The Generative Mechanisms Behind Technology-Enabled Health Behavior Change

2021 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Rieder, Annamina; Lehrer, Christiane; Eseryel, Yeliz; Jung, Reinhard

Abstract: Wearables are used to help motivate individuals to trade their unhealthful beha ... Expand

Abstract: Wearables are used to help motivate individuals to trade their unhealthful behaviors for beneficial ones, thereby preventing the diseases of affluence, which are caused by a sedentary lifestyle. However, inconclusive study results regarding the effectiveness of wearables raise questions about the outcomes of using wearables. Research on the topic paints an ambiguous picture regarding the support wearables offer users in performing beneficial health-related behaviors, leaving the underlying mechanisms of wearable use and its outcomes unexplained. We seek to fill this gap in the literature by means of a critical realist study based on thirty narrative interviews with long-term users of wearables. By identifying seven generative mechanisms that drive users' interactions with wearables and the subsequent cognitive and behavioral outcomes of that use, we answer the research question concerning how and why users' interactions with wearables can facilitate positive behavioral and cognitive outcomes. The study makes several contributions to theory and practice. Collapse

Topics: smart wearable device mobile system knowledge representation health information system anonymity

Methods: qualitative interview ontological modelling cross sectional research

The show must go on - virtualisation of sport events during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Westmattelmann, Daniel; Grotenhermen, Jan-Gerrit; Sprenger, Marius; Schewe, Gerhard

Abstract: Due to the high risk of COVID-19 transmission, many sport events, including orga ... Expand

Abstract: Due to the high risk of COVID-19 transmission, many sport events, including organised cycling competitions, have been cancelled. Nevertheless, staying active is important for individual well-being and professional athletes need to compete to earn their living. We propose that mixed-reality applications like ZWIFT allow people to conduct virtually mediated sports competitions, which resemble traditional sport realistically and could serve as a remedy for this contradiction. To test this proposition, we compare professional cyclists’ performance data from virtual competitions with data obtained from traditional cycling races and find that the physical activities are comparable. Thus, we contribute to the discussion on the distinctiveness of sports and eSport. Moreover, we interview 11 professional cyclists, who participated in virtual race series regarding their evaluation of the virtualisation of cycling events. Accordingly, we contribute to the literature on mixed-reality applications by focusing on user perceptions of a novel and physical dimension of virtually mediated interaction. Thereby, we apply the sports digitalisation framework proposed by Xiao et al. (2017). Professional athletes mainly perceive the virtualisation of sport as positive, but also mention some specific risks. Consequently, we derive implications for practice that include the supportive role of virtual sport to help master pandemics such as COVID-19. Collapse

Topics: pandemic virtual world esport computer hardware extended reality

Methods: qualitative interview sentiment analysis electrocardiography qualitative coding survey

Happy Together - How can Virtual Leaders Foster Team Cohesion?

2021 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Zeuge, Anna; Schaefer, Cindy; Weigel, Andreas; Niehaves, Bjoern

Abstract: The impact of COVID-19 on teamwork came abrupt and transformed nearly all teams ... Expand

Abstract: The impact of COVID-19 on teamwork came abrupt and transformed nearly all teams into virtual teams. A special challenge for leaders of virtual teams, not only in the pandemic, is to foster team cohesion, which positive influences team performance. However, many virtual leaders do not implement cohesion-empowering measures, which in turn can reduce team members' feeling of belonging to both the team and the organization. Our research responds to this short-coming and presents measures which virtual leaders can integrate to strengthen cohesion. Within 40 interviews in 24 organizations, we identify a wide and comprehensible overview of measures, which can be categorized into "on the job" and "off the job". Hereby, we not only want to help to overcome the feeling of "loneliness" and "isolation" in the pandemic, but rather contribute to develop a profound feeling of cohesion in virtual teams in the long-term. Collapse

Topics: virtual teamwork pandemic IT supported collaboration IT career

Methods: qualitative interview personal interview survey qualitative coding grounded theory

Unraveling E-Sports Team Tactical Recipes: A Configurational Perspective

2021 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Zhu, Jiantao; Xue, Chenyang; Liu, Quanchen; Tan, Chee-Wee

Abstract: Research on e-Sports teams is gaining momentum. Yet, despite a small but growin ... Expand

