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Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Information Systems: Perspectives to Responsible AI
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2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 2
Authors: Dennehy, Denis; Griva, Anastasia; Pouloudi, Nancy; Dwivedi, Yogesh K.; Mäntymäki, Matti; Pappas, Ilias O.

Abstract: example the responsible design and governance (Mäntymäki et al., 2022b) of AI ... Expand

Abstract: example the responsible design and governance (Mäntymäki et al., 2022b) of AI systems. While organisations are increasingly investing in ethical AI and Responsible AI (RAI) (Zimmer et al., 2022), recent reports suggest that this comes at a cost and may lead to burnout in responsible-AI teams (Heikkilä, 2022). Thus, it is critical to consider how we educate about RAI (Grøder et al., 2022) and rethink our traditional learning designs (Pappas & Giannakos, 2021), as this can influence end-users' perceptions towards AI applications (Schmager et al., 2023) as well as how future employees approach the design and implementation of AI applications (Rakova et al., 2021;Vassilakopoulou et al., 2022).The use of algorithmic decision-making and decisionsupport processes, particularly AI is becoming increasingly pervasive in the public sector, also in high-risk application areas such as healthcare, traffic, and finance (European Commission, 2020). Against this backdrop, there is growing concern over the ethical use and safety of AI, fuelled by reports of ungoverned military applications (Butcher and Beridze, 2019; Dignum, 2020), privacy violations attributed to facial recognition technologies used by the police (Rezende, 2022), unwanted biases exhibited by AI applications used by courts (Imai et al., 2020), and racial biases in clinical algorithms (Vyas et al. 2020). The opacity and lack of explainability frequently attributed to AI systems makes evaluating the trustworthiness of algorithmic decisions challenging even for technical experts, let alone the public. Together with the algorithm-propelled proliferation of misinformation, hate speech and polarising content on social media platforms, there is a high risk for erosion of trust in algorithmic systems used by the public sector (Janssen et al., 2020). Ensuring that people can trust in the algorithmic processes is essential not only for reaping the potential benefits from AI (Dignum, 2020) but also for fostering trust and resilience at a societal level.AI researchers and practitioners have expressed their fears about AI systems being developed that are Collapse

Semantic filters: technological frames of reference

Topics: artificial intelligence IT governance decision making digital economy online learning system

Methods: chatbot theory development case study qualitative interview literature sample

Theories: technological frames of reference
The appropriation of conversational AI in the workplace: A taxonomy of AI chatbot users
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2023 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0
Authors: Gkinko, Lorentsa; Elbanna, Amany

Abstract: There is an exponential growth of the use of AI applications in organisations. D ... Expand

Abstract: There is an exponential growth of the use of AI applications in organisations. Due to the machine learning capability of artificial intelligence (AI) applications, it is critical that such systems are used continuously in order to generate rich use data that allow them to learn, evolve and mature into a better fit for their user and organisational context. This research focuses on the actual use of conversational AI, in particular AI chatbot, as one type of workplace AI application to answer the research question: how do employees experience the use of an AI chatbot in their day-to-day work? Through a qualitative case study of a large international organisation and by performing an inductive analysis, the research uncovers the different ways in which users appropriate the AI chatbot and identifies two key dimensions that determine their type of use: the dominant mode of interaction and the understanding of the AI chatbot technology. Based on these dimensions, a taxonomy of users is presented, which classifies users of AI chatbots into four types: early quitters, pragmatics, progressives, and persistents. The findings contribute to the understanding of how conversational AI, particularly AI chatbots, is used in organi sations and pave the way for further research in this regard. The implications for practice are also discussed. Collapse

Semantic filters: technological frames of reference

Topics: artificial intelligence electronic mail social presence organizational context user experience

Methods: chatbot qualitative interview case study sentiment analysis personal interview

Theories: technological frames of reference adaptive structuration theory structuration theory actor network theory sociomaterialism theory
THE IMPACT OF CEOS’ TECHNOLOGICAL FRAME ON ORGANIZATIONAL AGILITY AND THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF DIGITAL BUSINESS CAPABILITIES: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Glanz, Alena; Greven, Andrea; Brettel, Malte

