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Information systems as a nexus of information technology systems: A new view of information systems practice
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2022 | Journal of Information Technology | Citations: 0
Authors: Baskerville, Richard L; Davison, Robert M; Kaul, Mala; Malaurent, Julien; Wong, Louie HM

Abstract: The close relationship between the concepts of information systems and informati ... Expand

Abstract: The close relationship between the concepts of information systems and information technology creates issues for researchers. Usefully distinguishing between the concepts is problematic. We investigate the use of the systems concept in practice, finding a pragmatic distinction between an information system (IS) and an information technology system (IT system). In a practice view, an IS incorporates an emphasis on both a technical and a social subsystem, while an IT system predominantly emphasizes the technical elements. This distinction becomes useful in practice because contemporary IS practitioners are often involved in acquiring and integrating IT systems into an organizational IS. This involvement leads to a viewpoint on the organizational IS (including the social subsystem) as a nexus of multiple IT systems. This nexus creates issues in practice for not only integrating IT systems into the organizational IS, but also integrating multiple IT systems with each other in the context of the organizational IS. These issues lead to research opportunities such as the need for new methodologies for IT system acquisitions and new theories that accommodate the social integration of IT systems and IS. Collapse

Semantic filters: soft systems theory

Topics: IT workforce system integration pseudonymity digital ecosystem electronic finance

Methods: qualitative interview design artifact theory development literature sample field study

Theories: soft systems theory general systems theory
Modelling Interfaces and Things Within the Decentralized Ecosystems of the Internet of Things

2020 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Pym, David; Venters, Will

Abstract: The Internet of Things concerns extensive ecosystems of 'things' connected by in ... Expand

Abstract: The Internet of Things concerns extensive ecosystems of 'things' connected by interfaces. Researching such ecosystems is challenging given that devices extend into multiple administrative domains with different boundaries and communications structures. In this paper, we explore how formalism, based on systems thinking and mathematical logic, might be used within a critical realist study of a sociotechnical IoT ecosystem. Specifically, we draw upon theories of distributed systems and their models to define IoT things in terms of locations, resources, and processes. Next, we explain how a formal logic can be used define and reason about IoT things and interfaces, explaining also the logically defined concepts of compositionality and local reasoning. Finally, we show how such models can be used to study a specific IoT ecosystem in order to derive generative mechanisms relevant to the socio-technical complexity of IoT ecosystems. In this way, we explore how we might introduce formal modelling within a critical realist epistemology. Collapse

Semantic filters: soft systems theory

Topics: internet of things mobile system distributed system knowledge representation mobile application

Methods: mathematical model ontological modelling design science simulation digital trace data

Theories: soft systems theory
TOWARDS A UNIFYING FRAMEWORK FOR DESIGN AND ACTION-ORIENTED IS RESEARCH

2019 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Drechsler, Andreas

Abstract: The paper presents an initial version of a framework that illustrates the high-l ... Expand

Abstract: The paper presents an initial version of a framework that illustrates the high-level similarities across several common forms of design or action-oriented IS research, such as design science research (DSR) focused on developing meta-artefacts or artefact instances, action design research (ADR), or canonical action research (CAR). The paper further illustrates how these forms of design or action-oriented IS research emphasise different forms of knowledge utilisation and contribution potentials, the design of different solution entities, and pursue different paths towards achieving real-world impact. Researchers can utilise the framework to guide their choice of a research approach at the start of the project or become aware of yet untapped knowledge contribution potentials in their chosen one. Further research can expand the scope of the frameworks beyond DSR, ADR and CAR, or draw on the framework to investigate the potential of leveraging good research practices or research outcomes developed for/by one form of research for the other forms. Collapse

Semantic filters: soft systems theory

Topics: participatory design knowledge utilization

Methods: action research design science design methodology action design research

Theories: soft systems theory
MANAGING BIG DATA ANALYTICS PROJECTS: THE CHALLENGES OF REALIZING VALUE

2019 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Jensen, Maria Hoffmann; Nielsen, Peter Axel; Persson, John Stouby

Abstract: Organizations invest significantly in Big Data Analytics (BDA), but only limited ... Expand

Abstract: Organizations invest significantly in Big Data Analytics (BDA), but only limited knowledge is available on the challenges faced by these organizations when trying to realize value in such projects. Benefits realization management (BRM) offers a perspective and processes for realizing value from information systems (IS) projects. Yet, limited research has investigated how this can be applied to development processes for BDA projects. We report an in-depth case study of a large organization’s BDA development processes and the inherent challenges of realizing value. From our analysis, we found eight necessary activities for realizing value in a BDA process and the challenges pertaining to each activity. These findings extend previous research on value creation in BDA projects with insights from practices in a large organization highly dedicated to exploiting Big Data. The paper discusses these findings as they relate to previous research and concludes with their implications for current BDA projects and future research. Collapse

