Human, Machine, or Hybrid? Using Anthropomorphism to Conceptualize Trust in Robots

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Bhatti, Samia; Robert, Lionel

Abstract: While robots appear to be more and more human-like in form and function, they a ... Expand

Abstract: While robots appear to be more and more human-like in form and function, they are still machines. People can hence perceive them as humans or machines. With varying human-like designs and user perceptions, there is much confusion about how to measure trust in human-robot relationships. While some researchers use human-like trusting beliefs to conceptualize trust, others use machine-like trusting beliefs to do the same. In this paper, we present a conceptual model and related research propositions to help researchers determine the correct conceptualization of trust for human-robot interaction. We propose that anthropomorphism, or perceptions of humanness about the robot, can dictate the conceptualization of trust in human-robot relationships. Collapse

Topics: robotic usage intention

Methods: conceptual modelling longitudinal research cross sectional research

Theories: uncanny valley theory

IT-based regulation of personal health: Nudging, mobile apps and data

2023 | Journal of Information Technology | Citations: 0

Authors: Davidson, Elizabeth; Winter, Jenifer Sunrise; Chiasson, Mike

Abstract: Mobile health applications and devices (“mobile health apps”) play increasingly ... Expand

Abstract: Mobile health applications and devices (“mobile health apps”) play increasingly important roles in the lives of individuals interested in self-regulating their personal health behaviors. While some appear to be simply consumer products and services, many are embedded in regulatory programs aimed at compliance with expert guidelines. In this paper, we draw on de Vaujany et al.’s framework for organizational IT-based regulation systems to consider how systems operate in open and distributed contexts in which actors have strong agency and regulation is indirect and voluntary. To do so, we consider how IT artifacts become embedded in practices, how data are implicated in regulatory feedback loops, and how individual, organizational and technological actors are mobilized and with what regulatory outcomes. We develop an instrumental case study as a vignette of five regulatory episodes (continuous glucose monitoring systems used by persons with diabetes) to examine how expert rules materialized in mobile health apps, data about bodily states, and IT features such as displays and alarms “nudge” individuals towards compliance with self-regulatory guidelines and practices. Through this analysis, we identify two related regulatory affordances of mobile health apps for predicting and surveilling personal health. We theorize how multilevel networks composed of trifecta of rules, IT artifacts, and practices develop as a regulatory lattice through which social regulation is realized. We conclude by considering the broader implications of this analytical approach to study voluntary, data-enriched regulatory systems. Collapse

Topics: mobile health affordance mobile application sensemaking health information system

Methods: design artifact theory development case study wearables based research

Theories: theory of affordance

The emergence of smart service ecosystems—The role of socio-technical antecedents and affordances

2023 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 0

Authors: Herterich, Matthias M.; Dremel, Christian; Wulf, Jochen; vom Brocke, Jan

Abstract: As physical products are increasingly augmented with digital technology, manufac ... Expand

Abstract: As physical products are increasingly augmented with digital technology, manufacturing firms have become part of the development of so-called smart products and smart services. As such, manufacturing firms are challenged by new market participants and ecosystem partners, particularly from the software development industry, and by the dynamic nature of business relationships. While the academic literature on the distinctive characteristics of ecosystems, particularly digital ecosystems, is rich, the effect of smart service ecosystems' emergence on the foundation of smart products remains uncertain. This study reports on case study research based on 47 semi-structured interviews with four companies that participate in an industrial smart service ecosystem. Taking an affordance-theoretic perspective, we uncover the antecedents of and the process of emergent smart service ecosystems. We find that smart service ecosystems have three socio-technical antecedents: a shared worldview, structural flexibility and integrity, and architecture of participation. We explain the emergence of smart service ecosystems as the result of specialisation in shared affordances and integration of idiosyncratic affordances into collective affordances. We derive seven propositions regarding the emergence of smart services, outline opportunities for further research, and present practical guidelines for manufacturing firms. Collapse

Topics: affordance smart device value creation user experience innovation management

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative coding case study focus group personal interview

Theories: theory of affordance stakeholder theory service-dominant logic

Trust or mistrust in algorithmic grading? An embedded agency perspective

2023 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Jackson, Stephen; Panteli, Niki

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to significantly impact the educa ... Expand