Abstract: The information systems (IS) literature elaborates on how firms develop organiz ... Expand

Abstract: The information systems (IS) literature elaborates on how firms develop organizational agility based on organizational capabilities to sense and respond to rapidly changing environments. However, the underlying mechanism of how companies and their chief executive officers (CEOs) understand and implement digital technologies to foster organizational agility is lacking. The technological frame concept provides an impetus to explain the process by which CEOs' sensemaking of digital technologies influences organizational agility. Our paper draws on the individual-level perspective of the technological frame concept and proposes a mediating role of digital business capabilities, composed of digital strategy, digital integration, and digital control. Our quantitative research design is based on findings derived from 386 German CEOs and confirms that CEOs' technological frame influences organizational agility through digital business capabilities. Thereby, we expand the concept of the technological frame on the individual level and contribute to the IS literature by revealing the mechanism of how CEOs' sensemaking influences organizational agility. Collapse

Semantic filters: technological frames of reference

Topics: sensemaking information systems strategy information technology capability electronic business systems implementation

Methods: survey partial least squares path modeling descriptive statistic partial least squares regression mediation analysis

Theories: technological frames of reference theory of organizational sensemaking dynamic capabilities theory
Maneuvering between skepticism and optimism about hyped technologies: Building trust in digital twins
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2023 | Information & Management | Citations: 0
Authors: Korotkova, Nataliia; Benders, Jos; Mikalef, Patrick; Cameron, David

Abstract: IT vendors’ promises are likely to meet sound skepticism from prospective client ... Expand

Abstract: IT vendors’ promises are likely to meet sound skepticism from prospective clients. If a particular technology is in vogue and seen as a “hype,” clients are under pressure to buy the technology while, at the same time, skepticism about its claimed benefits might be reinforced. Finding a balance between optimism and skepticism is essential. In this qualitative case study, we examine how an oil and gas supplier company in Norway deals with different pressures when adopting and subsequently implementing digital twin (DT) technologies. DTs offer the promise of creating a digital representation of the physical assets that can keep production facilities operating efficiently and optimally and, as such, have been heralded as enabling the next frontier of productivity improvements. Our results reveal a set of different pressures promoting the decision to adopt the hyped technology. Yet, when descended to the local context, the hype status of DTs evokes multilevel perception segmentation that hype interpreters maneuver by building trust. Based on this analysis, we propose a framework of trust-building mechanisms that contribute to a more nuanced understanding of adoption of hyped technologies and enable practitioners to deal with hype-induced perception obstacles. Collapse

Semantic filters: technological frames of reference

Topics: digital twin production management technology adoption technology diffusion video conference

Methods: qualitative interview case study longitudinal research single case study synthesis

Theories: technological frames of reference institutional theory
Co-Shaping an Ecosystem for Responsible AI: Five Types of Expectation Work in Response to a Technological Frame
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2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0
Authors: Minkkinen, Matti; Zimmer, Markus Philipp; Mäntymäki, Matti

Abstract: Governing artificial intelligence (AI) requires cooperation, although the collab ... Expand

Abstract: Governing artificial intelligence (AI) requires cooperation, although the collaboration’s form remains unclear. Technological frames provide a theoretical perspective for understanding how actors interpret a technology and act upon its development, use, and governance. However, we know little about how actors shape technological frames. In this paper, we study the shaping of the technological frame of the European ecosystem for responsible AI (RAI). Through an analysis of EU documents, we identified four expectations that constitute the EU’s technological frame for the RAI ecosystem. Moreover, through interviews with RAI actors, we revealed five types of expectation work responding to this frame: reproducing, translating, and extending (congruent expectation work), and scrutinizing and rooting (incongruent expectation work). Furthermore, we conceptualize expectation work as actors’ purposive actions in creating and negotiating expectations. Our study contributes to the literature on technological frames, technology-centered ecosystems, and RAI while also elucidating the dimensions and co-shaping of technological frames. Collapse

