How Certain Robot Attributes Influence Human-to-Robot Social and Emotional Bonds

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Fife, Paul; Rosengren, Warren; Gaskin, James

Abstract: A growing population of humans are feeling lonely and isolated and may therefore ... Expand

Abstract: A growing population of humans are feeling lonely and isolated and may therefore benefit from social and emotional companionship. However, other humans cannot always be available to fulfill these needs, and such in-need individuals often cannot care for pets. Therefore, we explore how robot companions may be designed to facilitate bonds with humans. Our preliminary examination of 115 participants in a quasi-experimental study suggests that humans are more likely to develop social and emotional bonds with robots when those robots are good at communicating and conveying emotions. However, robots’ anthropomorphic attributes and responsiveness to external cues were found to have no impact on bond formulation. Collapse

Topics: robotic human computer interaction usability manufacturing robot productivity

Methods: quasi experiment survey literature study parametric test ANOVA

Theories: theory of affordance

Technology Lifecycles and Digital Technologies: Patterns of Discourse across Levels of Materiality

2022 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 1

Authors: Gal, Uri; Berente, Nicholas; Chasin, Friedrich

Abstract: The technology lifecycle model is extensively used to study technology evolutio ... Expand

Abstract: The technology lifecycle model is extensively used to study technology evolution and innovation. However, this model was developed for industrial-age material technologies and does not address digital technologies with nonmaterial elements. Therefore, a question emerges as to whether the level of technological materiality is implicated in different dynamics of innovation, as reflected in the technology lifecycle. Digital technologies evolve through discourse that involves interactions among multiple stakeholders that shape the evolutionary trajectory of the technology. Therefore, we set out to examine whether discourse about digital technologies that vary in their level of materiality manifests in different ways throughout these technologies' lifecycles. To do so, we conducted a study comparing the discourse around 10 digital technologies-five highly material and five highly nonmaterial-at different stages of their technology lifecycles. We identified three characteristics of discoursevolume, volatility, and diversity-and examined them for the 10 digital technologies by analyzing their corresponding Wikipedia articles. Our findings show that the discourse around technologies with different levels of materiality is similar in the initial era of the lifecycle but diverges in the two subsequent eras. In addition, we found that the discourse around highly nonmaterial technologies remains elevated for longer time periods, compared to highly material technologies. Based on these results, we put forth propositions that challenge and extend existing research on the relationships between the technological level of materiality, discourse, and trajectories of technology evolution. Collapse

Topics: Wikipedia laptop computer smart TV operating system manufacturing robot

Methods: literature sample machine learning computational algorithm literature study design theory

Theories: theory of dominant design punctuated equilibrium theory

Digital Transformation and Factors of Dysfunctions

2022 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Hayashi, Joyan

Abstract: Digital transformation often results in failure. The purpose of this research i ... Expand

Abstract: Digital transformation often results in failure. The purpose of this research is to analyze the problem of implementation of digital transformation. The theory is Socio-Economic Approach to Management (SEAM), including "dysfunctions" and "hidden costs". The research method is a case study at Midea Group (Midea) in China. The findings include dysfunctions such as: problems of coordination and cooperation within and between organizations; little communication between PICs of different departments; more tension across departments fighting for the resource of budget and cost. The consequence of dysfunctions on performance includes: loss of production line stops, high staff turnover, project delays, and departments tend to push responsibility outside of the organization. The recommendations to practice include that Midea should pursue the improvement on process rather than outcomes and KPIs, and transform focus on human resource development and technology accumulation rather than only efficiency. Collapse

Topics: digital transformation systems implementation supply chain management business model robotic

Methods: qualitative interview case study

Challenges in re-designing operations and jobs to embody AI and robotics in services. Findings from a case in the hospitality industry

2021 | Electronic Markets | Citations: 0

Authors: Mingotto, Erica; Montaguti, Federica; Tamma, Michele

Abstract: The adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and service robots in the tourism i ... Expand

Abstract: The adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and service robots in the tourism industry for frontline service automation is generating a growing interest. Although there is a fairly large body of literature about this research field, the impacts on the service encounter need to be further investigated. The paper presents an action research project that led to employ the humanoid robot “Pepper”, equipped with a supervised machine-learning AI system, at the reception of an Italian hotel to provide information to clients. This allowed to explore the role played by this agent and the effects on the changing role taken by frontline employees (FLE) and customers. Findings show that this technology can act as an augmentation force and that FLEs’ role can evolve mainly into that of enabler - of the customers and of technology -, innovator and coordinator, while customers may take above all the role of enabler of the technology. The study also contributes to introduce the new role of “AI supervisor” among FLEs. Collapse

Topics: robotic artificial intelligence conversational agent social presence usability

Methods: qualitative interview action research survey supervised learning participant observation

Designing a Risk Assessment Tool for Artificial Intelligence Systems

2021 | DESRIST | Citations: 1

Authors: Nagbøl, Per Rådberg; Müller, Oliver; Krancher, Oliver

Abstract: Notwithstanding its potential benefits, organizational AI use can lead to uninte ... Expand

