How Best to Hunt a Mammoth - Toward Automated Knowledge Extraction From Graphical Research Models

2023 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Huettemann, Sebastian; Mueller, Roland M.; Larsen, Kai R.; Dinter, Barbara; Chiny, Joshua Campos

Abstract: ... Expand

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Topics: knowledge repository database system knowledge base application programming interface Python

Methods: design science metamodel computational algorithm machine learning literature study

Information Extraction from Invoices: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Datasets with High Layout Variety

2021 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Krieger, Felix; Drews, Paul; Funk, Burkhardt; Wobbe, Till

Abstract: Extracting information from invoices is a highly structured, recurrent task in a ... Expand

Abstract: Extracting information from invoices is a highly structured, recurrent task in auditing. Automating this task would yield efficiency improvements, while simultaneously improving audit quality. The challenge for this endeavor is to account for the text layout on invoices and the high variety of layouts across different issuers. Recent research has proposed graphs to structurally represent the layout on invoices and to apply graph convolutional networks to extract the information pieces of interest. However, the effectiveness of graph-based approaches has so far been shown only on datasets with a low variety of invoice layouts. In this paper, we introduce a graph-based approach to information extraction from invoices and apply it to a dataset of invoices from multiple vendors. We show that our proposed model extracts the specified key items from a highly diverse set of invoices with a macro 𝐹! score of 0.8753. Collapse

Methods: machine learning BERT word embedding literature study experiment

Towards Natural Language Processing: An Accounting Case Study

2020 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Mayer, Joerg Hans; Stritzel, Oliver; Esswein, Markus; Quick, Reiner

Abstract: Natural language processing (NLP) helps to extract data from digitized documents ... Expand

Abstract: Natural language processing (NLP) helps to extract data from digitized documents. An interesting use case occurred with the International Financial Reporting Standard 16. Following design science research in information systems, the objective of this article is to lay out design guidelines to automate data extraction from physical leasing contracts by applying NLP. Taking a leading international technology group in the areas of specialty glass and glass-ceramics as our case study, we discuss as follows: (1) The data format of the receiving IS is a sine qua non requirement of the project. Thus, set up the NLP process from the end of the project. (2) Evaluate machine readability of the input documents before preprocessing. List most frequent extraction issues in a manual early in the process. (3) Cluster documents regarding their structure and content beforehand. Then, apply a specifically trained ML algorithm for each cluster. (4) A trainer should guide the machine. Use recall and precision as measures. (5) Design an intuitive user interface by offering both parallel windows and a highlighting feature to offer a quick comparison even for complex contract documents. (6) Project iterations are worthwhile until a stable process is achieved. Collapse

Topics: database system user interface data quality accounting information retrieval

Methods: design guideline natural language processing qualitative interview case study data modeling

Theories: information systems success model technology acceptance model

Towards an Integrative Approach for Automated Literature Reviews Using Machine Learning

2020 | HICSS | Citations: 1

Authors: Tauchert, Christoph; Darmstadt, TU; Bender, Marco; München, TU

Abstract: Due to a huge amount of scientific publications which are mostly stored as unstr ... Expand

Abstract: Due to a huge amount of scientific publications which are mostly stored as unstructured data, complexity and workload of the fundamental process of literature reviews increase constantly. Based on previous literature, we develop an artifact that partially automates the literature review process from collecting articles up to their evaluation. This artifact uses a custom crawler, the word2vec algorithm, LDA topic modeling, rapid automatic keyword extraction, and agglomerative hierarchical clustering to enable the automatic acquisition, processing, and clustering of relevant literature and subsequent graphical presentation of the results using illustrations such as dendrograms. Moreover, the artifact provides information on which topics each cluster addresses and which keywords they contain. We evaluate our artifact based on an exemplary set of 308 publications. Our findings indicate that the developed artifact delivers better results than known previous approaches and can be a helpful tool to support researchers in conducting literature reviews. Collapse

Topics: Python application programming interface information overload information retrieval open source

Methods: hierarchical clustering topic model cluster analysis design artifact simulation

Journey towards agility

2019 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Dreesen, Tim; Binzer, Björn; Diegmann, Phil; Rosenkranz, Christoph

Abstract: After more than 15 years since the Agile Manifesto and extensive research on agi ... Expand

Abstract: After more than 15 years since the Agile Manifesto and extensive research on agile software development (ASD) for nearly three decades, a comprehensive body of knowledge is available and is constantly growing. ASD is considered an effective way for managing software development projects in environments characterized by rapidly changing requirements. This study aims to shed light on the existing knowledge on ASD by applying a structured literature review and computer aided analysis consisting of distinct text mining techniques. We analyzed a sample of 1,376 papers and provide results from articles among relevant information systems research as well as computer science conferences and journals. Based on our approach, we are able to (1) evaluate key articles and journals, (2) analyze the development of ASD research in the last three decades and, most importantly, (3) identify research foci of the past as well as gaps in our knowledge on ASD. Collapse

Topics: agile software development information technology capability requirements analysis pair programming problem solving

Methods: topic model design methodology literature study literature sample structured literature research

From Facebook to the Streets: Russian Troll Ads and Black Lives Matter Protests

2019 | HICSS | Citations: 2

Authors: Etudo, Ugochukwu; Yoon, Victoria; Yaraghi, Niam

Abstract: Online trolling is typically studied in the IS literature as an uncoordinated, a ... Expand