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to significantly impact the educational sector. One application of AI that has increasingly been applied is algorithmic grading. It is within this context that our study takes a focus on trust. While the concept of trust continues to grow in importance among AI researchers and practitioners, an investigation of trust/mistrust in algorithmic grading across multiple levels of analysis has so far been underresearched. In this paper, we argue the need for a model that encompasses the multi-layered nature of trust/ mistrust in AI. Drawing on an embedded agency perspective, a model is devised that examines top-down and bottom-up forces that can influence trust/mistrust in algorithmic grading. We illustrate how the model can be applied by drawing on the case of the International Baccalaureate (IB) program in 2020, whereby an algorithm was used to determine student grades. This paper contributes to the AI-trust literature by providing a fresh theoretical lens based on institutional theory to investigate the dynamic and multi-faceted nature of trust/ mistrust in algorithmic grading—an area that has seldom been explored, both theoretically and empirically. The study raises important implications for algorithmic design and awareness. Algorithms need to be designed in a transparent, fair, and ultimately a trustworthy manner. While an algorithm typically operates like a black box, whereby the underlying mechanisms are not apparent to those impacted by it, the purpose and an understanding of how the algorithm works should be communicated upfront and in a timely manner. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence pandemic anonymity organization structure privacy

Methods: computational algorithm conceptual modelling qualitative coding theory development qualitative content analysis

Theories: institutional theory agency theory

Maneuvering between skepticism and optimism about hyped technologies: Building trust in digital twins

2023 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Korotkova, Nataliia; Benders, Jos; Mikalef, Patrick; Cameron, David

Abstract: IT vendors’ promises are likely to meet sound skepticism from prospective client ... Expand

Abstract: IT vendors’ promises are likely to meet sound skepticism from prospective clients. If a particular technology is in vogue and seen as a “hype,” clients are under pressure to buy the technology while, at the same time, skepticism about its claimed benefits might be reinforced. Finding a balance between optimism and skepticism is essential. In this qualitative case study, we examine how an oil and gas supplier company in Norway deals with different pressures when adopting and subsequently implementing digital twin (DT) technologies. DTs offer the promise of creating a digital representation of the physical assets that can keep production facilities operating efficiently and optimally and, as such, have been heralded as enabling the next frontier of productivity improvements. Our results reveal a set of different pressures promoting the decision to adopt the hyped technology. Yet, when descended to the local context, the hype status of DTs evokes multilevel perception segmentation that hype interpreters maneuver by building trust. Based on this analysis, we propose a framework of trust-building mechanisms that contribute to a more nuanced understanding of adoption of hyped technologies and enable practitioners to deal with hype-induced perception obstacles. Collapse

Topics: digital twin production management technology adoption technology diffusion video conference

Methods: qualitative interview case study longitudinal research single case study synthesis

Theories: technological frames of reference institutional theory

Investigating information and communication technology-enabled national development as a multi-level social process

2023 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 0

Authors: Ramadani, Luthfi; Breidbach, Christoph F.; Kurnia, Sherah

Abstract: Are centralised or decentralised strategies more suitable to address a developin ... Expand

Abstract: Are centralised or decentralised strategies more suitable to address a developing nation's socio-economic challenges through information and communication technology (ICT)? We respond to this long-standing question by conceptualising ICT-enabled national development as a multi-level social process and by drawing on empirical findings from a natural experiment set in the context of health information system projects in Indonesia. Our study demonstrates that successful ICT-enabled national development is not contingent on pursuing one strategy or the other but on how micro-level actors interpret, and subsequently respond to, these strategies and the local changes they trigger. Our findings indicate that centralisation and decentralisation are complementary rather than competing strategies to ICT-enabled national development because, if integrated into a hybrid strategy, decentralisation enables local communities to achieve national development outcomes commonly attributed to centralisation. As such, our work provides empirical evidence, explanations and new theoretical insight into the wider ‘centralisation versus decentralisation’ debate, while also outlining avenues for future research and guidelines for policymakers. Collapse

Topics: laptop computer information technology infrastructure health information system IT skill human resource management

Methods: qualitative interview case study natural experiment field study personal interview

Moving away from trading on the margins: Economic empowerment of informal businesses through FinTech

2023 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 1

Authors: Senyo, P. K.; Gozman, Daniel; Karanasios, Stan; Dacre, Nicholas; Baba, Melissa

Abstract: While there have been increasing studies on the impact of financial technology ( ... Expand

Abstract: While there have been increasing studies on the impact of financial technology (FinTech), limited research has explored how FinTech supports economic empowerment for informal businesses. Drawing on institutional logics and a case study of mobile money—a FinTech innovation—this study develops a model of mobile money-driven economic empowerment. We argue that this model is important to explain how those at the bottom of the economic pyramid, who are often neglected, use FinTech innovations to create and run informal businesses. Our findings and model explain the dynamics between logics, actors, and mobile money at three levels: regulatory, payments infrastructure, and informal economy. We identify three corresponding effects as outcomes of economic empowerment for informal businesses: greater access to start-up capital, new employment opportunities, and improved financial management. By illustrating these effects, our study contributes to a better understanding of how FinTech innovations offer a possible pathway to economic empowerment for informal businesses. Collapse

