Telepresence in live-stream shopping: An experimental study comparing Instagram and the metaverse

2023 | Electronic Markets | Citations: 0

Authors: Barta, Sergio; Gurrea, Raquel; Flavián, Carlos

Abstract: Advances in digital platforms allow influencers to use live shows to showcase pr ... Expand

Abstract: Advances in digital platforms allow influencers to use live shows to showcase products, which has given rise to live-stream shopping. Moreover, new communication forms have emerged, such as the metaverse. The social interactions that occur in these immersive environments foster influencer-follower interactions. This research compares the impact of live-stream shopping on followers’ experiences and behaviors on two communication channels (live shows on Instagram and in the metaverse) and analyses the moderating role of content involvement in telepresence. Data were collected in a between-subjects quasi-field experiment. Two scenarios that differed in degree of telepresence were created, a live show on Instagram and a live show in the metaverse. The results showed that telepresence is an important part of the user experience and in the success of live shows. Telepresence was seen to have a major influence on experiential value, but not on instrumental value. Both values provided followers with satisfaction with the experience. This satisfaction generated stickiness intention and intention to recommend the influencers’ live shows. The effect of telepresence on experiential value was greater for followers less involved with the influencer’s content. This research is pioneering in comparing an established platform, Instagram, with the metaverse. Despite the greater experiential value provided by the metaverse, to increase its instrumental value metaverse spaces needs to be further developed. Collapse

Topics: video conference virtual reality Instagram social network social media

Methods: survey field experiment statistical power analysis statistical hypothesis test experimental group

Theories: technology acceptance model

Network Centralization and Collective Adaptability to a Shifting Environment

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 1

Authors: Bernstein, Ethan S.; Shore, Jesse C.; Jang, Alice J.

Abstract: We study the connection between communication network structure and an organizat ... Expand

Abstract: We study the connection between communication network structure and an organization’s collective adaptability to a shifting environment. Research has shown that network centralization—the degree to which communication flows disproportionately through one or more members of the organization rather than being more equally distributed—interferes with collective problem-solving by obstructing the integration of existing ideas, information, and solutions in the network. We hypothesize that the mechanisms responsible for that poor integration of ideas, information, and solutions would nevertheless prove beneficial for problems requiring adaptation to a shifting environment. We conducted a 1,620-subject randomized online laboratory experiment, testing the effect of seven network structures on problem-solving success. To simulate a shifting environment, we designed a murder mystery task and manipulated when each piece of information could be found: early information encouraged an inferior consensus, requiring a collective shift of solution after more information emerged. We find that when the communication network within an organization is more centralized, it achieves the benefits of connectivity (spread of novel better solutions) without the costs (getting stuck on an existing inferior solution). We also find, however, that these benefits of centralization only materialize in networks with two-way flow of information and not when information only flows from the center of the network outward (as can occur in hierarchical structures or digitally mediated communication). We draw on these findings to reconceptualize theory on the impact of centralization—and how it affects conformity pressure (lock-in) and awareness of diverse ideas (learning)—on collective problem-solving that demands adaptation.History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Experiments in Organizational Theory.Funding: The authors acknowledge financial support from the Division of Research at the Harvard Business School for making this research possible. Collapse

Topics: social influence problem solving internet technology social network debugging

Methods: experiment machine learning simulation Poisson regression logistic regression

Theories: organizational theory

Gender, Pay Transparency, and Competitiveness: Why Salary Information Sometimes, but Not Always, Mitigates Gender Gaps in Salary Negotiations

2023 | Group Decision and Negotiation | Citations: 0

Authors: Bear, Julia B.; Pinkley, Robin; Barsness, Zoe; Mazei, Jens; Bhatia, Nazli; Sleesman, Dustin J.

Abstract: Although pay transparency is a widely accepted remedy for the gender pay gap, re ... Expand

Abstract: Although pay transparency is a widely accepted remedy for the gender pay gap, research has devoted little attention to the specific types of salary information that are available to job seekers and whether the framing of this information moderates gender differences in negotiation outcomes. We first conducted an exploratory study to investigate whether men and women differ in how much they rely on and perceive the usefulness of various sources of salary information. A survey of experienced MBA students revealed that, relative to women, men tend to place greater value on sources that involve direct social comparisons (e.g., professional networks) as opposed to more aggregate, general sources (e.g., websites). We then conducted a controlled experiment using a hypothetical job offer negotiation to determine whether framing salary information in terms of social comparison moderates gender gaps in salary requests. Our results supported a moderated mediation model, revealing that men requested higher salaries than women when presented with upward social comparison information (i.e., what a more qualified employee earns), but not downward (i.e., what a less qualified employee earns) or lateral comparison information (i.e., what a similarly qualified employee earns). These effects were driven by heightened competitiveness among men. We also discovered that both men and women experienced the greatest boost in competitiveness and salary requests when presented with downward social comparison information. Overall, salary information is effective in reducing gender gaps, but the effects are nuanced, as they depend on the social comparison inherent to the information. Collapse