Abstract: Research on e-Sports teams is gaining momentum. Yet, despite a small but growing body of work that investigates how team formation affects performance in e-Sports, the bulk of extant literature has primarily accentuated the effects of individualized factors on team performance while neglecting the nature of e-sports competition as a causally complex phenomenon. Consistent with the configurational view, we advance a research model that seeks to unveil how different types of team composition in conjunction with teams' tactical implementation together to impact eventual outcomes. Contextualizing extant literature on team composition to e-sports setting, we delineate team composition into four types (i.e., individual offensive, collective offensive, individual defensive, and collective defensive composition) and divide tactical implementation into three dimensions (i.e., specialization, isolation, and advancing speed). To empirically validate our hypothesized relationships, we employed fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) to analyze data gathered for a popular Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) game. Collapse

Topics: team productivity esport problem solving anonymity

Methods: descriptive statistic longitudinal research fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis autoregressive integrated moving average computational algorithm

Theories: fuzzy set theory

The New Window to Athletes’ Soul – What Social Media Tells Us About Athletes’ Performances

2020 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Gruettner, Arne; Vitisvorakarn, Min; Wambsganss, Thiemo; Rietsche, Roman

Abstract: Professional sports has evolved from a game to an organization that has been cod ... Expand

Abstract: Professional sports has evolved from a game to an organization that has been codified, strategized, and commercialized. One factor that is shaping the sports industry is the pervasiveness of social media. On the one hand, social media is used as a powerful medium for distributing and getting news, engaging in topical discussions, and empowering brands. On the other hand, social media has become a crucial mouthpiece for athletes to interact with peers, share opinions, thoughts, and feelings. However, millions of followers, tweets, and likes later, researchers, practitioners, and athletes alike ask whether social media has an impact on an athlete’s performance. We conducted a social media usage and a sentiment analysis of 124,341 Twitter tweets extracted from 31 tennis athletes. We linked these data to 8,095 corresponding match day performances. The results show that high social media usage has a significant negative impact on athletes’ performance. Collapse

Topics: Twitter social media Facebook Instagram mobile phone

Methods: sentiment analysis Student's t-test parametric test statistical hypothesis test descriptive statistic

Theories: conflict theory

Unraveling the Effects of Experience-Based Faultlines in E-sports Teams: The Moderating Influence of Team Winning Momentum

2020 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Zhu, Jiantao; Liu, Fei; Li, Yijing; Lim, Eric; Tan, Chee-Wee; Liu, Hefu

Abstract: Electronic sports (e-sports) is gaining popularity with more and more individual ... Expand

Abstract: Electronic sports (e-sports) is gaining popularity with more and more individuals participating as players or spectators. To win in professional tournaments, the deliberate selection of team players with diverse experience is necessary to ensure an element of surprise while maintaining a certain degree of coordination. Building on faultlines theory, we posit experience-based faultlines as a focal determinant of team performance in e-sports tournaments. Through a comprehensive review of extant literature, we derive a typology of experience attributes that are implicit to e-sports teams and from which experience-based faultlines could emerge. Analyzing data gathered on 4,051 e-sports teams, this study yields novel insights into how experience-based faultlines affect team performance. Particularly, we discover that experience-based faultlines promote team coordination, which in turn exerts a significantly positive impact on team performance. We further observe that team winning momentum not only impairs team coordination, but it also reduces team performance. Collapse

Topics: team productivity organizational productivity virtual teamwork application programming interface anonymity

Methods: descriptive statistic computational algorithm theoretical contribution synthesis literature sample

Sports clubs’ use of social media to increase spectator interest

2018 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Nisar, Tahir M.; Prabhakar, Guru; Patil, Pushp P.

Abstract: This research aims to give an insight into social media as an online marketing m ... Expand

Abstract: This research aims to give an insight into social media as an online marketing medium used by sports clubs. The research intention is to understand how social media is used to increase customer interactivity and spectator interest. We applied two integrated methods including one new scale to analyse and identify website interactivity and Facebook interactivity of the thirty-two football clubs involved in the 2014–2015 European Champions Cup. Six, seven-point items were used in the scale to measure the degree to which a person believes a website allows a free flow of information. A Pearson correlation of the Facebook pages was used to explore the strength of the relationship between two variables, analysing spectator interactivity. It was found that greater customer interactivity through social media can be deemed attractive and can increase spectatorship. The research also found that the level of website interactivity of a particular football club is not dependent upon their performance within the tournament. Those clubs who perform well, or are in a higher pool in the European Champions, do not appear to engage better with their spectators than the lower pools. The multiple regression results further confirmed these findings. The findings have important implications, which primarily suggest that social media is an effective form of marketing and can be useful in attracting spectators to a sports organization, if used appropriately. Collapse

