The Impact of Behavioral Similarity on DSS Advice Acceptance: A Field Experiment

2022 | ACM SIGMIS Database | Citations: 0

Authors: Campbell, Merle; Keil, Mark; Boodraj, Maheshwar

Abstract: Despite the many advantages that decision support systems (DSSs) provide to deci ... Expand

Abstract: Despite the many advantages that decision support systems (DSSs) provide to decision makers, acceptance of advice from these systems has remained relatively low. In this study, we leverage theoretical insights from the literature to build a DSS that is behaviorally similar to its user, with the aim of increasing acceptance of DSS advice. To test whether users would be more accepting of advice from a behaviorally-similar DSS, we conducted a field experiment in a complex semi-structured decision context. The results of our experiment provide empirical evidence that a behaviorally-similar DSS can increase acceptance of advice in semi-structured decision-making contexts. Collapse

Topics: decision support system artificial intelligence decision making knowledge work personality

Methods: experiment field experiment robustness check design artifact computational algorithm

The good, the bad, and the ugly: impact of analytics and artificial intelligence-enabled personal information collection on privacy and participation in ridesharing

2022 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Cheng, Xusen; Su, Linlin; Luo, Xin (Robert); Benitez, Jose; Cai, Shun

Abstract: Big data analytics (BDA) and artificial intelligence (AI) may provide both brigh ... Expand

Abstract: Big data analytics (BDA) and artificial intelligence (AI) may provide both bright and dark sides that may affect user participation in ridesharing. We do not know whether the juxtaposed sides of these IT artefacts influence users’ cognitive appraisals, and if so, to what extent will their participative behaviour be affected. This paper contributes to the IS research by uncovering the interplay between the dark and bright sides of BDA and AI and the underlying mechanisms of cognitive appraisals for user behaviour in ridesharing. We performed two phases of the study using mixed-methods. In the first study, we conduct 21 semi-structured interviews to develop the research model. The second study empirically validated the research model using survey data of 332 passengers. We find that the usage of BDA and AI on ridesharing platforms have a bright side (usefulness, “the good”) but also a dark side (uncertainty and invasion of privacy, “the bad and the ugly”). The bright side generates perceived benefits, and the dark side shape perceived risks in users, which discount the risks from the benefits of using the ridesharing platform. Privacy control exerts a positive effect on the perceived benefits to encourage individuals to use the ridesharing platform. Collapse

Topics: ride sharing platform privacy artificial intelligence systems implementation biometric

Methods: qualitative interview survey mixed method personal interview mediation analysis

Theories: privacy calculus theory information systems theory

How Do Individuals Understand Multiple Conceptual Modeling Scripts?

2022 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 5

Authors: Jabbari, Mohammad; Recker, Jan; Green, Peter; Werder, Karl

Abstract: Because most real-world domains intended to be supported by an information syst ... Expand

Abstract: Because most real-world domains intended to be supported by an information system are complex, practitioners often use multiple different types of conceptual modeling scripts to understand them. We performed two experiments to examine how two theoretical factors of multiple scriptscombined ontological completeness and ontological overlap-influence how users develop an understanding of a real-world domain from multiple scripts. Results of the first experiment show that to some degree, ontological overlap improves participants' understanding of a domain, more so than combined ontological completeness. In the second experiment, we tracked the eye movement data of participants to understand how ontological overlap between scripts impacts users' information search and cognitive integration processes. We found that some occurrence of semantically similar constructs between scripts helps individuals to identify and relate constructs presented in different scripts. Users, therefore, can identify and focus on script areas that are relevant to their problem tasks. However, a high level of ontological overlap decreases the attention paid by participants to relevant task-specific areas because they spend more time searching for relevant information. Together, our findings both refine and extend existing conceptual modeling theory. We clarify the dialectics between the full and parsimonious real-world representations offered through multiple scripts and the individual's understanding of the domain that is represented by those scripts. Collapse

Topics: problem solving task productivity systems development IS education information storage and retrieval system

Methods: experiment design science conceptual modelling unified modeling language class diagram

Theories: theory of combined ontological completeness and overlap representation theory

Bitcoin investment: a mixed methods study of investment motivations

2021 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 11

Authors: Mattke, Jens; Maier, Christian; Reis, Lea; Weitzel, Tim

Abstract: Bitcoin is a well-established blockchain-based cryptocurrency that has attracted ... Expand