Semantic filters: technological frames of reference

Topics: artificial intelligence responsible artificial intelligence Twitter value creation electronic mail

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative content analysis personal interview qualitative coding theory development

Theories: technological frames of reference socio technical theory sociotechnical systems theory
Why Work Around the Process? Analyzing Workarounds Through the Lens of the Theory of Planned Behavior
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2023 | Business & Information Systems Engineering | Citations: 1
Authors: Soffer, Pnina; Outmazgin, Nesi; Hadar, Irit; Tzafrir, Shay

Abstract: Workarounds are a common practice in a broad range of organizational and technol ... Expand

Abstract: Workarounds are a common practice in a broad range of organizational and technological contexts, which has received much attention in information systems research. They are sometimes considered negatively, associated with business risks and noncompliance, and sometimes positively, as a source of innovation and improvement. Although workaround-based process improvements typically adopt the workaround if its consequences are not harmful, this is not always the best option. The paper aims to pave the way for leveraging workarounds for process improvement by understanding problems that motivate them, so alternative solutions can be developed for these problems. Despite many proposed explanations, an in-depth understanding of the reasons underlying employee decisions that lead to workarounds is still needed. To this end, following a qualitative research approach, data were collected in six case study organizations, investigating workaround decisions made by employees through the lens of the theory of planned behavior. The principal unique theme running throughout the findings is that workaround motivation stems from perceived misalignment between organizational, local unit, or personal goals and their realization in business processes. Workarounds are enabled by various factors, including perceived workaround opportunities in the organization. These findings are abstracted to form an explanatory model as a contextual adaptation of the theory of planned behavior to explain workaround intentions. The proposed model explains workaround decisions in a way that can leverage this understanding to promote concrete process improvements. Collapse

Semantic filters: technological frames of reference

Topics: business process improvement process mining business process management organizational context data security

Methods: qualitative interview case study modeling language business process model and notation triangulation

Theories: theory of workarounds theory of planned behavior technological frames of reference institutional theory activity theory
Entrepreneurial Framing and Negotiations of Product Boundaries: A Qualitative Study on the Social Construction of Product Innovation in AI Ventures

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Zebhauser, Jonathan; Rothe, Hannes; Sundermeier, Janina; Koranteng, Samuel

Abstract: The diffusion of AI-technology disrupts labor and industries and gives rise to ... Expand

Abstract: The diffusion of AI-technology disrupts labor and industries and gives rise to a diverse range of new ventures and product innovations. Such product innovations involve the negotiation of product boundaries among actors in innovation networks, including ventures, investors, and customers. These negotiations consist of social and cognitive translations. For digital products, actors share a common understanding of resource configuration, mainly based on cognitive resonance. However, AI-driven products introduce the "black-box" problem that hinders cognitive translation-based negotiations within innovation networks, as they are not fully cognitively traceable, but emotionally resonant. Using a qualitative research approach and the notion of entrepreneurial framing, we investigate the impact of AI on the negotiation of product boundaries and digital innovation. We reveal that AI-ventures, to maintain "cognitive" superiority, focus on cutting-edge technology while limiting negotiation to non-technology aspects, such as revenue streams and business models, creating "cognitive moats" for non-expert actors. Collapse

Semantic filters: technological frames of reference

Topics: artificial intelligence innovation management business model digital product digital innovation

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative coding theory development longitudinal research survey

Theories: technological frames of reference
Undesirable framing effects in information systems projects: Analysis of adjective usage in IS project business cases
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2022 | Information & Management | Citations: 0
Authors: Benschop, Nick; Nuijten, Arno L.P.; Hilhorst, Cokky A.R.; Keil, Mark

Abstract: Many information systems (IS) projects encounter significant problems. The liter ... Expand

Abstract: Many information systems (IS) projects encounter significant problems. The literature suggests that decisionmakers can be misled by overoptimistic estimates. We argue that such overoptimism may also be present in the choice of language in business cases. In this study, we analyzed the usage of such framing in 20 business cases for large IS projects of the Dutch government. Our findings show that newly proposed systems are systematically framed using positive adjectives, whereas the existing systems are framed using negative adjectives. This pattern of framing may subconsciously bias the decision-makers toward investing in new IS projects. Collapse