Topics: IT career website

Methods: archival research parametric test ANOVA theory development experiment

When Does the Pre-entry Experience of New Entrants Improve Their Performance? A Meta-Analytical Investigation of Critical Moderators

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Cao, Zhi; Posen, Hart E.

Abstract: Although pre-entry experience is widely regarded as a critical asset that positi ... Expand

Abstract: Although pre-entry experience is widely regarded as a critical asset that positively influences new entrant performance, empirical support is mixed. To address this inconsistency, we conduct a meta-analysis of the empirical findings in 272 papers. We draw theoretically on the organizational learning literature to argue that the pre-entry experience–new entrant performance relationship is contingent on the characteristics of pre-entry experience, the environmental context of the new entrant, and the interaction between the two. In particular, we examine the effects of two levels of pre-entry experience (firm and founder), four types of founder-level pre-entry experience (entrepreneurial, managerial, industry, and functional experience), and two types of environments (industry and institutional). The meta-analysis results show a significant and positive correlation between founder-level pre-entry experience and economic performance of 0.07. Likewise, the failure rates of spinouts and diversifying entrants are 11% lower than that of start-ups. The moderating analysis results show that the correlation of founder-level pre-entry experience and economic performance is lower in knowledge- or technology-intensive (KTI) industries and higher in low-KTI manufacturing and service industries. The correlation is also higher in institutional environments with high power distance and individualism. These findings provide compelling new evidence for the importance of pre-entry experience and advance our understanding of the boundary conditions on the pre-entry experience–new entrant performance relationship. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1589. Collapse

Topics: national culture organization learning entrepreneurship productivity research and development

Methods: descriptive statistic hazard function meta analysis literature sample chi squared test

Using machine learning to create and capture value in the business models of small and medium-sized enterprises

2023 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Costa-Climent, Ricardo; Haftor, Darek M.; Staniewski, Marcin W.

Abstract: Start-ups have revolutionised many economic ecosystems, becoming innovation pion ... Expand

Abstract: Start-ups have revolutionised many economic ecosystems, becoming innovation pioneers around the world. Most are based on data-driven business models, particularly relying on machine learning technologies. However, not all start-ups that use machine learning technologies manage to create and capture value. The existing literature on the use value enabled by information technologies does not take into account the unique capabilities of machine learning. The theory of data network effects offers a promising explanation of how to create value using machine learning. However, it does not explicitly describe how to capture value using machine learning. In contrast, business model theory explains how companies use technologies to create and capture value, but not specifically through the use of machine learning technology. Therefore, this study aims to improve the theo­ retical understanding of the key drivers of value creation and capture in start-ups with business models driven by this kind of technology. Statistical techniques are used in a sample of 122 start-ups to explore the theoretical relationships between these two theories. The analysis reveals the link between specific value creation and capture factors of the two theories, such as efficiency, novelty, and performance expectancy. The study also provides evidence of the need to adopt a co-evolutionary perspective of value creation and capture through the use of machine learning. Collapse

Topics: value creation Twitter social media database system website

Methods: descriptive statistic theory development regression analysis method general multivariate regression model linear regression analysis

Predictive Validation of Interaction Terms in PLS-SEM

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Danks, Nicholas; Ray, Soumya

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Methods: partial least squares path modeling simulation structural equation modeling descriptive statistic statistical hypothesis test

Exploring the Role of Organizational Mindfulness on Cloud Computing and Firm Performance: The Case of Kenyan Organizations

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Oredo, John; Dennehy, Denis

Abstract: The popularity and use of cloud computing has largely been driven by the reporte ... Expand

Abstract: The popularity and use of cloud computing has largely been driven by the reported benefits on firm performance. Despite this technology providing a paradigm shift in information technology (IT) services, the process through which the adoption of cloud computing effects organizational performance in the context of developing countries is still unclear. The aim of this study is to provide a theoretical discussion that advances our understanding about the mediating and moderating roles of organizational mindfulness in the context of cloud computing adoption and organizational performance. A research model is developed and tested using structural equation modelling. A firm level cross sectional survey was conducted on a sample of 180 organizations in the financial, manufacturing and IT sectors in Kenya. The findings reveal that organizations need to systematically develop mindfulness capabilities to benefit from the adoption of cloud, and IT innovations in general. The study has implications for research and practice. Collapse