Semantic filters: soft systems theory

Topics: big data value creation analytical information system organizational change problem solving

Methods: conceptual modelling case study qualitative interview participant observation qualitative coding

Theories: soft systems theory
The Appreciative System, Learning And Its Impact Upon Is Design
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2017 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Stowell, Frank; Cooray, Shavindrie

Abstract: Many researchers and practitioners recognize that there is a link between the fa ... Expand

Abstract: Many researchers and practitioners recognize that there is a link between the failures of information system (IS) provision and flawed Information Requirements Definition (IRD). Misinformation arises from defective communication between clients and analysts and lead to situations where the actual requirements of clients are not identified and properly represented in the subsequent information system. Recent research suggests that this could be the result of inquiry methods that do not subscribe to known learning theories and instead focus on contextual factors affecting client learning. In this paper, we explore the underpinning ideas of client-driven requirements definition and attempt to find a way of “navigating” the gap between what the client wants and what the technical expert can provide. The approach described stimulates client learning, which we suggest is a fundamental component of a successful outcome. We propose a method of requirements analysis that has shown its value in helping to overcome the communication gap between client and developer while creating a collaborative learning environment. The lessons learnt from this research may provide an interface for other technology driven development methods. Collapse

Semantic filters: soft systems theory

Topics: agile software development misinformation systems development requirements elicitation IT project

Methods: use case diagram design science field study literature sample action research

Theories: soft systems theory learning theory
A Systemic Framework for Improving Clients' Understanding of Software Requirements

2015 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Wing, Jeanette W; Andrew, Theo N.; Petkov, Doncho

Abstract: This research proposes a systemic framework for the understanding of client requ ... Expand

Abstract: This research proposes a systemic framework for the understanding of client requirements in Information System development that is particularly relevant for project contexts characterized by diversity of stakeholder values and significant complexity. In spite of the strong research tradition associated with Soft Systems Methodology and the growing interest in the Work System Method, the level of use of those by practitioners is not high as such situations require harnessing the strengths of more than one methodology. The paper explores the selection of techniques from three systems methodologies and mixing them to be applied in the process of requirements understanding by clients. The mixing of methods from various methodologies is justified through the principles of Critical Systems Practice and the process of their use is guided by Action Design Research. The contribution of the paper for the field of Information Systems is in the proposal of a more powerful framework for promoting organizational learning about software requirements understanding by clients. Collapse

Semantic filters: soft systems theory

Topics: requirements analysis organization learning user requirement requirements elicitation sensemaking

Methods: theoretical contribution design science action design research

Theories: work systems theory soft systems theory
Latent Semantic Analysis: five methodological recommendations
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2012 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 57
Authors: Evangelopoulos, Nicholas; Zhang, Xiaoni; Prybutok, Victor R.

Abstract: The recent influx in generation, storage, and availability of textual data prese ... Expand

Abstract: The recent influx in generation, storage, and availability of textual data presents researchers with the challenge of developing suitable methods for their analysis. Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), a member of a family of methodological approaches that offers an opportunity to address this gap by describing the semantic content in textual data as a set of vectors, was pioneered by researchers in psychology, information retrieval, and bibliometrics. LSA involves a matrix operation called singular value decomposition, an extension of principal component analysis. LSA generates latent semantic dimensions that are either interpreted, if the researcher's primary interest lies with the understanding of the thematic structure in the textual data, or used for purposes of clustering, categorization, and predictive modeling, if the interest lies with the conversion of raw text into numerical data, as a precursor to subsequent analysis. This paper reviews five methodological issues that need to be addressed by the researcher who will embark on LSA. We examine the dilemmas, present the choices, and discuss the considerations under which good methodological decisions are made. We illustrate these issues with the help of four small studies, involving the analysis of abstracts for papers published in the European Journal of Information Systems. Collapse

Semantic filters: soft systems theory

Topics: information retrieval systems implementation virtual reality IS discipline

Methods: data transformation cluster analysis factor analysis term frequency–inverse document frequency literature sample

Theories: soft systems theory
A Model-Driven Method for the Systematic Literature Review of Qualitative Empirical Research

2012 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Oates, Briony June; Edwards, Helen; Wainwright, David William