Semantic filters: technological frames of reference

Topics: IT project IT project management project management agile software development

Methods: linguistic analysis chi squared test Z-test qualitative coding nonparametric test

Theories: technological frames of reference
Researching digitalized work arrangements: A Laws of Form perspective
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2022 | Information and Organization | Citations: 0
Authors: Rehm, Sven-V.; Goel, Lakshmi; Junglas, Iris

Abstract: Advances in digitalization have changed our apprehension of technology from disc ... Expand

Abstract: Advances in digitalization have changed our apprehension of technology from discrete devices and application software as bounded artifacts, to dynamically evolving social-material entan glements in Digitalized Work Arrangements (DWA). This development makes studying DWAs increasingly difficult and challenges us to advance our methods that define how we can study, observe, and conceptualize DWAs. In this essay, we draw on the mathematical-logical formalism of the Laws of Form (LoF) (Spencer-Brown, 1969) to analyze how six illustrative IS studies conceptualize the social and the material to arrive at distinct perspectives on DWAs. Our analysis reveals three archetypes that capture these studies’ conceptualizations and that inform a dis cussion of how IS research can extend qualitative methods beyond those six works. We offer two contributions. First, we provide novel insights and explanations to key conceptualizations in the study of DWAs. Second, we present the LoF as a pre-ontological and pre-theoretical formalism that enables commensurability of methods and development of novel qualitative empirical methods. Specifically, we demonstrate how the formalism helps articulating the distinctions we draw to refine our object of study and to critically examine and reconstruct other researchers’ reasoning. Collapse

Semantic filters: technological frames of reference

Topics: systems analysis technological change

Methods: design artifact theory development ontological modelling design science synthesis

Theories: sociomaterialism theory organizational theory theory of affordance technological frames of reference theory of abduction
Designing for Self-Management of Multiple Chronic Conditions by the Aging-at-home

2022 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Purao, Sandeep; Mulgund, Pavankumar

Abstract: Many elderly individuals are aging at home (AAH) as the planet is graying. In t ... Expand

Abstract: Many elderly individuals are aging at home (AAH) as the planet is graying. In the U.S., the number will rise to more than 64 million people by 2040. The AAH are more susceptible to health-related issues due to the normal process of aging coupled with the incidence of multiple chronic conditions (MCC). Self-management of MCC can be cognitively and operationally challenging for the AAH. We are designing digital resources for AAH with MCC following the action design research methodology. In this paper, we describe outcomes from early rounds, including problem formulation with semi-structured interviews of AAH with MCC, exploring theoretical precursors and technology frames, and evaluating design genres to establish a design vision. The outcomes are described as a theory-ingrained, layered digital artifact, MyHealthNotes; along with the results of an initial applicability check and formative usability test. The paper concludes with a discussion of contributions so far and next steps. Collapse

Semantic filters: technological frames of reference

Topics: systems design electronic health record usability information management

Methods: design artifact action design research design science personal interview usability testing

Theories: technological frames of reference

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Found 91 articles

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Information Systems: Perspectives to Responsible AI

The appropriation of conversational AI in the workplace: A taxonomy of AI chatbot users

THE IMPACT OF CEOS’ TECHNOLOGICAL FRAME ON ORGANIZATIONAL AGILITY AND THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF DIGITAL BUSINESS CAPABILITIES: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

Maneuvering between skepticism and optimism about hyped technologies: Building trust in digital twins

Co-Shaping an Ecosystem for Responsible AI: Five Types of Expectation Work in Response to a Technological Frame

Why Work Around the Process? Analyzing Workarounds Through the Lens of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Entrepreneurial Framing and Negotiations of Product Boundaries: A Qualitative Study on the Social Construction of Product Innovation in AI Ventures

Undesirable framing effects in information systems projects: Analysis of adjective usage in IS project business cases

Researching digitalized work arrangements: A Laws of Form perspective

Designing for Self-Management of Multiple Chronic Conditions by the Aging-at-home