Abstract: Bitcoin is a well-established blockchain-based cryptocurrency that has attracted a great deal of attention from media and regulators alike. While millions of individuals invest in bitcoin, their motivations for doing so are less clear than with traditional investment decisions. We argue that the technical nature of bitcoin investments gives it unique characteristics and, consequently, that we lack a thorough understanding of how this affects the motivations behind bitcoin investment. We use a mixed method approach consisting of qualitative (n = 73) and quantitative (n = 150) studies and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to identify seven bitcoin-specific motivations (profit expectancy, ease of bitcoin acquisition, support of bitcoin ideology, investment skills, risk affinity, anticipated and experienced inaction regret) and how configurations of them explain bitcoin investment. The findings reveal, among others, that some individuals invest in bitcoin because they support the bitcoin ideology. Contrary to the traditional investment literature, profit expectancy is not a necessary condition to the extent that there is one empirical configuration of motivations that explains that individuals also invest in bitcoin even if they do not expect profits. The results disclose non-trivial investment motivation configurations and lay the groundwork for future studies of the role of cryptocurrencies in society. Collapse

Topics: Bitcoin crowdsourcing crowdfunding blockchain cryptocurrency

Methods: qualitative interview mixed method survey triangulation design artifact

Theories: regret theory fuzzy set theory theory of abduction set theory rational choice theory

Have We Crossed the Uncanny Valley? Understanding Affinity, Trustworthiness, and Preference for Realistic Digital Humans in Immersive Environments

2021 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 27

Authors: Seymour, Mike; Yuan, Lingyao; Dennis, Alan; Riemer, Kai

Abstract: Developers have long strived to create virtual avatars that are more realistic ... Expand

Abstract: Developers have long strived to create virtual avatars that are more realistic because they are believed to be preferred over less realistic avatars. However, an "uncanny valley" exists in which avatars trigger aversion when they are almost but not quite realistic. We used a field study to investigate whether users had different affinity, trustworthiness, and preferences for avatars with two levels of realism, one that was close to human-realistic and one a cartoon caricature. We observed behavior, conducted one-on-one interviews, and collected survey data from SIGGRAPH conference attendees who either participated in a live discussion session between two avatars in a VR environment, or observed it via 3D VR headsets or on a large screen 2D video display. Eighteen sessions were conducted over four days, with the same person animating the human-realistic avatar and different guests animating the caricature avatars. The guests who interacted with the human-realistic avatar had a positive experience in the VR environment. The observers had positive evaluations of both avatars while acknowledging their different levels of realism. They rated the human-realistic avatar as more trustworthy, had more affinity for it, and preferred it as a virtual agent. Participants who observed the interview through VR headsets had an even stronger affinity for the human-realistic avatar and stronger preferences for it than those who observed via the 2D screen. Effect sizes ranged from medium to large. Our results suggest that it is now possible to cross the uncanny valley with human-realistic avatars rendered in real time. Collapse

Topics: virtual reality artificial intelligence user interface technology adoption information system use

Methods: qualitative interview survey mixed method field study theory development

Theories: uncanny valley theory

Code Forking and Software Development Project Sustainability: Evidence from GitHub

2019 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 5

Authors: Negoita, Bogdan; Vial, Gregory; Shaikh, Maha; Labbe, Aurélie

Abstract: Increasing numbers of software projects—proprietary and open source—are develope ... Expand

Abstract: Increasing numbers of software projects—proprietary and open source—are developed and maintained by heterogeneous communities of developers. As a result, the sustainability of software projects has become an important issue for members of those communities and their user bases. Building on the idea of forking as “an individual developer’s behavior of copying an existing project’s code base” and its signaling of active community involvement and participation, we ask the question: How does forking impact the sustainability of software development projects? Through the curation of digital trace data gathered from 749 software projects hosted on GitHub, we develop a longitudinal model to explain the contributions of various types of forking on software development project sustainability. Our findings contribute to research by moving beyond the conceptualization of forking as a monolithic concept and shows the benefits of certain types of forking for software projects’ sustainability. Collapse

Topics: IT development project IT project Python systems development application programming interface

Methods: digital trace data longitudinal research statistical hypothesis test hierarchical linear modeling likelihood-ratio test

Theories: theory of affordance

The Integrated User Satisfaction Model: Assessing Information Quality and System Quality as Second-Order Constructs in System Administration

2016 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Forsgren, Nicole; Durcikova, Alexandra; Clay, Paul F.; Wang, Xuequn

Abstract: While many studies have investigated the relationship between information system ... Expand

