Natural Language Processing for Medical Texts – A Taxonomy to Inform Integration Decisions into Clinical Practice

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Braun, Marvin; Kolbe, Lutz; Neumann, Caspar

Abstract: Electronic health records (EHR) have significantly amplified the volume of info ... Expand

Abstract: Electronic health records (EHR) have significantly amplified the volume of information accessible in the healthcare sector. Nevertheless, this information load also translates into elevated workloads for clinicians engaged in extracting and generating patient information. Natural Language Process (NLP) aims to overcome this problem by automatically extracting and structuring relevant information from medical texts. While other methods related to artificial intelligence have been implemented successfully in healthcare (e.g., computer vision in radiology), NLP still lacks commercial success in this domain. The lack of a structured overview of NLP systems is exacerbating the problem, especially with the emergence of new technologies like generative pre-trained transformers. Against this background, this paper presents a taxonomy to inform integration decisions of NLP systems into healthcare IT landscapes. We contribute to a better understanding of how NLP systems can be integrated into daily clinical contexts. In total, we reviewed 29 papers and 36 commercial NLP products. Collapse

Topics: health information system artificial intelligence database system healthcare data information technology infrastructure

Methods: natural language processing computational algorithm information extraction literature sample NLP application

TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION RISK: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Brosnan, Andrew; O'Brien, Jack; Manning, Eimear; Whelan, Abigail; Singh, Milan; Padwalkar, Sumeet; Jayes, Fergus; Murphy, Jason; Treacy, Stephen

Abstract: Digital transformation research and industry adoption has been on the rise over ... Expand

Abstract: Digital transformation research and industry adoption has been on the rise over the past decade with the majority of organisations viewing it as critical to their survival over the next five years. However, in spite of the benefits of digital transformation, it presents a clear risk to organisations such as the requirement to develop innovative products and services while maintaining a stable customer and employee experience. With an estimated 90% of digital transformation projects resulting in failures, several calls have emerged from within the academy for research exploring digital transformation risks and the methodologies to manage them. This article presents a systematic literature review (SLR) of 117 papers from high quality information systems (IS) research outlets. This research identifies six major risks that must be identified, monitored and evaluated to enable digital transformation success. These risks encompass the culture, organisation, processes, and technologies being transformed, along with the stakeholders involved in the initiative, and the overall digital transformation strategy being developed. Collapse

Topics: digital transformation spreadsheet

Methods: structured literature research literature study qualitative content analysis literature sample

Workarounds from an Information Security Perspective: Literature Review

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Essi, Steve; Baker, Elizabeth White

Abstract: The security of every organization is critical and should be proactively planne ... Expand

Abstract: The security of every organization is critical and should be proactively planned. The research field of security, workplace behavior, security safeguards, workarounds, and cybersecurity explores how organizations can effectively strategize and use adaptive security plans to minimize the security vulnerability of organizations. These solutions rely heavily on the technology adopted by organizations that seek to align with policies that safeguard their information assets consciously. However, despite several works in the literature on workarounds, the concept of workarounds that poses a security risk in an organization is still riddled with ambiguities. This review covers current research involving 28 articles across the Association for information systems (AIS) basket of eight conferences and other IS securityrelated journals. Our results identify four major categories that reveal the intersection of workarounds and security in the workplace from recent literature. We further discuss their implications and propose avenues for future research. Collapse

Topics: data security information security risk IT security database system IT security threat

Methods: literature sample literature study action research

Theories: work systems theory

Comments on Evermann and Rönkkö (2023): Recent Developments in PLS

2023 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Goodhue, Dale; Lewis, Will; Thompson, Ron

Abstract: Evermann and Rönkkö (2023) have provided an excellent overview of recent findin ... Expand

Abstract: Evermann and Rönkkö (2023) have provided an excellent overview of recent findings relating to the use of Partial Least Squares (PLS). Their overall message is that if researchers decide to use PLS, they need to ensure that they follow best practices to reduce the possibility of obtaining misleading or erroneous results. We generally agree with many of the specifics of their assessment, but go further to recommend against the use of PLS. In particular, we demonstrate exactly how PLS introduces biases, arguing that the algorithm violates accepted norms for statistical inference. Our final recommendation is for the Editors-in-Chief of top IS research journals to convene a task force to assess the advisability of continuing to accept articles where PLS is used for publication in IS journals. Collapse

Topics: accounting

Methods: partial least squares regression computational algorithm SEM tool

Decolonising critical information systems research: A subaltern approach

2023 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 2

Authors: Masiero, Silvia

Abstract: Theories used in the Information Systems (IS) field come in large majority from ... Expand

Abstract: Theories used in the Information Systems (IS) field come in large majority from authors based in Western countries, a bias that holds for critical theories as well. Such a bias is made more problematic by the mandate of critical theory, which is meant exactly to illuminate the oppressive conditions of the status quo. Against this backdrop, this paper explores the subalternity theory approach – developed by the Subaltern Studies collective from the early 1980s – as an indigenous theory that, proposing a socially and geographically connotated narration of ‘history from below’, can play a major role in the effort to decolonise critical IS research. By positioning subaltern theory in the IS field, the paper offers an alternative to the Western hegemony of critical theories, exploring the potential of such an alternative to voice systematically silenced and marginalised perspectives. Collapse

Topics: information and communication technology for development crowdsourcing resistance to change

Methods: literature sample literature study qualitative content analysis machine learning theory development

Conceptualizing Digital Resilience: An Intellectual Capital Perspective

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Neumannova, Anita; Bernroider, Edward; Obwegeser, Nikolaus

Abstract: In the current era of digital transformations, numerous organizations integrate ... Expand

