Decentralization and governance in web 3.0 based play-to-earn games

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Ahsan, Zaid Bin; Gupta, Agam

Abstract: A recurring theme during transition from Web 2.0 to Web 3.0 has been decentrali ... Expand

Abstract: A recurring theme during transition from Web 2.0 to Web 3.0 has been decentralization. Prioritization of decentralized governance has also been recurringly displayed in Web 3.0 based play-to-earn games. Playto-earn games position themselves as differentiators from legacy games, operationalizing this decentralized governance to its participants. We assess and discern how this decentralization is dissipated to its players. By taking three cases of play-to-earn games, we discern mechanisms of their distribution, extent of applicability and implementation around Ostrom's principles of decentralization. We find that even though decentralized governance is professed as one of their aims, its complete implementation is initially held back. While the implementation and degree of change varies, each one encourages longevity of participation through staking. However, with decentralization only still "tokenized", there exists a possibility of authority concentration, instead of decentralization, on play-to-earn gaming platforms. Collapse

Topics: web3

Methods: multiple case study

Developing Blockchain-enabled Marketplace Interfaces: A Design Science Research Study

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Kölbel, Tobias; Zekri, Ahmed; Weinhardt, Christof

Abstract: Digital transformation's scope evolves from being limited to the organizational ... Expand

Abstract: Digital transformation's scope evolves from being limited to the organizational level to inter-organizational collaboration in supply chain networks and business ecosystems.Blockchain-enabled marketplaces have the potential to transform business networks by eliminating intermediaries. To investigate the interface design and visualization of blockchain-enabled marketplaces, we employed a design science methodology and synthesized knowledge from literature, practice, and qualitative expert interviews. Our research provides (1) theoretically grounded and prescriptive knowledge expressed in meta-requirements and design principles inspired by effective use theory, and (2) presents concrete design features and an expository prototype instantiation. The prototype is evaluated through focus group workshops and interviews with experts and potential users. Our work contributes to recent calls to investigate the design and visualization of blockchain-enabled marketplaces, advances research on blockchain applications in B2B contexts, and expands the literature on information system design for marketplace-oriented transformations. Collapse

Topics: usability user interface blockchain 3D printing user experience

Methods: design artifact qualitative interview focus group design process design science

Theories: theory of affordance

Implementing Smart Contracts: The case of NFT-rental with “pay-per-like”

2023 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Schneider, Johannes; Sopi, Alfred; Brocke, Jan vom

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Topics: smart contract blockchain online advertising click fraud mobile application

Methods: design process literature study design science design artifact

Digital Identity Wallets and their Semantic Contradictions

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Smethurst, Reilly

Abstract: In the fight for individual privacy against online surveillance and personal da ... Expand

Abstract: In the fight for individual privacy against online surveillance and personal data breaches, blockchain developers often pitch encrypted wallets as solutions. Five examples from 2021 and 2022 involve BigTech companies or large European governments. On the private side, Jack Dorsey's Block company announced the Web5 Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) Service. Meta and Twitter added support for fictional identities -tokenised avatars or profile pictures like Bored Apes and CryptoPunks, registered to Web3 wallets that putatively offer "self-sovereign ownership". On the public side, the European Commission funded SSI wallet trials for digital diploma credentials. Germany's federal government launched a mobile driving licence (mDL), stored in a SSI wallet. This one term, "SSI", is associated with varying sets of technologies and ethical principles. Following complaints that "SSI" generates confusion, I offer a typology that highlights four semantic contradictions as well as a concept map to guide future research. Collapse

Topics: web3 privacy

“Right-click, Save As” is Dead; Long Live “Right-click, Save As”! – Understanding Profile Picture NFT Business Models in Web3

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Beinke, Jan; Schleh, Daniela; Högemann, Malte; Teuteberg, Frank

Abstract: Blockchain-based non-fungible tokens (NFTs) have heralded a new age of digital ... Expand

Abstract: Blockchain-based non-fungible tokens (NFTs) have heralded a new age of digital ownership, enabling business models across various applications. Representing noninterchangeable, physical or digital objects, particularly the subcategory of profile picture (PFP) projects gained considerable attention in 2021. However, a comprehensive analysis providing insights into the design of PFP business models is still missing. Therefore, we analyzed the business models of successful PFP projects in an iterative study. We combined a literature review with the empirical analysis of 60 projects, resulting in two outcomes: (1) A taxonomy that uncovers crucial dimensions and characteristics, and (2) five business model archetypes representing common combinations of these attributes. Our research provides insights into key patterns of PFP projects and their business models. We also enable practitioners to better understand and manage the opportunities and challenges associated. Collapse

Topics: business model website blockchain social media cryptocurrency

Methods: cluster analysis literature study case study qualitative content analysis structured literature research

Giant or Dwarf? A Literature Review on Blockchain-enabled Marketplaces in Business Ecosystems

2022 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Kölbel, Tobias; Dann, David; Weinhardt, Christof

Abstract: While advocates argue for the disruptive impact of marketplace business models a ... Expand

