Understanding the Digital Companions of Our Future Generation

2023 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 1

Authors: Chandra Kruse, Leona; Bergener, Katrin; Conboy, Kieran; Lundström, Jenny; Maedche, Alexander; Sarker, Suprateek; Seeber, Isabella; Stein, Armin; Tømte, Cathrine

Abstract: The main protagonist in Kazuo Ishiguro's latest novel is Klara, an artificial f ... Expand

Abstract: The main protagonist in Kazuo Ishiguro's latest novel is Klara, an artificial friend whose existential goal is to be a child's companion. Some aspects of this fictional narrative have begun to gradually enter our daily lives. Products reminiscent of Klara are available abundantly on the market: smart toys, adaptive learning applications, and companion robots. Children can relate to these products and perform activities together with them. Preliminary research has shown fundamental differences between existing technologies and these emerging children's digital companions. However, we still do not know much about their benefits and risks. This paper explores different and even contradicting perspectives on the phenomenon. We present the discussion from four perspectives -1) temporality, 2) use, 3) trust and ethics, and 4) sociotechnical design -and conclude the paper with an agenda for interdisciplinary IS research. The agenda points to the need for a psychological, medical, engineering, and temporal research community to understand this emerging sociotechnical phenomenon and design its future for the better. Collapse

Topics: online learning system conversational agent privacy blog electronic commerce

Methods: computational algorithm

TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION RISK: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Brosnan, Andrew; O'Brien, Jack; Manning, Eimear; Whelan, Abigail; Singh, Milan; Padwalkar, Sumeet; Jayes, Fergus; Murphy, Jason; Treacy, Stephen

Abstract: Digital transformation research and industry adoption has been on the rise over ... Expand

Abstract: Digital transformation research and industry adoption has been on the rise over the past decade with the majority of organisations viewing it as critical to their survival over the next five years. However, in spite of the benefits of digital transformation, it presents a clear risk to organisations such as the requirement to develop innovative products and services while maintaining a stable customer and employee experience. With an estimated 90% of digital transformation projects resulting in failures, several calls have emerged from within the academy for research exploring digital transformation risks and the methodologies to manage them. This article presents a systematic literature review (SLR) of 117 papers from high quality information systems (IS) research outlets. This research identifies six major risks that must be identified, monitored and evaluated to enable digital transformation success. These risks encompass the culture, organisation, processes, and technologies being transformed, along with the stakeholders involved in the initiative, and the overall digital transformation strategy being developed. Collapse

Topics: digital transformation spreadsheet

Methods: structured literature research literature study qualitative content analysis literature sample

User-Centered Requirements for Augmented Reality as a Cognitive Assistant for Safety-Critical Services

2023 | Business & Information Systems Engineering | Citations: 0

Authors: Bräker, Julia; Osterbrink, Anna; Semmann, Martin; Wiesche, Manuel

Abstract: Augmented reality (AR) is widely acknowledged to be beneficial for services with ... Expand

Abstract: Augmented reality (AR) is widely acknowledged to be beneficial for services with exceptionally high requirements regarding knowledge and simultaneous tasks to be performed and are safety-critical. This study explores the user-centered requirements for an AR cognitive assistant in the operations of a large European maritime logistics hub. Specifically, it deals with the safety-critical service process of soil sounding. Based on fourteen think-aloud sessions during service delivery, two expert interviews, and two expert workshops, five core requirements for AR cognitive assistants in soil sounding are derived, namely (1) real-time overlay, (2) variety in displaying information, (3) multi-dimensional tracking, (4) collaboration, and (5) interaction. The study is the first one on the applicability and feasibility of AR in the maritime industry and identifies requirements that impact further research on AR use in safety-critical environments. Collapse

Topics: augmented reality logistics management mobile phone situational awareness implicit knowledge

Methods: cognitive walkthrough qualitative interview design science case study protocol analysis

THE PROCESS AUGMENTABILITY CANVAS - HOW TO FIND THE SWEET SPOT FOR AUGMENTED REALITY

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Bräker, Julia; Semmann, Martin

Abstract: The adoption of augmented reality (AR) has been one of the defining technologic ... Expand

Abstract: The adoption of augmented reality (AR) has been one of the defining technological trends of the past decade. While AR has experienced significant growth in consumer electronics, its potential for professional use still needs to be explored. Despite the growing interest in AR, determining its feasibility and potential to satisfy business needs remains challenging. To address this gap, we used a mixedmethod research approach to create a guiding framework called the process augmentability canvas. Drawing on a comprehensive case study of a major European maintenance, repair, and overhaul service provider, as well as state-of-the literature, we present a canvas that allows scholars and practitioners to evaluate AR's applicability for a given process thoroughly. By providing a structured approach to analyzing AR solutions, the process augmentability canvas contributes to a better understanding of how AR can be used efficiently in organizational settings. Collapse

Topics: logistics management usability technology adoption human computer interaction innovation management

Methods: literature study qualitative interview case study design artifact cluster analysis

Theories: unified theory of acceptance and use of technology technology acceptance model theory of task technology fit

The Agency to Implement Voice: How Target Hierarchical Position and Competence Changes the Relationship Between Voice and Individual Performance

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Burris, Ethan R.; McClean, Elizabeth J.; Detert, Jim R.; Quigley, Tim J.

