Theories: speech act theory theory of affordance language action perspective socio technical theory
Investigating Multimodal Communication in Virtual Meetings: The Sharing of Dynamic Representations
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2014 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Persson, John S.; Mathiassen, Lars

Abstract: To manage distributed work, organizations increasingly rely on virtual meetings ... Expand

Abstract: To manage distributed work, organizations increasingly rely on virtual meetings based on multimodal, synchronous communication technologies. However, despite technological advances, it is still challenging to coordinate knowledge through these meetings with spatial and cultural separation. Against this backdrop, we present a framework for investigating the sharing of dynamic representations of co-created knowledge during such meetings. We illustrate the detailed workings of the framework by analyzing how three software managers coordinated a project over a series of virtual meetings. Grounded in audio recordings of their oral exchanges and video recordings of their shared dynamic representation of the project’s status and plans, our analysis shows how their interrelating of visual and verbal communication acts enabled effective communication and coordination. In conclusion, we offer theoretical propositions that explain how interrelating of verbal and visual acts based on shared dynamic representations enable communication repairs during virtual meetings. We argue that our proposed framework provides researchers with a novel and practical approach to investigate the complex data involved in virtual meetings based on multimodal, synchronous communication. Collapse

Semantic filters: language action perspective

Topics: video conference knowledge sharing computer supported cooperative work

Methods: qualitative interview case study personal interview qualitative coding triangulation

Theories: speech act theory language action perspective
Models of Collaboration as the Foundation for Collaboration Technologies
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2010 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 5
Authors: Poltrock, Steven; Handel, Mark

Abstract: The article discusses two basic models of collaborative teamwork, comparing thei ... Expand

Abstract: The article discusses two basic models of collaborative teamwork, comparing their relative merits in terms of technology-based collaboration and the social aspects of information systems. The models are termed ostensive and performative. The ostensive approach defines how things should be done, and is said to be useful for analysis, documentation, simulation and automation. The performative approach focuses on observing actual practices, and is recommended for discovering innovative methods for using existing systems as well as monitoring deviations from normative practice. Collapse

Semantic filters: language action perspective

Topics: change management computer supported cooperative work IT supported collaboration social network requirements analysis

Methods: business process modeling qualitative interview conceptual modelling grounded theory activity diagram

Theories: coordination theory language action perspective
Executable Ontological Business Process Model

2007 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Barjis, J

Abstract: Often business processes modelling is confined to Flow Chart like representation ... Expand

Abstract: Often business processes modelling is confined to Flow Chart like representation and the models are not amenable to analysis (e.g., simulation) to study their behaviour. As a consequence, validation and verification of such models are merely conducted manually based on the intuition, experience and knowledge of analysts and processes managers. While for small models this may not represent a challenge, for complex processes it is very challenging to avoid inaccuracies – broken flows, missing loops, deadlocks. Execution (or simulation) of models using computer tools would surface most of errors and better enforce model correctness. In this paper we introduce a modelling method and technique aiming at developing executable ontological business process models. The proposed method is theoretically based on the concept of Business Transaction derived from the DEMO Methodology, and diagrammatically on the formal semantics of Petri net. The transaction concept is used for conceiving the organization’s social reality, and the formalism of Petri nets as a modelling technique. For the coherence between these two as a whole, a few aspects were to be investigated. Collapse

Semantic filters: language action perspective

Topics: business process management enterprise information system user requirement

Methods: business process modeling Petri net case study modeling language simulation

Theories: language action perspective
Do You Read Me? Perspective Making and Perspective Taking in Chat Communities

2007 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 11
Authors: Dickey, Michael H.; Burnett, Gary; Chudoba, Katherine M.; Kazmer, Michelle M.

Abstract: We present a study of synchronous, text-based chat communications between custom ... Expand

Abstract: We present a study of synchronous, text-based chat communications between customers and customer service representatives (CSRs), and examine the process of coordinating perspectives through perspective making and perspective taking to build shared understanding of context. Using a cultural hermeneutic lens and its four contextual relations, we studied more than 4400 chat messages generated during a two-year period. Successful coordination of perspectives occurred in eighty percent of the exchanges, in spite of conversational incoherence introduced by the chat technology. When coordination of perspectives between customers and CSRs failed, it was due to one or a combination of three factors: the customer's inability to successfully communicate intention, lack of customer/CSR shared understanding of reference about what was being discussed, and/or misinterpretation of each other's identities. This suggests that technology solutions to reduce conversational incoherence may not be of as much value as improving how people articulate intention and create shared reference. Finally, we demonstrate that contextual relations in cultural hermeneutics offer an analytic device and vocabulary to discern exactly what is missing when technology-mediated communication breaks down. Collapse