Topics: website Facebook social media marketing management online marketing

Methods: descriptive statistic parametric test ANOVA survival analysis statistical hypothesis test

Emergent Ecosystem for Radical Innovation: Entrepreneurial Probing at Formula E

2017 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Jarvenpaa, Sirkka; Standaert, Willem

Abstract: Entrepreneurial action is increasingly associated with innovation ecosystems bec ... Expand

Abstract: Entrepreneurial action is increasingly associated with innovation ecosystems because no firm alone can render the complex and interdependent services demanded in markets. Moreover, entrepreneurial firms are increasingly instigators of innovation ecosystems, rather than merely participants. However, particularly in the pursuit of radical innovation, a question arises as to how an entrepreneurial firm begins to form and shape the landscape for an emergent ecosystem. In this paper, we examine the innovation activities of Formula E, a new venture at the hub of an emerging ecosystem, aiming to transform motorsports for digital-native fans. Digital technologies are providing nearly boundless possibilities but represent uncertain opportunities in terms of their ability to engage young fans, who previously have shown little interest in motorsports. We identify probing as a way to use initiatives to provoke engagement and generate openended dialog and discussion. Entrepreneurial probing helps to expand the innovation landscape in search of heterogeneous need-solution pairs. Collapse

Topics: innovation management Facebook Reddit website Twitter

Methods: triangulation qualitative interview literature study cultural probe

On the inaccuracy of numerical ratings: dealing with biased opinions in social networks

2015 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 4

Authors: Centeno, Roberto; Hermoso, Ramón; Fasli, Maria

Abstract: In this work, we study the potential problems emanating from using numerical rat ... Expand

Abstract: In this work, we study the potential problems emanating from using numerical ratings in social networks to rank entities regarding their reputation. In particular, we empirically demonstrate how reputation rankings as collected and managed by current systems are likely to be skewed due to subjectivity problems associated with the use of numerical ratings to encapsulate preferences. With the aim of overcoming these problems, we put forward an approach in which users are asked for their opinions about entities in a comparative fashion. In order to select the most appropriate users to be queried, we take advantage of the social structure derived from the interactions among users and entities following a principle of heterogeneity. Finally, we evaluate the proposed approach in the domain of movie ratings by using real datasets collected from different web sites. Collapse

Topics: social network online reputation system website word of mouth armed conflict

Methods: experiment computational algorithm descriptive statistic cluster analysis literature study

How Knowledge Transfer Impacts Performance: A Multilevel Model of Benefits and Liabilities

2012 | Organization Science | Citations: 15

Authors: Levine, Sheen S.; Prietula, Michael J.

Abstract: When does knowledge transfer benefit performance? Combining field data from a gl ... Expand

Abstract: When does knowledge transfer benefit performance? Combining field data from a global consulting firm with an agent-based model, we examine how efforts to supplement one's knowledge from coworkers interact with individual, organizational, and environmental characteristics to impact organizational performance. We find that once cost and interpersonal exchange are included in the analysis, the impact of knowledge transfer is highly contingent. Depending on specific characteristics and circumstances, knowledge transfer can better, matter little to, or even harm performance. Three illustrative studies clarify puzzling past results and offer specific boundary conditions: (1) At the individual level, better organizational support for employee learning diminishes the benefit of knowledge transfer for organizational performance. (2) At the organization level, broader access to organizational memory makes global knowledge transfer less beneficial to performance. (3) When the organizational environment becomes more turbulent, the organizational performance benefits of knowledge transfer decrease. The findings imply that organizations may forgo investments in both organizational memory and knowledge exchange, that wide-ranging knowledge exchange may be unimportant or even harmful for performance, and that organizations operating in turbulent environments may find that investment in knowledge exchange undermines performance rather than enhances it. At a time when practitioners are urged to make investments in facilitating knowledge transfer and collaboration, appreciation of the complex relationship between knowledge transfer and performance will help in reaping benefits while avoiding liabilities. Collapse

Topics: knowledge sharing organizational memory organizational productivity productivity knowledge creation

Methods: field study agent based simulation experiment factorial experiment ANOVA

Theories: social exchange theory