Topics: mobile payment mobile system electronic finance innovation management information and communication technology for development

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative coding theory development personal interview triangulation

HOW PARTS CONNECT TO WHOLE IN BUILDING DIGITAL GENERATIVITY IN DIGITAL PLATFORM ECOSYSTEMS

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Sun, Jiamei; Xu, Dongming; Karanasios, Stan

Abstract: Generativity drives digital innovation and platform growth by engaging many oth ... Expand

Abstract: Generativity drives digital innovation and platform growth by engaging many other businesses with diverse digital skills and resources in a digital platform. As the proliferation of generativity research grows, the Information Systems (IS) literature demonstrates the basic understanding of this notion in the areas of properties of digital technologies, social events, and/or the interaction between these two without an integrated view of how generativity is raised to enable the digital innovation. Therefore, considering that digital platforms are a kind of ecosystem, we aim to develop a new understanding of this emerging phenomenon by employing a holistic perspective. Through the information ecology theoretical lens, we develop a digital generativity process model that explains how the technological and social resources interact to generate perpetual digital innovation in digital platform ecosystems (DPE). This study contributes to generativity research by providing a dynamic and holistic view of generativity formalization in DPEs. Collapse

Topics: innovation management digital ecosystem digital innovation digital platform technological change

Methods: business process modeling qualitative content analysis literature sample grounded theory applicability check

Guidelines for the Development of Three-Level Models: Bridging Levels of Analysis and Integrating Contextual Influences in IS Research

2023 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Venkatesh, Viswanath; Weng, Qin; Rai, Arun; Maruping, Likoebe

Abstract: The use of multilevel analysis has steadily increased in information systems (IS ... Expand

Abstract: The use of multilevel analysis has steadily increased in information systems (IS) research. Many studies are doing an admirable job of integrating two-level models into their examination of IS phenomena. However, two-level models are limited in how well they enable researchers to (1) more explicitly incorporate context into theory development and testing and (2) bridge the existing gap between micro- and macrolevel research by focusing on intervening mechanisms that link hierarchically distal levels of analysis. Three-level models have emerged as a potential way to address these limitations. While the literature has clearly outlined the mechanics of how to estimate three-level models, there is very little, if any, guidance on when and how to integrate the use of such models with theory development. Consequently, IS researchers have little guidance to inform their decisions about integrating the use of three-level models with their theory development and testing. In this article, we identify the circumstances under which IS researchers should consider the use of three-level models, develop guidelines about how to map the use of three-level model estimation to the theoretical objectives, and provide an illustration of how to implement the guidelines. Collapse

Topics: offshoring accounting IT project personality internet technology

Methods: theory development hierarchical linear modeling literature study likelihood-ratio test descriptive statistic

Theories: technology acceptance model big five model

Logics' shift and depletion of innovation: A multi-level study of agile use in a multinational telco company

2022 | Information and Organization | Citations: 0

Authors: Annosi, Maria Carmela; Mattarelli, Elisa; Micelotta, Evelyn; Martini, Antonella

Abstract: The use of Agile practices is typically associated to a wide array of benefits f ... Expand

Abstract: The use of Agile practices is typically associated to a wide array of benefits for organizations. This paper extends growing research on the ‘dark’ side of Agile by investigating the depletion of innovation in a large telco company following the large-scale implementation of Agile in R&D units. Our qualitative study reveals a shift in the organizational logics underpinning new product development, from a “navigating through unchartered waters” to a “putting out fires” logic. We tracked the change in key components of logics (goals of teams, source of legitimacy of team members and support and control systems) and explained the multi-level mechanisms through which the shift occurred, i.e., changes in processes of workflow management, work allocation, and performance management. We found that the new organizational logic negatively impacted individual attitudes towards the generation of new ideas by promoting the internalization of short-termism, a perceived drain in competences and confidence, and the lack of accountability for innovation. By focusing on changes in organizational logics, our insights expand current knowledge about the relationship between Agile implementation and individual attitudes. We also explain why unexpected effects of Agile implementation may go undetected in organizations, because they derive from multi-level, diffused, changes in the organization. Collapse

Topics: innovation management new product development agile software development research and development user attitude

Methods: qualitative interview theory development survey qualitative coding field study