Topics: mindfulness cloud computing organizational productivity digital innovation technology adoption

Methods: partial least squares path modeling survey mediation analysis statistical hypothesis test PLS tool

Situational Contingencies in Susceptibility of Social Media to Phishing: A Temptation and Restraint Model

2023 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Qahri-Saremi, Hamed; Turel, Ofir

Abstract: User susceptibility to phishing messages on social media is a growing informatio ... Expand

Abstract: User susceptibility to phishing messages on social media is a growing information security concern. Contingency factors that can influence this susceptibility and the theoretical mechanisms through which they operate need more scholarly attention. To bridge this gap, we present a temptation and restraint (TR) model (a specific manifestation of the dual–system theory) of social media phishing susceptibility, which explains it as an outcome of a struggle between users' temptation toward engaging with a social media phishing message and their cognitive and behavioral restraint against it. The balance in this struggle is a function of various situational contingencies. First, via a Delphi study, we identify four key situational contingency factors in the context of social media that can influence this balance: (1) poor sleep quality, (2) social media ostracism, (3) source likability, and (4) fear appeals. Next, via five randomized controlled experiments using an ostensible social media paradigm with social media users, we show that the TR model explains (a) why and how users engage with social media phishing messages, and (b) when users are more or less susceptible to it based on key situational contingency factors. Our findings offer a nuanced perspective on social media phishing susceptibility, elucidate the fundamental roles of situational contingencies in the genesis of social media phishing victimization, and delineate important directions for future research in this area Collapse

Topics: social media phishing armed conflict decision making user behavior

Methods: experiment regression analysis method delphi study analysis of covariance mixed method

Theories: big five model dual-system theory

Do Asynchronous Courses Work? Comparisons of Student Performance in a Multimodal Undergraduate Database Course

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Kinnett, Seth J.; Steinbach, Theresa A.

Abstract: Advances in digital learning technologies and connectivity tools coupled with t ... Expand

Abstract: Advances in digital learning technologies and connectivity tools coupled with the COVID-19 pandemic have led to increased online course offerings. As online courses gain popularity, it becomes more important to assess their efficacy in assuring student learning. In the domain of Information Systems (IS) pedagogy, the teaching of database courses is under-researched. This study employs quantitative methods to evaluate differences in academic performance between students in an on-campus modality compared to an online asynchronous offering of the same introductory undergraduate database course. In particular, we compare mean scores across the performance evaluation categories of attendance, quizzes, assignments, final exam, and cumulative final scores. Results indicate the raw mean scores for the oncampus section exceeded the online section across every category, but only assignment and attendance averages were significantly higher for the on-campus section when bootstrapped across 1000 samples. These results inform remedial measures to improve student engagement in these categories. Collapse

Topics: database system online learning system C++ pandemic spreadsheet

Methods: Student's t-test Levene's test parametric test statistical hypothesis test survey

Theories: learning theory

A Meta-Analysis of Funder’s intention on Crowdfunding Platforms

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Goyal, Sandeep; Chauhan, Sumedha; Gupta, Parul; Motiwalla, Luvai

Abstract: Crowdfunding, a technology-based alternative for raising capital, has attracted ... Expand

Abstract: Crowdfunding, a technology-based alternative for raising capital, has attracted many researchers to investigate the factors influencing the behavioral intention of the funders and fund-seekers. However, empirical results reported by the existing studies have been fragmented so far. Prior studies have failed to provide a clear understanding of the moderating role of national culture. This meta-analytic study presents and tests a conceptual framework in the context of crowdfunding investigates the key factors influencing the funder's intention as well as studies the moderating role of Hofstede's four cultural dimensions. Drawing on data from 50 articles (51 studies) representing the sample size of around 19700 funders or projects, our results highlight that all the nine hypothesized relationships are significant and positive. The moderator results also indicate that all four cultural dimensions significantly moderate most of the hypothesized relationships. Finally, the implications for future research and practice as well as future recommendations are discussed. KeywordsCrowdfunding, Hofstede cultural dimensions, meta-analysis, behavioral intentions. Collapse

Topics: crowdsourcing crowdfunding behavioral intention database system intrinsic motivation

Methods: meta analysis conceptual modelling moderation analysis descriptive statistic literature sample

Theories: unified theory of acceptance and use of technology technology acceptance model