How Can You Verify that I Am Using AI? Complementary Frameworks for Describing and Evaluating AI-Based Digital Agents in their Usage Contexts

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Alter, Steven

Abstract: This essay explains complementary frameworks for understanding and managing AI i ... Expand

Abstract: This essay explains complementary frameworks for understanding and managing AI in usage contexts. In contrast with broad generalizations about the nature and impact of AI, those frameworks focus on specific AI-based digital agents used by people and/or machines performing purposeful activities in business, home, or societal environments. The agent responsibility (AR) framework helps in describing roles and responsibilities of specific AI-based digital agents in their usage contexts. The agent evaluation (AE) framework identifies six criteria that different stakeholders might use for evaluating AI-based digital agents. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence accounting decision making

Methods: natural language processing literature sample simulation operations research computational algorithm

Theories: work systems theory

Workarounds from an Information Security Perspective: Literature Review

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Essi, Steve; Baker, Elizabeth White

Abstract: The security of every organization is critical and should be proactively planne ... Expand

Abstract: The security of every organization is critical and should be proactively planned. The research field of security, workplace behavior, security safeguards, workarounds, and cybersecurity explores how organizations can effectively strategize and use adaptive security plans to minimize the security vulnerability of organizations. These solutions rely heavily on the technology adopted by organizations that seek to align with policies that safeguard their information assets consciously. However, despite several works in the literature on workarounds, the concept of workarounds that poses a security risk in an organization is still riddled with ambiguities. This review covers current research involving 28 articles across the Association for information systems (AIS) basket of eight conferences and other IS securityrelated journals. Our results identify four major categories that reveal the intersection of workarounds and security in the workplace from recent literature. We further discuss their implications and propose avenues for future research. Collapse

Topics: data security information security risk IT security database system IT security threat

Methods: literature sample literature study action research

Theories: work systems theory

DRIVING TWIN TRANSFORMATION - THE INTERPLAY OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND SUSTAINABILITY TRANSFORMATION

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Graf-Drasch, Valerie; Kauffeld, Leonie; Kempf, Laura; Oberländer, Anna Maria; Teuchert, Antonie

Abstract: Information systems research and practice have certainly realised the relevance ... Expand

Abstract: Information systems research and practice have certainly realised the relevance of digital transformation. At the same time, societal challenges are pushing sustainability transformation to the top of agendas. Today, both transformations are crucial to organisations' development. However, research and practice typically focus on one of the transformations in isolation or prioritise one over the other. An integrated perspective of the potential at both transformations' interface is missing, which accounts for their interplay on an equal level. We call this interplay twin transformation and present a twin transformation model building on a structured literature review. The twin transformation model reflects the mutually reinforcing relationships of digital transformation and sustainability transformation on eight organisational layers. Therewith, we uncover how digital transformation enables sustainability transformation and how sustainability transformation redesigns digital transformation. Our research contributes to descriptive knowledge and forms the basis for further theorising while offering practitioners inspiration to pursue twin transformation. Collapse

Topics: database system societal challenge digital transformation manufacturing information system information exchange

Methods: structured literature research theory development literature sample qualitative coding theoretical contribution

Theories: work systems theory

Decoding Data Products – Through the Lens of Work System Theory

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Hasan, M Redwan; Legner, Christine

Abstract: Data products are seen as important levers in repurposing the large volumes of ... Expand

Abstract: Data products are seen as important levers in repurposing the large volumes of data that are captured in organizations and in satisfying the increasing demand for analytics. Despite the increasing popularity of the data product concept, it remains unclear how data can be productized. This article proposes work system theory to study the implications data products have for how organizations manage their data. Adopting a multimethod approach involving case studies and focus groups, we identify three types of data products and analyze how organizations coordinate their resources to build work systems around each data product type. Our findings contribute to the ongoing discourse on scaling data and analytics capabilities to repurpose and consume data effectively.(Meierhofer et al. 2019), recent studies have shifted toward a more customer-centric view that drives data product requirements, enables re-use of data for unknown-unknown use cases (Dehghani 2021) and further packages the products with governance elements (Joshi et al. 2021). This indicates a growing interest in how data is actually "productized", which if done well, can lead to the creation of valuable data products.As mentioned, the newness of the debate on data products means we still know little about what "productizing data" means. Considering the literature, we distinguish four themes (Table 1): (i) production process focusing on the interaction between various resources while creating data products, (ii) the tools and platforms that support the storage and delivery of data products, (iii) data packaging that underscores key social and organizational elements, and (iv) value generation that focuses on customer satisfaction. Collapse

Topics: value creation change management digital dashboard predictive maintenance organizational productivity

Methods: qualitative interview case study focus group mixed method triangulation

Theories: work systems theory

Unlocking the Potential of Smart Technologies: Addressing Adoption Challenges

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Sharma, Sujeet K.; Janssen, Marijn; Bunker, Deborah; Dominguez-Péry, Carine; Singh, Jang Bahadur; Dwivedi, Yogesh K.; Misra, Santosh K.

