Situational Factor Determinants of the Allocation of Decision Rights to Edge Computers

2023 | ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Chua, Cecil Eng Huang; Niederman, Fred

Abstract: Internet of Things (IoT) designers frequently must determine whether action-orie ... Expand

Abstract: Internet of Things (IoT) designers frequently must determine whether action-oriented decisions should be made by edge computers or whether they should be made only by central servers combining input from all edge computers. An important example of this design problem occurs in fire protection IoT, where individual edge computers attached to sensors might be empowered to make decisions (have decision rights) about how to manage the fire. Alternatively, decision rights could be held exclusively by a central server isolated from the fire, because the designer is concerned damage to edge computers could cause them to act unreliably. This research models this allocation of decision rights to identify the relative influence of various decision factors. We first model the allocation of decision rights under the following assumptions: (1) The central server cannot make an error the edge computer cannot make; (2) the central server cannot update the edge computer with its information in a timely manner; and (3) the central server cannot reverse an action initiated by the edge computer to explore the factors impacting decision rights conferral. We then relax each of these three assumptions. We show how relaxing each assumption radically changes the factors impacting decision rights conferral. We also show that allowing the central server to update information on the edge computer or reverse the edge computer's decision making can result in overall lower system performance. We then perform a series of numerical experiments to understand how changing various parameters affect the problem. We show for the general real-world scenario, the key factor influencing the decision is the ability of the edge computer to detect false alarms. We also show magnitude of loss and ratio of real to false incidents have a linear and logarithmic relationship to the reliability of the edge computer. Collapse

Topics: decision making internet of things human in the loop human computer interaction edge computing

Methods: experiment computational algorithm theoretical contribution simulation

The Impact of High-Frequency Trading on Modern Securities Markets

2023 | Business & Information Systems Engineering | Citations: 0

Authors: Clapham, Benjamin; Haferkorn, Martin; Zimmermann, Kai

Abstract: High-frequency traders account for a significant part of overall price formation ... Expand

Abstract: High-frequency traders account for a significant part of overall price formation and liquidity provision in modern securities markets. In order to react within microseconds, high-frequency traders depend on specialized low latency infrastructure and fast connections to exchanges, which require significant IT investments. The paper investigates a technical failure of this infrastructure at a major exchange that prevents high-frequency traders from trading at low latency. This event provides a unique opportunity to analyze the impact of high-frequency trading on securities markets. The analysis clearly shows that although the impact on trading volume and the number of trades is marginal, the effects on liquidity and to a lesser extent on price volatility are substantial when high-frequency trading is interrupted. Thus, investments in high-frequency trading technology provide positive economic spillovers to the overall market since they reduce transaction costs not only for those who invest in this technology but for all market participants by enhancing the quality of securities markets. Collapse

Topics: electronic trading IS impact

Methods: experimental group regression analysis method descriptive statistic robustness check cross sectional research

Theories: transaction cost economics

Exploring Privacy Attitudes and Accurate Information Disclosure in Healthcare Contexts

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Clark, Autumn; Keith, Mark; Masters, Tamara

Abstract: Patients lie to their doctors for a variety of reasons such as judgement, embar ... Expand

Abstract: Patients lie to their doctors for a variety of reasons such as judgement, embarrassment, and financial concerns. These reasons are different from consumer contexts where information disclosure risks include the loss of data to unknown third parties. Yet, the same theories are commonly used to frame both settings. This overextension of theory leads to important differences in the results of these studies. We propose that additional theorizing is needed to reconceptualize privacy calculus to more accurately explain healthcare patient disclosure. Using a hybrid methodology based on both a grounded theory approach and construal level theory, this study explores the perceived risks and benefits of health data and consumer data disclosure. The results reveal significant differences in psychological distance and construal levels between the two contexts which can improve future theorizing. This deeper understanding could help improve the accuracy of patient disclosure and reduce harm in clinical systems. Collapse

Topics: healthcare data mobile application data breach privacy mobile business

Methods: survey grounded theory qualitative coding theory development computational algorithm

Theories: privacy calculus theory construal level theory

Toward Designing Innovation Learning Experiences: Examining Engagement and Affective Traits Based on Learner and Course Characteristics

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Collins, Regina; Deek, Fadi

Abstract: Expanding innovation education research beyond the business domain, this study i ... Expand

Abstract: Expanding innovation education research beyond the business domain, this study introduces learning assignments using individual and group knowledge acquisition to mimic participation in today’s digital innovation platforms, examining learner affective and course characteristics as important factors for designing appropriate innovation learning experiences. Findings suggest that graduate students are more engaged and report higher perceptions of quality and quantity of social capital as well as learning from such assignments and also report higher perceptions of affective characteristics. Groups assigned by instructors (rather than self-selected) are also more engaged with higher perceptions of learning and quantity of social capital. Learners for whom the course is in their degree program are also more engaged, storing more knowledge resources individually and reporting higher perceptions of perceived learning, quantity of social capital, task value, and system satisfaction. Together, these findings have practical implications for educators seeking to engage students in meaningful innovation learning experiences. Collapse

Topics: social capital self efficacy IS satisfaction innovation management knowledge creation

Methods: Student's t-test parametric test survey descriptive statistic survey design

Correction to: Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Robot Exploration for Constructing Map of Unknown Environment

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Chen, Shih-Yeh; He, Qi-Fong; Lai, Chin-Feng

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Understanding Engagement in Online Health Communities: A Trust-Based Perspective

2023 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Connolly, Regina; Sanchez, Otavio Próspero; Compeau, Deborah; Tacco, Fabiana

Abstract: Online health communities (OHCs) represent a popular and valuable resource for t ... Expand

