Data Hierarchies: The Emergence of an Industrial Data Ecosystem

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Svendsrud, Daniel; Paparova, Dragana

Abstract: In this paper, we empirically investigate the emergence of an industrial data e ... Expand

Abstract: In this paper, we empirically investigate the emergence of an industrial data ecosystem in the heavy-asset oil and gas industry in Norway, as a business-to-business data platform gets introduced. Conceptually, we build on ecosystem complementaritiesphysical assets, digital technologies, data -which yield larger value when combined, rather than when used separately by actors. Our specific focus lies in exploring the role of complementarities in the emergence of data ecosystems. Our findings offer two contributions. First, we show how industrial data ecosystems emerge as actor and data complementarities restructure existing actor relations. Second, we conceptualize data hierarchies, as specific types of data complementarities, which correspond to the hierarchical ordering of physical assets in the oil and gas heavy-asset industry. Collapse

Topics: digital ecosystem value creation business-to-business mobile application predictive maintenance

Methods: case study machine learning computational algorithm data modeling theory development

Status differentials and framing in the implementation of IT-enabled task migration strategies

2022 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 0

Authors: Brooks, Jade Wendy; Ravishankar, M. N.; Oshri, Ilan

Abstract: In globally distributed environments, gaps exist between an organisational-level ... Expand

Abstract: In globally distributed environments, gaps exist between an organisational-level decision to migrate IT-enabled tasks and the actual execution of strategy since a high-level consensus does not always specify the precise sequencing and pacing of task migration in detail. This absence of operational-level detailing can trigger status-led enactments of power. Drawing on a qualitative case study of a distributed finance function in a global logistics firm, this paper explores how high-status business units (BU) frame their task migration actions and contrasts it with how a low-status support unit frames and accounts for the actions of high-status BUs. The findings show how high-status BUs frame their own actions as protecting, supporting and monitoring the migrated tasks while the low-status support unit frames the same set of actions as resisting, interfering and hypercriticizing. Theoretically, the paper suggests that during the implementation of task migration strategies, frames deployed by a low-status unit considers its weaker position of power and serves to neutralise conflict with the more powerful, higher-status unit. Collapse

Topics: logistics management onshoring systems implementation virtual teamwork organization structure

Methods: qualitative interview case study field study longitudinal research triangulation

Are Foreign and Domestic Information Technology Professionals Complements or Substitutes?

2022 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 1

Authors: Mithas, Sunil; Chen, Yanzhen; Liu, Che-Wei; Han, Kunsoo

Abstract: The globalization of work raises important questions related to the employment o ... Expand

Abstract: The globalization of work raises important questions related to the employment of workers across geographies and how the complementarity or substitution of workers across country borders influences firm profitability. In particular, tension often exists regarding the substitution or complementarity of workers located outside the U.S. or within the U.S. for American firms. We investigate this question in the context of information technology (IT) professionals and assess how domestic and foreign IT professionals contribute to firm profit by utilizing a rare firm-level dataset with information on the locational composition of IT professionals within and outside the U.S. Exploiting a labor market supply-side exogenous shock induced by the American Competitiveness in the Twenty-First Century Act (AC21), which increased the availability of H-1B visas in the U.S. in 2001, we find that foreign IT professionals located offshore and American IT professionals located onshore complement each other in generating profits. Our model and empirical findings are important both for informing firm choices and for shaping and creating public policies that so far appear to have been informed more by emotion than by data and science. Collapse

Topics: IT workforce IT job research and development outsourcing offshoring

Methods: instrumental variables estimation robustness check Compustat survey econometric modeling

Theories: theory of economic recessions economic production theory

Transferring Knowledge by Transferring Individuals: Innovative Technology Use and Organizational Performance in Multiunit Firms

2022 | Organization Science | Citations: 1

Authors: Stadler, Christian; Helfat, Constance E.; Verona, Gianmario

Abstract: Transferring individuals who possess relevant knowledge from one organizational ... Expand

Abstract: Transferring individuals who possess relevant knowledge from one organizational unit to another—a form of resource redeployment—may help to overcome impediments to knowledge transfer. Despite the promise of this mechanism, which often occurs through intrafirm geographic mobility, relatively little research has examined how the knowledge and expertise of individuals interacts with the organizational resources of the units to which individuals move. This study examines whether intrafirm geographic mobility improves organizational performance by providing a conduit for the transfer of knowledge while accounting for the interaction between individual knowledge and factors at the organization-unit level of analysis. We analyze the performance effects of the transfer of engineers who have expertise in innovative process technologies. The results from a large multinational company show that the innovative process technology-related expertise of an individual engineer who moves to a new organizational unit is positively associated with the performance of that unit, suggesting that intrafirm geographic mobility improves organizational performance by providing a conduit for the transfer of knowledge. The results also show that the technology-related knowledge of engineers is a substitute for organization-level factors when a unit uses only technologies with which it is already familiar, whereas the technology-related knowledge of engineers is a complement to organization-level factors when units introduce new technologies. Thus, individuals who bring novel expertise to their organizational units through intrafirm mobility may be important vehicles for organizational learning and building new competences, helping to diffuse best practices. Collapse

Topics: information system use organizational productivity knowledge sharing human resource management accounting

Methods: instrumental variables estimation descriptive statistic qualitative interview longitudinal research robustness check

Sociotechnical Implementation of Prescriptive Maintenance for Onshore Wind Turbines

2022 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Strack, Bernhard; Frank, Jana; Stich, Volker; Lenart, Martin; Pfau, Florian

Abstract: Electricity generated by wind turbines (WT) is a mainstay of the transition to r ... Expand