Abstract: Online trolling is typically studied in the IS literature as an uncoordinated, anarchic activity. Coordinated, strategic online trolling is not well understood despite its prevalence on social media. To shed light on this prevailing activity, the present study examines the proposition that coordinated online trolling is timed to leverage macro societal unrest. In testing this proposition, we analyzed the dynamics of the Russian State’s coordinated trolling campaign against the United States beginning in 2015. Using the May 2018 release of all Russian Troll Facebook advertisements, this study constructs a topic model of the content of these ads. The relationship between ad topics and the frequency of Black Lives Matter protests is examined. We argue that the frequency of Black Lives Matter protests proxies for civil unrest and divisiveness in the United States. The study finds that Russian ads related to police brutality were issued to coincide with periods of higher unrest. This work also finds that during periods of relative calm (evidenced by lower frequency of protests) Russian ads were relatively innocuous. Collapse

Topics: Facebook application programming interface missing data internet technology Python

Methods: topic model time series analysis longitudinal research term frequency–inverse document frequency data transformation

Theories: theory of information warfare

On the Relationship Between Firms and Their Legal Environment: The Role of Cultural Consonance

2019 | Organization Science | Citations: 7

Authors: Giorgi, Simona; Maoret, Massimo; J. Zajac, Edward

Abstract: In this study we seek to reconcile diverging dominant views on the relationship ... Expand

Abstract: In this study we seek to reconcile diverging dominant views on the relationship between firms and their legal environment by offering a cultural contingency perspective. We begin by accepting the notion that a new law will likely exert a powerful influence on targeted firms and that firms’ strategic responses include efforts to shape the impact of the new law. However, we suggest that the success of such response will be contingent on the degree of cultural consonance of firms’ strategic responses and the dominant cultural context at that time. We elaborate this view in our detailed qualitative and quantitative analyses of the automotive Safety Act of 1966 and the response by targeted firms. We provide evidence showing that the changes in the degree of cultural consonance of firms’ strategic response and the predominant cultural beliefs/values explain both the early failure of firms’ efforts to shape the impact of the law in the mid-1960s and the later success by the end of the 1970s. We highlight how firms’ cultural context provides both a constraint and an opportunity for firms seeking to shape legal environmental pressures, and we conclude by discussing the implications of our dynamic contingency perspective for research on law, culture, and strategy. Collapse

Topics: cost benefit analysis semantic network Google+ database system legal context

Methods: topic model qualitative content analysis archival research triangulation natural language processing

Theories: organizational theory theory of affordance

A Novel Hybrid Optical Character Recognition Approach for Digitizing Text in Forms

2019 | DESRIST | Citations: 0

Authors: Graef, Roland; Morsy, Mazen M. N.

Abstract: The huge amount of document-based processes has considerably contributed to the ... Expand

Abstract: The huge amount of document-based processes has considerably contributed to the need of automated systems which are able to appropriately digitize text in documents concerning forms. For example, the text in scanned administrative forms is not accessible without an adequate conversion from pixels to editable text. Against this background, many organizations tap the potential of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) as it is capable of supporting the digitization of text in documents. However, there is still a lack of integrated OCR approaches, considering both handwritten and machine printed texts, which are both of major importance in the context of digitizing text in forms. To address this problem, we propose a new hybrid OCR approach recognizing handwritten and machine printed text based on neural networks in an integrated perspective. We demonstrate the practical applicability of our approach using publicly available forms on which the approach could be successfully applied. Finally, we evaluate our novel hybrid approach in comparison to existing state-of-the-art approaches. Collapse

Topics: database system business process automation

Methods: artificial neural network optical character recognition design science literature study

Information Systems as Representations: A Review of the Theory and Evidence

2019 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 28

Authors: Recker, Jan; Indulska, Marta; Green, Peter; Burton-Jones, Andrew; Weber, Ron

Abstract: Representation theory proposes that the basic purpose of an information system ( ... Expand

Abstract: Representation theory proposes that the basic purpose of an information system (IS) is to faithfully represent certain real-world phenomena, allowing users to reason about these phenomena more costeffectively than if they were observed directly. Over the past three decades, the theory has underpinned much research on conceptual modeling in IS analysis and design and, increasingly, research on other IS phenomena such as data quality, system alignment, IS security, and system use. The original theory has also inspired further development of its core premises and advances in methodological guidelines to improve its use and evaluation. Nonetheless, the theory has attracted repeated criticisms regarding its validity, relevance, usefulness, and robustness. Given the burgeoning literature on the theory over time, both positive and negative, the time is ripe for a narrative, developmental review. We review representation theory, examine how it has been used, and critically evaluate its contributions and limitations. Based on our findings, we articulate a set of recommendations for improving its application, development, testing, and evaluation. Collapse

Topics: knowledge representation affordance systems analysis information system use search engine

Methods: literature sample qualitative coding computational algorithm machine learning literature study

Theories: theory of affordance representation theory

Journey Towards Agility: Three Decades of Research on Agile Information Systems Development

2018 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 6

Authors: Diegmann, Phil; Dreesen, Tim

Abstract: After more than 15 years since the Agile Manifesto and extensive research on agi ... Expand

Abstract: After more than 15 years since the Agile Manifesto and extensive research on agile information systems development for nearly three decades, a comprehensive body of knowledge is available and is constantly growing. Agile information systems development is considered an effective way for managing information systems development projects in environments characterized by rapidly changing requirements. This study aims to shed light on the existing knowledge on agile information systems development by applying a structured literature review and computer aided analysis consisting of distinct text mining techniques. We analyzed a sample of 775 papers and provide results from articles among the Senior Scholars’ Basket, selected information systems conferences, and selected journals from management and computer science. Based on our approach, we are able to (1) evaluate key articles and journals, (2) analyze the development of agile information systems development research in the last three decades and, most importantly, (3) identify research foci of the past as well as gaps in our knowledge on agile information systems development for further research. Collapse

Topics: agile software development pair programming requirements analysis extreme programming problem solving

Methods: design methodology topic model literature study literature sample structured literature research