Abstract: Online health communities (OHCs) represent a popular and valuable resource for those seeking health information, support, or advice. They have the potential to reduce dependency on traditional health information channels, increase health literacy and empower a broader range of individuals in relation to their health management decisions. Successful communities are characterized by high levels of trust in user-generated contributions, which is reflected in increased engagement and expressed through knowledge adoption and knowledge contribution. However, research shows that the majority of OHCs are composed of passive participants who do not contribute via posts, thereby threatening the sustainability of many communities and their potential for empowerment. Despite this fact, the relationship between trust and engagement, specifically the trust antecedents that influence engagement in the OHC community context has not been adequately explained in past research. In this study, we leverage social capital behavior and social exchange theory frameworks in order to provide a more granular trust-based elucidation of the factors that influence individuals’ engagement in OHCs. We collected data from 410 Brazilian participants of Facebook OHCs and tested the research model using partial least squares. The results confirm two new constructs—online community responsiveness and community support—as trust antecedents that influence engagement in OHCs, resulting in knowledge adoption and knowledge contribution responses. These findings contribute to the trust and engagement literatures and to social media research knowledge. From a practitioner perspective, the study findings can serve as an important guide for moderators and managers seeking to develop trusted and impactful OHCs. Collapse

Topics: online community user experience electronic health social capital social media

Methods: partial least squares regression survey theory development structural equation modeling Bonferroni correction

Theories: social exchange theory social capital theory

Quality is more important than quantity: Social presence and workplace ergonomics control predict perceived remote work performance

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Conrad, C.; Klesel, M.; Oschinsky, F.; Mayhew, K.; O'Neil, K.; Usai, F.

Abstract: The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a widespread disruption to the way that we wor ... Expand

Abstract: The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a widespread disruption to the way that we work. One of its lasting consequences will be the ubiquity of remote work. The effective use of collaboration tools is therefore a critical factor for information systems (IS) research when design the workplaces of the future. We theorize that social presence and workplace ergonomics control are important predictors of perceived performance. Moreover, we investigate how different factors (i.e., collaboration tool efficacy, mode of work, and number of meetings) influence social presence. Using survey data (N = 389), we provide evidence that workplace ergonomics control and social presence are indeed important for perceived performance. Surprisingly, we observe that only collaborative platform efficacy has a significant impact on social presence, and that neither the number of meetings nor the modality were significant factors. Based upon these results, we derive implications for theory and practice. Collapse

Topics: social presence IT supported collaboration usability ergonomics remote work

Methods: survey structural equation modeling theory development chi squared test SEM tool

Organizations as Digital Enactment Systems: A Theory of Replacement of Humans by Digital Technologies in Organizational Scanning, Interpretation, and Learning

2023 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Constantiou, Ioanna; Joshi, Mayur; Stelmaszak, Marta

Abstract: Digital transformation has become a dominant phenomenon of interest among infor ... Expand

Abstract: Digital transformation has become a dominant phenomenon of interest among information systems scholars. To account for this phenomenon, it is imperative to develop a theoretical understanding of its processes and objects. We adapt a seminal organizational theory that conceptualizes organizations as interpretation systems to a possible future of organizations. We theorize digital transformation as a progressive replacement of humans by digital technologies in performing an organization's fundamental activities underpinning the processes of scanning, interpretation, and learning that encompass an organization's interaction with its environment. As a result, organizations cease to be human interpretation systems and instead turn into digital enactment systems, where digital technologies, instead of humans, nearly autonomously create and act upon information. We illustrate this digital transformation theory using the example of high-frequency trading. This transformation redefines the relationship among organizations, information, and the environment, changing the role of humans and reshaping strategic decision-making. Thus conceived, digital transformation offers a concrete way of theorizing and accounts for deep implications on the nature of organizations and organizing in the digital age. Collapse

Topics: digital transformation IT work decision making electronic trading organization structure

Methods: theory development computational algorithm

Theories: general systems theory organizational theory

Engaging with self-tracking applications: how do users respond to their performance data?

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Constantiou, Ioanna; Mukkamala, Alivelu; Sjöklint, Mimmi; Trier, Matthias

Abstract: Self-tracking devices and applications have become popular in recent years and c ... Expand

Abstract: Self-tracking devices and applications have become popular in recent years and changed user behaviour. Previous research has primarily focused on the adoption of self-tracking devices and their effects on self-assessment. As adoption increases, user engagement becomes prominent for the continuous use of the devices and the applications. In this study, we focus on user engagement with activity tracking applications, e.g., Fitbit Flex and Jawbone Up that offer data on user performance. We collected data from semi-structured interviews with 54 participants. We propose a process model comprising four stages which involve distinct user interactions with data: review, react, reflect, and respond. We advance research in this domain by the proposed process model that explicates user engagement in two cases: when the user encounters satisfactory or unsatisfactory results. In the latter case, we depict four response tactics when users are confronted with unsatisfactory results. Collapse

Topics: smart wearable device mobile system fitness tracker user behavior marketing management

Methods: wearables based research business process modeling qualitative interview archival research longitudinal research

Sustainability Teaching and Learning in Information Systems: Reflections on Over a Decade of Experience

2023 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 2

Authors: Corbett, Jacqueline

Abstract: Despite calls to integrate sustainability topics into information systems (IS) ... Expand

Abstract: Despite calls to integrate sustainability topics into information systems (IS) curricula, there is little concrete direction on how to do it. The purpose of this paper is to share the author's experience in developing and delivering a master's level course on information systems and sustainable development. The paper highlights key considerations related to designing such a course, discusses the advantages and limitations of different approaches, and offers practical suggestions for IS faculty who seek to develop similar courses for their own programs. Collapse

Topics: environmental sustainability artificial intelligence IS management green IS

Methods: simulation case study