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence customer relationship management system virtual teamwork offshoring behavioral intention

Methods: field study ethnography literature sample structural equation modeling

Theories: work systems theory unified theory of acceptance and use of technology

Work Systems in the Indian Information Technology (IT) Industry Delivering Artificial Intelligence (AI) Solutions and the Challenges of Work from Home

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Venumuddala, Vinay Reddy; Kamath, Rajalaxmi

Abstract: Our study is based on a workplace ethnography conducted between Jan-May 2020 in ... Expand

Abstract: Our study is based on a workplace ethnography conducted between Jan-May 2020 in an AI research lab of an Indian service-based IT organization, whose operations shifted from co-located work to work from home (WFH) owing to the recent pandemic. The field notes of the ethnographer, working as a full-time intern in a running AI project within this lab, is the basis for the qualitative data for this study. We discuss the socio-technical aspects and the specific challenges of distributed team-working due to the WFH norms facing such emerging research units, which are rapidly diffusing across the IT industry in the offshoring context, particularly in India. We rely on work system theory as a map to bring out key findings from our ethnographic observations. The findings point to the importance of having workflows compatible with the specific work roles in such emerging work systems – particularly for the beginner roles in the AI space. Our study contributes to the IS literature by depicting the challenges of distributed teams in a relatively novel setting emerging in offshoring contexts like the Indian IT sector, and suggests implications for managers handling AI projects and tackling employee-focused Human Resource practices in such settings. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence virtual teamwork offshoring pandemic IT project

Methods: ethnography field study qualitative interview synthesis machine learning

Theories: work systems theory socio technical theory

Public Sector Procurement Digitalization and National Development: The Case of Ghana

2022 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Agbeko, Michael; Effah, John; Boateng, Richard

Abstract: This study aims at understanding the effects of procurement digitalization in t ... Expand

Abstract: This study aims at understanding the effects of procurement digitalization in the public sector on national development in a developing country context. The importance of procurement digitalization by governments to support national development cannot be over emphasis. A growing number of research on procurement digitalization exist, however, this has focused more on the private sector with less attention on the public sector and its effects on national development in developing countries. Given this gap, this paper employs qualitative interpretive case study as the methodology to investigate procurement digitalization in the public sector of Ghana. The findings show that digitalization of public sector procurement in developing countries has positive and negative effects on national development. This results in partial fulfillment of goals for digitalizing public procurement in developing countries. The findings have implications for research, practice, and policy. Collapse

Topics: procurement management government system

Methods: qualitative interview case study field study

Theories: work systems theory

A Framework for Describing Theoretical Perspectives: Overview and Application to the Work System Perspective

2022 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Alter, Steven

Abstract: This paper summarizes a framework for describing theoretical perspectives (an FD ... Expand

Abstract: This paper summarizes a framework for describing theoretical perspectives (an FDTP) and uses it to describe the work system perspective (WSP) in a way that integrates ideas that often had been discussed in isolation from each other. It also illustrates how the FDTP can support application of the WSP to the idea of digital transformation (DT). It discusses the general value of the FDTP along with potential applications. Collapse

Theories: work systems theory

Understanding artificial intelligence in the context of usage: Contributions and smartness of algorithmic capabilities in work systems

2022 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 8

Authors: Alter, Steven

Abstract: This paper presents an approach for describing and characterizing algorithms tha ... Expand

Abstract: This paper presents an approach for describing and characterizing algorithms that are discussed as though they embody artificial intelligence. After identifying observations and assumptions related to algorithms and sum­ marizing the work system perspective (WSP), this paper uses a hypothetical example to show how AI applications can be understood by using the WSP, including the ideas of facets of work and categories and degrees of smartness in devices and systems. It applies those ideas to aspects of five AI-related examples presented by entrepreneurs and researchers at an MIT AI conference in July 2020. Those examples were selected because they illustrated many AI-related issues. This paper’s contribution is a new approach for characterizing real world applications and impacts of almost any system that uses algorithms or is associated with artificial intelligence. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence internet of things mobile system social media blockchain

Methods: computational algorithm

Theories: work systems theory

A Reference Model for Data-Driven Business Model Innovation Initiatives in Incumbent Firms

2022 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Rashed, Faisal; Drews, Paul; Zaki, Mohamed

Abstract: In the past decade, we have witnessed the rise of big data analytics to a well- ... Expand

Abstract: In the past decade, we have witnessed the rise of big data analytics to a well-established phenomenon in business and academic fields. Novel opportunities appear for organizations to maximize the value from data through improved decision making, enhanced value propositions and new business models. The latter two are investigated by scholars as part of an emerging research field of data-driven business model (DDBM) innovation. Aiming to deploy DDBM innovation, companies start initiatives to either renovate their existing BM or develop a new DDBM. Responding to the recent calls for further research on design knowledge for DDBM innovation, we developed a reference model for DDBM innovation initiatives. Building upon a design science research approach and the Work System Theory as a kernel theory and a set of design principles, we propose a reference model comprising a static and a dynamic view. Our results are based on a research study with empirical insights from 18 companies, 19 cases and 16 expert interviews as well as theoretical grounding from a systematic literature research on key concepts of DDBM innovation. The developed reference model fills a gap mentioned in the DDBM innovation literature and provides practical guidance for companies. Collapse

Topics: innovation management enterprise architecture big data business model TOGAF

Methods: reference modelling qualitative interview design principle kernel theory qualitative coding

Theories: work systems theory