Abstract: Electricity generated by wind turbines (WT) is a mainstay of the transition to renewable energy. In order to economically utilize WT is, operating and maintenance costs, which account for 25% of total electricity generation costs in onshore WT’s, are a focus of cost reduction activities. Implementing a data-driven prescriptive maintenance approach is one way to achieve this. So far, various approaches for prescriptive maintenance for onshore WT’s have been suggested. However, little research has addressed the practical implementation considering sociotechnical aspects. The aim of this paper is therefore to identify success factors for the successful implementation of such a maintenance strategy with clear and holistic guidance on how existing knowledge on prescriptive maintenance from science can be transferred to business practice. These recommendations are developed through case study research and classified in the four structural areas of Acatech’s Industry 4.0 Maturity Index: Resources, Information Systems, Organizational Structure and Culture. Collapse

Topics: organization structure onshoring pandemic industry 4.0 production management

Methods: qualitative interview case study field study multiple case study

Determinants of trust in computer-mediated offshore software-outsourcing collaboration

2021 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Cheng, Xusen; Fu, Shixuan; de Vreede, Gert-Jan

Abstract: Vendors and clients collaborate on outsourcing projects through virtual teams. T ... Expand

Abstract: Vendors and clients collaborate on outsourcing projects through virtual teams. Trust is an important indicator of mutual relationships that lead to successful projects. This study’s objective is to investigate the determinants of trust in different stages of collaboration during offshore software-development outsourcing. Using a case study approach to collect data, we find that reputation, a cognition-based trust factor, influences clients’ trust in vendors in the team-forming stage. Responsible team climate, a knowledge-based trust factor, impacts clients’ trust in vendors in the team-storming and norming stages of software design and development. Structural assurance, an institutional trust factor, encourages vendors’ trust in clients in the same team-storming and norming stages of software design and development. Benefit, a calculative-based trust factor, influences vendors’ trust in clients in the team-performing stage of software delivery and implementation. Our research findings have implications for software-outsourcing collaboration theories and practices and may have implications beyond that sphere, including team building in multiple contexts and environments. Collapse

Topics: systems design systems development outsourcing offshoring video conference

Methods: qualitative interview case study longitudinal research theory development triangulation

Theories: management theory

Panel: Future of Work: the College of Senior Scholars' Panel

2021 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Joseph, Damien; Levina, Natalia; Niederman, Fred; Willcocks, Leslie; Armstrong, Deborah

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: IT supported collaboration remote work offshoring onshoring

Theories: theory of economic crises

A quantitative and qualitative study of the link between business process management and digital innovation

2021 | Information & Management | Citations: 6

Authors: Van Looy, Amy

Abstract: The information revolution leaves its mark on businesses, resulting in organizat ... Expand

Abstract: The information revolution leaves its mark on businesses, resulting in organizations looking for digital inno­ vation (DI) to apply to their business processes and anticipate competitors. Since the interplay between business process management (BPM) and DI has been underdeveloped, this mixed-methods article investigates the strength and nature of the relationship. We supplement the findings of an international survey (stage 1) with explanations from an expert panel (stage 2) to generalize a positive yet moderate link because of manifold contextual factors affecting strategic decision-making. We extend the technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework and profile organizations along their digital process innovation (DPI) mastery in a readiness matrix. Collapse

Topics: innovation management business process management decision making business model information systems strategy

Methods: survey qualitative interview expert panel maturity model parametric test

Theories: theory of everything management theory

Digital Twin: Generalization, characterization and implementation

2021 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 2

Authors: VanDerHorn, Eric; Mahadevan, Sankaran

Abstract: Digital Twin is one of the promising digital technologies being developed at pre ... Expand

Abstract: Digital Twin is one of the promising digital technologies being developed at present to support digital trans­ formation and decision making in multiple industries. While the concept of a Digital Twin is nearly 20 years old, it continues to evolve as it expands to new industries and use cases. This has resulted in a continually increasing variety of definitions that threatens to dilute the concept and lead to ineffective implementations of the tech­ nology. There is a need for a consolidated and generalized definition, with clearly established characteristics to distinguish what constitutes a Digital Twin and what does not. This paper reviews 46 Digital Twin definitions given in the literature over the past ten years to propose a generalized definition that encompasses the breadth of options available and provides a detailed characterization which includes criteria to distinguish the Digital Twin from other digital technologies. Next, a process and considerations for the implementation of Digital Twins is presented through a case study. Digital Twin future needs and opportunities are also outlined. Collapse

Topics: digital twin production management onshoring systems implementation virtual world

Methods: data modeling case study simulation

Exploring Tensions and Unifying Discourses in Globally Networked R&D Work

2021 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Vartiainen, Katriina

Abstract: Organizing software research and development (R&D) in different globally distri ... Expand

Abstract: Organizing software research and development (R&D) in different globally distributed work (GDW) settings is common today. GDW often involves collaboration challenges and tensions related to cultural differences, asymmetric organizational positions, and other boundaries. Previous research has provided exceptional insight into tensions between onshore and offshore actors, and cross-cultural issues in GDW. However, less is known about what kind of tensions and collaborative discourses appear in globally networked organizations with accrued experience of GDW. This qualitative case study with software R&D professionals in India explores tensions and unifying discourses in a networked GDW setting. The findings indicate three sources of tensions, which appear work context-related rather than arising from onshoreoffshore oppositions, and several types of unifying discourses reflecting collaborative approaches and mutual learning in a global environment. The paper contributes to theory and practice in understanding manifestation and evolution of tensions, and how they may be greeted in different GDW settings. Collapse

Topics: research and development offshoring onshoring knowledge sharing organizational culture

Methods: qualitative interview case study personal interview theoretical contribution