Abstract: Notwithstanding its potential benefits, organizational AI use can lead to unintended consequences like opaque decision-making processes or biased decisions. Hence, a key challenge for organizations these days is to implement procedures that can be used to assess and mitigate the risks of organizational AI use. Although public awareness of AI-related risks is growing, the extant literature provides limited guidance to organizations on how to assess and manage AI risks. Against this background, we conducted an Action Design Research project in collaboration with a government agency with a pioneering AI practice to iteratively build, implement, and evaluate the Artificial Intelligence Risk Assessment (AIRA) tool. Besides the theory-ingrained and empirically evaluated AIRA tool, our key contribution is a set of five design principles for instantiating further instances of this class of artifacts. In comparison to existing AI risk assessment tools, our work emphasizes communication between stakeholders of diverse expertise, estimating the expected real-world positive and negative consequences of AI use, and incorporating performance metrics beyond predictive accuracy, including thus assessments of privacy, fairness, and interpretability. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence risk management robotic explainable artificial intelligence legal context

Methods: design principle design science action design research machine learning design artifact

Theories: expected utility theory management theory

Understanding the Robot Ecosystem: Don’t lose sight of either the trees or the forest

2019 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Kim, Dohoon

Abstract: The robot sector in many countries has thrived recently thanks to government sup ... Expand

Abstract: The robot sector in many countries has thrived recently thanks to government supports and innovations in various industries. This study, using the patent database to define the robot sector, reconfigures IO (Input-Output) data to analyze the relationships among various sectors. In particular, we consider the internal description of the robot sector (mesoscopic view—the trees) as well as the relationship between the robot and the non-robot sectors (macroscopic view—the forest), so that we can not only understand robot ecosystems in various dimensions, but also develop policy insights. For the sake of systematic analysis of the intra- and inter-sector relations as well as the meso-macro links, this study constructs network models and employs several network measures. Our model and analysis present a good case study to understand the nature of the robot sector in terms of the business ecosystem. This novel approach also contributes to finding out a promising path that leverages the strengths of intrasector relations and spreads the impact of the robot sector across the macro relations. Collapse

Topics: robotic database system digital ecosystem manufacturing robot productivity

Methods: cluster analysis case study network analysis

Reflections on societal and business model transformation arising from digitization and big data analytics: A research agenda

2015 | Journal of Strategic Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Loebbecke, Claudia; Picot, Arnold

Abstract: In the era of accelerating digitization and advanced big data analytics, harness ... Expand

Abstract: In the era of accelerating digitization and advanced big data analytics, harnessing quality data for designing and delivering state-of-the-art services will enable innovative business models and management approaches (Boyd and Crawford, 2012; Brynjolfsson and McAfee, 2014) and yield an array of consequences. Among other consequences, digitization and big data analytics reshape business models and impact employment amongst knowledge workers – just as automation did for manufacturing workers. This Viewpoint paper considers the mechanisms underlying how digitization and big data analytics drive the transformation of business and society and outlines the potential effects of digitization and big data analytics on employment – especially in the context of cognitive tasks. Its aim is to outline a critical research agenda to explore and conceptualize evident changes in business models and society arising from these technological advances. Collapse

Topics: big data business model knowledge work internet technology manufacturing robot

Methods: theory development

Reconfiguring Boundary Relations: Robotic Innovations in Pharmacy Work

2012 | Organization Science | Citations: 171

Authors: Barrett, Michael; Oborn, Eivor; Orlikowski, Wanda J.; Yates, JoAnne

Abstract: Robotics is a rapidly expanding area of digital innovation with important implic ... Expand

Abstract: Robotics is a rapidly expanding area of digital innovation with important implications for organizational practice in multioccupational settings. This paper explores the influence of robotic innovations on the boundary dynamics of three different occupational groups—pharmacists, technicians, and assistants—working in a hospital pharmacy. We extend Pickering's tuning approach [Pickering, A. 1995. The Mangle of Practice: Time, Agency, and Science. University of Chicago Press, Chicago] to examine the temporally emergent process that entangled the mechanical elements and digital inscriptions of a dispensing robot with the everyday practices of hospital pharmacy work. We found that engagement with the robot's hybrid and dynamic materiality over time reconfigured boundary relations among the three occupational groups, with important and contradictory consequences for the pharmacy workers' skills, jurisdictions, status, and visibility. Collapse

Topics: robotic digital innovation innovation management boundary spanning password

Methods: field study qualitative interview computed tomography design process cross sectional research

A Classification of Information Systems: Analysis and Interpretation

1993 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Ein-Dor, Phillip; Segev, Eli

Abstract: Seventeen major types of information systems are identified and defined by vect ... Expand

Abstract: Seventeen major types of information systems are identified and defined by vectors of their attributes and functions. These systems are then classified by numerical methods. The quantitative analysis is interpreted in terms of the development history of information system types. Two major findings are that the numerical classification autonomously follows the chronological appearance of system types and that, along tbe time line, systems have followed two major paths of development; these have been termed the applied artificial intelligence path and the human interface path. The development of new types of systems is considered within the framework of a theory of technological evolution. It is shown that newer types of systems result from gradual accretion of new technologies on one hand, and loss of older ones on the other. Conclusions are drawn concerning the value of taxonomy in studying information systems, in suggesting possible research directions, and the desirability of rationalizing research efforts within the IS discipline. Atdibales-Classifkatioii-FunctliHis-HUtory-Infornuition syslERia-TechnoloRy evolution IO47-7O47/93/O402/O166/SOI.25 Copyrighl © 1993. The insiiluie of Management Sciences V)«V \^ MRP II / a&' OA >^'''^\^ matureN. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence decision support system group decision support system expert system information system type

Methods: multidimensional scaling synthesis survey descriptive statistic