Abstract: In the current era of digital transformations, numerous organizations integrate information and communication technologies (ICTs) into their core operations. However, such transformations can lead to novel risks that have to be governed in the face of disruptions. The emergence of a new risk landscape has given rise to new concepts aimed at safeguarding ICT-based operations. One of these is digital resilience (DR), a complex concept that has recently received attention from academia and regulatory bodies. However, prior work has often studied it inconsistently and offered different suggestions on how to build DR. To foster a comprehensive understanding of DR within information systems (IS), we have conducted a systematic literature review and conceptualized the problem by drawing on intellectual capital (IC) theory. We contribute to research and organizational practice by offering a novel framework with three main sub-capabilities and a comprehensive range of supporting micro-foundation, which unveils areas for future research. Collapse

Topics: human resource management business model database system implicit knowledge organization structure

Methods: literature sample structured literature research literature study qualitative content analysis

Theories: dynamic capabilities theory

Do SETA Interventions Change Security Behavior? – A Literature Review

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Nwachukwu, Uchechukwu; Vidgren, Jiri; Niemimaa, Marko; Järveläinen, Jonna

Abstract: Information security education, training, and awareness (SETA) are approaches to ... Expand

Abstract: Information security education, training, and awareness (SETA) are approaches to changing end-users’ security behavior. Research into SETA has conducted interventions to study the effects of SETA on security behavior. However, we lack aggregated knowledge on ‘how do SETA interventions influence security behavior?’. This study reviews 21 empirical SETA intervention studies published across the top IS journals. The theoretical findings show that the research has extended Protection Motivation Theory by (1) enhancements to fear appeals; (2) drawing attention to relevance; (3) incorporating temporality; (4) and shifting from intentions to behavior. In terms of behavior, the SETA interventions have targeted (1) information security policy compliance behavior; and (2) information protection behavior. We argue that while these studies have provided insights into security intentions and behavior, knowledge on designing effective SETA training has remained primarily anecdotal. We contribute (1) by pointing out gaps in the knowledge; and (2) by proposing tentative design recommendations. Collapse

Topics: data protection self efficacy web application security policy user behavior

Methods: literature study experiment literature sample design science structured literature research

Theories: protection motivation theory

Deep Learning for Information Systems Research

2023 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 1

Authors: Samtani, Sagar; Zhu, Hongyi; Padmanabhan, Balaji; Chai, Yidong; Chen, Hsinchun; Nunamaker Jr., Jay F.

Abstract: Modern artificial intelligence (AI) is heavily reliant on deep learning (DL), an ... Expand

Abstract: Modern artificial intelligence (AI) is heavily reliant on deep learning (DL), an emerging class of algorithms that can automatically detect non-trivial patterns from petabytes of rapidly evolving "Big Data." Although the information systems (IS) discipline has embraced DL, questions remain about DL's interface with a domain and theory and DL contribution types. In this paper, we present a DL information systems research (DL-ISR) schematic that reviews DL while considering the role of the application environment and knowledge base, summarizes extant DL research in IS, a knowledge contribution framework (KCF) to position DL contributions, and ten guidelines to help IS scholars design, execute, and present DL for computational, behavioral, or economic IS research. We illustrate a research contribution to DL for cybersecurity. This article's contribution to theory resides in the conceptual DL-ISR schematic and KCF, while its contributions to practice are based on its practical guidelines for executing DL-based projects. Collapse

Topics: knowledge base IT security artificial intelligence darknet IT security threat

Methods: Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining data transformation autoencoder computational algorithm econometric modeling

IT-Related Time Poverty: Identifying Antecedents and Consequences of a Lack of Time Related to IT Use

2023 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Schoch, Manfred; Weinert, Christoph

Abstract: Time poverty is the subjective perception of inadequate freely disposable time, ... Expand

Abstract: Time poverty is the subjective perception of inadequate freely disposable time, which results in negative consequences for individuals. Although information systems (IS) research knows that information technology (IT) use change time perception, research is incomplete in explaining IT-related antecedents and consequences of time poverty. Because time is a scarce resource, individuals, organizations, and society have a responsibility to manage time to protect individuals from adverse consequences. We conduct a structured literature review to identify indications of how IT use influences time poverty and its adverse consequences. We identified 16 papers, which we analyzed with respect to different components of IT use and possible consequences of time poverty. Based on the data, we develop an overview of the antecedents and consequences of ITrelated time poverty and a research agenda. We contribute to the research by introducing IT-related time poverty as a new IS construct and providing an in-depth research agenda. Collapse

Topics: information system use IS discipline social norm responsible artificial intelligence

Methods: literature study structured literature research literature sample grounded theory qualitative coding

A Framework of Design Method Corroboration

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Thoring, Katja; Mueller, Roland M.; Lecuna, Alejandro; Badke-Schaub, Petra

Abstract: Practitioners design artifacts of different kinds. Researchers and practitioners ... Expand

Abstract: Practitioners design artifacts of different kinds. Researchers and practitioners both create methods for designing such artifacts. The question arises whether those methods are actually valid and useful. In this conceptual paper, we argue that there is a need for “method corroboration”—the deliberate and reflected use and possible validation of a design method. We present a literature review of method corroboration in the IS and more specifically in the DSR literature. The findings are summarized as a conceptual model outlining eight strategies of method use, which are then condensed into a 2-by-2 framework of method corroboration. The results of this paper present insight into the current state of method corroboration in the DSR field and provide guidance for working with design methods in research and practice. Collapse

Topics: IS discipline crowdsourcing citizen science search engine IT development project

Methods: design methodology literature study conceptual modelling theory development experiment