Abstract: While many studies have investigated the relationship between information systems (IS) characteristics and IS use, the results have been inconsistent. We argue that this inconsistency may be due to the modeling of information and system quality and the importance of the system usage context. We extend Wixom and Todd’s (2005) integrated model of IS satisfaction by proposing and modeling information and system quality as second-order constructs and by testing the model in the system administration context. Our findings provide support for modeling information and system quality as second-order constructs in the integrated model. Furthermore, our findings support using additional constructs, unique to the context studied, in the integrated model. We contribute to current literature by 1) enhancing the construct validity of information and system quality, which ultimately improves statistical conclusion validity and internal validity for studies that focus on information and system quality; and 2) testing the extended model in the system administration context. Our findings suggest that future research should measure information quality and system quality as second-order constructs and that including context-specific information and system characteristics provides researchers and practitioners with a better understanding of IS characteristics important in system administration. Collapse

Topics: system quality data quality information system use situation awareness user satisfaction

Methods: survey partial least squares regression literature sample descriptive statistic conceptual modelling

Theories: information systems success model

Guidelines for Conducting Mixed-methods Research: An Extension and Illustration

2016 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 10

Authors: Venkatesh, Viswanath; Brown, Susan A.; Sullivan, Yulia W.

Abstract: In this paper, we extend the guidelines of Venkatesh et al. (2013) for mixed-met ... Expand

Abstract: In this paper, we extend the guidelines of Venkatesh et al. (2013) for mixed-methods research by identifying and integrating variations in mixed-methods research. By considering 14 properties of mixed-methods research (e.g., purposes, research questions, epistemological assumptions), our guidelines demonstrate how researchers can flexibly identify the existing variations in mixed-methods research and proceed accordingly with a study design that suits their needs. To make the guidelines actionable for various situations and issues that researchers could encounter, we develop a decision tree to map the flow and relationship among the design strategies. We also illustrate one possible type of mixed-methods research in information systems in depth and discuss how to develop and validate metainferences as the outcomes of such a study. Collapse

Topics: technology adoption innovation management information system use knowledge base user resistance

Methods: mixed method survey triangulation decision tree classification qualitative interview

Understanding the Behavior of Workshop Facilitators in Systems Analysis and Design Projects: Developing Theory from Process Modeling Projects

2015 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 5

Authors: Hjalmarsson, Anders; Recker, Jan; Rosemann, Michael; Lind, Mikael

Abstract: Organizational and technological systems analysis and design practices such as p ... Expand

Abstract: Organizational and technological systems analysis and design practices such as process modeling have received much attention in recent years. However, while knowledge about related artifacts such as models, tools, or grammars has substantially matured, little is known about the actual tasks and interaction activities that are conducted as part of analysis and design acts. In particular, key role of the facilitator has not been researched extensively to date. In this paper, we propose a new conceptual framework that can be used to examine facilitation behaviors in process modeling projects. The framework distinguishes four behavioral styles in facilitation (the driving engineer, the driving artist, the catalyzing engineer, and the catalyzing artist) that a facilitator can adopt. To distinguish between the four styles, we provide a set of ten behavioral anchors that underpin facilitation behaviors. We also report on a preliminary empirical exploration of our framework through interviews with experienced analysts in six modeling cases. Our research provides a conceptual foundation for an emerging theory for describing and explaining different behaviors associated with process modeling facilitation, provides first preliminary empirical results about facilitation in modeling projects, and provides a fertile basis for examining facilitation in other conceptual modeling activities. Collapse

Topics: systems development business process management innovation management organizational change digital innovation

Methods: business process modeling qualitative interview case study design science literature sample

Testing the Impact of Wand and Weber’s Decomposition Model on Process Model Understandability

2014 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Johannsen, Florian; Leist, Susanne; Braunnagel, Daniel

Abstract: Process modeling is becoming increasingly important for business process managem ... Expand

Abstract: Process modeling is becoming increasingly important for business process management initiatives. However, for being able to exploit the benefits associated with business process modeling the process models need to be understandable for its users. It has been shown in literature that the growing size of a process model has a negative effect on its understandability. Decomposition is a means for splitting large process models into smaller subprocess models to increase the understandability. However, it is still unclear what properties actually characterize a good decomposition, while generally accepted guidelines on decomposing process models are missing. We analyze Wand and Weber’s good decomposition model as an approach for creating decomposed process models that are easy to understand. The paper at hand investigates in how far the decomposition conditions influence the understandability of a process model. Using an experiment we show that the decomposition conditions actually do have a positive influence on model understandability. Collapse

Topics: problem solving knowledge representation business process re-engineering business process management

Methods: business process modeling experiment survey design science modeling language