Semantic filters: language action perspective

Topics: customer service social media online chat data accuracy database system

Methods: design principle linguistic analysis

Theories: language action perspective linguistics theory discourse theory
A theoretical investigation of the emerging standards for web services
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2007 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 10
Authors: Umapathy, Karthikeyan; Purao, Sandeep

Abstract: Currently, standards for web services are being developed via three different in ... Expand

Abstract: Currently, standards for web services are being developed via three different initiatives (W3C, Semantic web services and ebXML). To the best of our knowledge, no theoretical perspectives underlie these standardization efforts. Without the benefit of a strong theoretical basis, the results, within and across these initiatives, have remained piecemeal. We suggest ‘Language–Action Theories’ as a plausible perspective that can effectively define, assess and refine web services standards. In this paper, we first investigate the existing initiatives to identify commonalities that point to theories of ‘Language–Action’ as an appropriate theoretical basis for web services standards. Next, we adapt work from these theories to develop a comprehensive reference framework for understanding web services standards. Finally, we use this reference framework to assess the three initiatives, and analyze the findings to provide insights for future development and refinement of web services standards. Collapse

Semantic filters: language action perspective

Topics: web service

Methods: theory development

Theories: language action perspective action theory
A Speech-Act Based Methodology for System Analysis

2006 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Barjis, Joseph

Abstract: In this paper a modeling methodology is discussed to prepare a basis for subsequ ... Expand

Abstract: In this paper a modeling methodology is discussed to prepare a basis for subsequent system design. In paving such a ground, the discussed methodology contributes to two aspects of system design: requirements definitions and process modeling. While essential requirements are captured in a series of business transactions, the process model is built through the assembly of these business transactions into a network-like structure. Each business transaction is an essential requirement; or vice versa, each essential requirement is captured as a business transaction. The paper discusses the transaction concept derived from the Speech-Act Theory for capturing requirements for the system to be built, and a type of Petri net used as a modeling technique to build business process models based on the identified transactions. In view of the fact that business processes are characterized by conditional relationships, the concept of the Norm Analysis Method is incorporated into the methodology to govern the execution of certain transactions. Collapse

Semantic filters: language action perspective

Topics: business process management systems design systems development

Methods: Petri net business process modeling design science modeling language conceptual modelling

Theories: speech act theory language action perspective
A language-mapping approach to action-oriented development of information systems
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2006 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Rittgen, Peter

Abstract: Two important views in the development of information systems are the action vie ... Expand

Abstract: Two important views in the development of information systems are the action view and the reaction view which govern the areas of business process modelling and information systems modelling, respectively. We suggest an approach to mediate between these partially conflicting views by specifying a language-mapping framework. In other words, we specify a transition from a process model with human actors to an IS model with inanimate agents. Collapse

Semantic filters: language action perspective

Topics: use case modeling system support systems design business process management logistics management

Methods: design science unified modeling language experiment business process modeling activity diagram

Theories: language action perspective
Action-oriented conceptual modelling
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2004 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Ågerfalk, Pär J.; Eriksson, Owen

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to show how speech act theory can be used in systems de ... Expand

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to show how speech act theory can be used in systems development as a theoretical foundation for conceptual modelling. With the traditional notion of the conceptual model as an image of reality, the predominant modelling problem is to analyse how the external reality should be mapped into, and represented in, the system in a 'true' way. In contrast to this, we maintain that the main modelling problem should be to analyse the communication acts performed by use of the system within its business context. This implies an integration of traditional conceptual modelling with action-oriented business modelling based on speech act theory. With such an approach, it is possible to reconcile traditional conceptual modelling and the pragmatic aspects of language and computer use. It is argued that such reconciliation is essential to arrive at systems that provide relevant information to users and in which users can trace responsibilities for information, actions and commitments made. Collapse

Semantic filters: language action perspective

Topics: business process management systems development information system use

Methods: design science conceptual modelling class diagram case study unified modeling language

Theories: speech act theory language action perspective

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Found 17 articles

Text Analytics to Support Sense-Making in Social Media: A Language-Action Perspective

Instituting facts: Data structures and institutional order

Investigating Multimodal Communication in Virtual Meetings: The Sharing of Dynamic Representations

Models of Collaboration as the Foundation for Collaboration Technologies

Executable Ontological Business Process Model

Do You Read Me? Perspective Making and Perspective Taking in Chat Communities

A theoretical investigation of the emerging standards for web services

A Speech-Act Based Methodology for System Analysis

A language-mapping approach to action-oriented development of information systems

Action-oriented conceptual modelling