Abstract: While advocates argue for the disruptive impact of marketplace business models and Blockchain in various regards, their practical effects on today’s organizations are still limited. This study reviews the current body of literature on Blockchain-enabled Marketplaces in Business Ecosystems, outlines present scopes, and disregarded topics. Our review shows that publications predominantly focus on conceptual models that favor Blockchain-for-all-solutions and neglect several fundamental marketplace dimensions. We raise a critical voice regarding the status quo and outline paths for future research. Collapse

Topics: blockchain digital ecosystem database system IS discipline value creation

Methods: literature study literature sample mathematical model computational algorithm theory development

Theories: game theory

Editor's Comments: Qualitative Research Methods in Information Systems: A Call for Phenomenon-Focused Problematization

2022 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 0

Authors: Monteiro, Eric; Constantinides, Panos; Scott, Susan; Shaikh, Maha; Burton-Jones, Andrew

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Topics: innovation management artificial intelligence mobile system internet of things web3

Methods: computational algorithm theory development archival research grounded theory qualitative interview

Tokens Matter

2022 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Osipenko, Serafima; Sørensen, Carsten

Abstract: During the global pandemic, information workers were abruptly forced to engage ... Expand

Abstract: During the global pandemic, information workers were abruptly forced to engage in virtual work. This paper reports from an experiment seeking to formalize the formalization of small team coordination at London Blockchain Lab through the use of blockchain supported tokenization. The Web3 organizing vision promotes the technology as an enabler of new ways for individuals and organizations to engage in the transparent exchange of scarce digital rights. However, little attention has been paid to the use of blockchain technologies to coordinate distributed collaborative activities. This paper seeks to understand the viability of this vision amongst a community of expected early adopters through design experimentation resulting in interview data. The study points towards the significant gap between the Web3 vision and the problems of realizing this in practice. This highlights fundamental barriers to using blockchain for team collaboration while also pointing toward its potential. Even the most willing and able find it hard to turn code into law through tokenizing collaboration. Collapse

Topics: blockchain pandemic Ethereum web3 social network

Methods: design artifact focus group qualitative interview experiment

Theories: coordination theory

Aligning the interests of newsvendors and forecasters through blockchain-based smart contracts and proper scoring rules

2021 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Carvalho, Arthur; Karimi, Majid

Abstract: We consider a newsvendor setting where the newsvendor elicits a demand forecast ... Expand

Abstract: We consider a newsvendor setting where the newsvendor elicits a demand forecast from an expert to determine the optimal inventory level for a product. Since the interests of both parties might not be aligned, we propose a proper scoring rule to elicit the expert's forecast that is tailored to the decision problem the newsvendor faces. Under the proposed scoring rule, both the newsvendor's expected profit and the expert's expected payment in­ crease as the expert exerts a higher effort when gathering information to formulate a forecast. Trust issues arise in this setting because the ex post payment the expert receives is contingent on the accuracy of the reported forecast, which in turn depends on a future realized outcome that might be only available to the newsvendor. We show that coding the proposed proper scoring rule as a blockchain-based smart contract allows the newsvendor to signal trustworthiness while, at the same time, inducing the expert to devote more effort in information gathering. Following the design science research framework, we conclude the paper by suggesting a design and a fully functional prototype of a blockchain-based smart contract that implements the proposed tailored proper scoring rule. Collapse

Topics: smart contract blockchain Ethereum supply chain management application programming interface

Methods: design principle design artifact design science optimization model theoretical contribution

Theories: game theory transaction cost economics

Bringing transparency and trustworthiness to loot boxes with blockchain and smart contracts

2021 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 8

Authors: Carvalho, Arthur

Abstract: The ever-increasing reliance on loot boxes by the video game industry has attrac ... Expand

Abstract: The ever-increasing reliance on loot boxes by the video game industry has attracted scrutiny from consumer groups and regulators. For example, this practice of selling random assortments of virtual items for a price has been criticized for its lack of transparency since, before purchasing a loot box, players do not necessarily know the possible items they can win and the associated probabilities. Even in the rare cases when the list of items and probabilities are available, there are no guarantees that a game is actually using that information when randomly drawing an item, which naturally results in a trust problem. We draw from decision theory to explain the transparency and trust issues faced by loot boxes, and from a recently proposed decision model by Pedersen et al. (2019) to motivate the use of blockchain technology in this context. Following the design science research framework (Peffers et al., 2007), we then explain how loot boxes can be coded as smart contracts running on a blockchain network, and why this solution effectively tackles the transparency and trust problems we mentioned above. We illustrate the use of the proposed smart contract by developing a decentralized application (DApp) that mimics the process of purchasing and opening a loot box. We carefully analyze our solution by considering its computational complexity, accuracy, security, and cost aspects. We further discuss topics related to gover­ nance and deployment so as to help the video game industry with a potential real-life implementation of our solution. Collapse

Topics: loot box blockchain smart contract Ethereum video game

Methods: computational algorithm design artifact design science Pearson's chi squared test of goodness of fit statistical hypothesis test

Theories: decision theory