Abstract: This paper explores a model-driven method for systematic literature reviews (SLR ... Expand

Abstract: This paper explores a model-driven method for systematic literature reviews (SLRs), for use where the empirical studies found in the literature search are based on qualitative research. SLRs are an important component of the evidence-based practice (EBP) paradigm, which is receiving increasing attention in information systems (IS) but has not yet been widely-adopted. We illustrate the model-driven approach to SLRs via an example focused on the use of BPMN (Business Process Modelling Notation) in organizations. We discuss in detail the process followed in using the model-driven SLR method, and show how it is based on a hermeneutic cycle of reading and interpreting, in order to develop and refine a model which synthesizes the research findings of previous qualitative studies. This study can serve as an exemplar for other researchers wishing to carry out model-driven SLRs. We conclude with our reflections on the method and some suggestions for further research. Collapse

Semantic filters: soft systems theory

Topics: database system business process management decision making organizational context virtual teamwork

Methods: modeling language business process model and notation synthesis design science conceptual modelling

Theories: soft systems theory
FACTORS INFLUENCING LONG TERM DYNAMICS OF HEALTH CARE SUPPLY AND DEMAND

2012 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Smits, Martin; Roos, Egbert

Abstract: Governments and other policy makers use long-term planning models to support wor ... Expand

Abstract: Governments and other policy makers use long-term planning models to support workforce planning decisions for regulating care markets and to ensure accurate balancing between care supply and demand. Our aim is to understand long-term effects of workforce planning decisions on care markets, in order to enhance health care policy making. We identify 25 key factors that influence care demand and supply based on literature analysis and analysis of a planning model for long term care development currently used in the Netherlands. We depict a model that relates these key factors together, and, ultimately construct a system dynamics model to predict long-term development of specialist care supply and demand. We conclude that long-term developments of care markets are not only determined by these 25 factors but also by dynamic interactions among three markets: (1) the specialist care markets, (2) the personnel markets in hospitals and specialist groups, and (3) the specialist training markets. Planning models must include such interactions to ensure valid long-term predictions of markets and workforce needs. Collapse

Semantic filters: soft systems theory

Topics: decision making decision support system spreadsheet health information system decision support

Methods: system dynamics simulation literature study qualitative interview action research

Theories: soft systems theory
Why situational method engineering is useful to information systems development
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2011 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 0
Authors: White Baker, Elizabeth

Abstract: Effective methods and methodologies for building information systems (IS) remain ... Expand

Abstract: Effective methods and methodologies for building information systems (IS) remain crucial to building successful IS. This paper investigates the use of situational method engineering for IS development (ISD) projects in a professional bureaucracy. This specialist organization methodology (SOM) is built starting with the philosophy of ISD moving through to flexible, amethodical implementation methods, a proposed instance of situational method engineering that is targeted towards professional bureaucracies. An in-depth philosophical discussion of the ontological, epistemological, research methodological and ethical underpinnings of SOM are outlined, in addition to its limitations, to develop the building blocks of a methodology to implement within a professional bureaucracy organization ISD scenario. Amethodical ISD will be introduced as the appropriate way to implement this developed methodology to build a successful IS. The contribution of this paper is to detail how to develop a philosophically consistent methodology for a specific organizational environment (in this case, using the specific organizational example of a professional bureaucracy) that, when combined with developers and tools, can create a method to be applied to build an IS that has a greater possibility of successful organizational adoption than an IS built using a method devised using more common IS method engineering approaches. Collapse

Semantic filters: soft systems theory

Topics: organization structure systems development system development method organizational culture requirements analysis

Methods: design artifact ontological modelling

Theories: general systems theory soft systems theory

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Found 34 articles

Information systems as a nexus of information technology systems: A new view of information systems practice

Modelling Interfaces and Things Within the Decentralized Ecosystems of the Internet of Things

TOWARDS A UNIFYING FRAMEWORK FOR DESIGN AND ACTION-ORIENTED IS RESEARCH

MANAGING BIG DATA ANALYTICS PROJECTS: THE CHALLENGES OF REALIZING VALUE

The Appreciative System, Learning And Its Impact Upon Is Design

A Systemic Framework for Improving Clients' Understanding of Software Requirements

Latent Semantic Analysis: five methodological recommendations

A Model-Driven Method for the Systematic Literature Review of Qualitative Empirical Research

FACTORS INFLUENCING LONG TERM DYNAMICS OF HEALTH CARE SUPPLY AND DEMAND

Why situational method engineering is useful to information systems development