Abstract: Although voice is communication that is intended to benefit the performance of c ... Expand

Abstract: Although voice is communication that is intended to benefit the performance of collectives, little is known about the benefits or costs to individual task performance and what mechanisms drive these effects. Our research offers new theory to articulate and illustrate the conditions under which voice has positive versus negative effects on individual task performance by directly acknowledging that employees have many options for where to direct their ideas. We introduce an agency perspective on voice by theorizing that one fundamental reason why employees speak up is to generate the implementation of corrective action for issues affecting themselves and to the extent targets of voice have agency to facilitate action through implementation of voice, voicing employees should be more likely to realize performance benefits from speaking up. In a first field study, we present evidence that two characteristics—the hierarchical position of the voice target (boss versus peer) and the competence of the voice target—alter the relationship between voice and the voicing employee’s task performance. In a second field study, using an event-contingent design, we provide evidence of the unique mechanisms underlying how competent managers (via their resources) and competent peers (via their efficacy to act) affect how upward and sideways voices lead to idea implementation. We discuss the theoretical implications of these ideas and findings by highlighting how voice target characteristics influence not just the incidence of voice but also, its outcomes. Funding: This research benefited from financial support through the McCombs Research Excellence Grant. Collapse

Topics: task productivity team productivity individual productivity personality human resource management

Methods: survey statistical hypothesis test qualitative interview chi squared test factor analysis

Theories: social cognitive theory

From Full-fledged ERP Systems Towards Process-centric Business Process Platforms

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Böhme, Lukas; Wuttke, Tobias; Bender, Benedict; Teusner, Ralf; Baltes, Sebastian; Matthies, Christoph; Perscheid, Michael

Abstract: Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are critical to the success of enter ... Expand

Abstract: Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are critical to the success of enterprises, facilitating business operations through standardized digital processes. However, existing ERP systems are unsuitable for startups and small and medium-sized enterprises that grow quickly and require adaptable solutions with low barriers to entry. Drawing upon 15 explorative interviews with industry experts, we examine the challenges of current ERP systems using the task technology fit theory across companies of varying sizes. We describe high entry barriers, high costs of implementing implicit processes, and insufficient interoperability of already employed tools. We present a vision of a future business process platform based on three enablers: Business processes as first-class entities, semantic data and processes, and cloud-native elasticity and high availability. We discuss how these enablers address current ERP systems' challenges and how they may be used for research on the next generation of business software for tomorrow's enterprises. KeywordsERP system, enterprise system, business process platform. Collapse

Topics: enterprise resource planning business process management enterprise information system cloud computing semantic data model

Methods: qualitative interview personal interview data modeling business process modeling literature study

Theories: theory of task technology fit

Excuse Me, Something Is Unfair! - Implications of Perceived Fairness of Service Robots

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Büttner, Sebastian; Sourkounis, Cora Maria; Gutzmann, Jan; Prilla, Michael

Abstract: Fairness is an important aspect for individuals and teams. This also applies to ... Expand

Abstract: Fairness is an important aspect for individuals and teams. This also applies to human-robot interaction (HRI). Especially if intelligent robots provide services to multiple humans, humans may feel treated unfairly by robots. Most work in this area deals with the aspects of fair algorithms, task allocation, and decision support. This work focuses on a different, yet little-explored perspective, which looks at fairness in HRI from a human-centered perspective in human-robot teams. We present an experiment in which a service robot was responsible for distributing resources among competing team members -in one condition with an efficient (but rather unfair) distribution algorithm and in another condition with an algorithm that was less efficient but could be considered fair. We investigated how the different strategies of distribution influence the perceived fairness and how this perceived fairness influenced the perception of the robot as such. Our study shows that humans might perceive technically efficient algorithms executed by a robot as unfair, especially if humans personally experience negative consequences. Interestingly, this perceived unfairness had a negative impact on human perception of the robot as such, which should be considered in the design of future robots. Collapse

Topics: robotic user acceptance user interface artificial intelligence data quality

Methods: experiment nonparametric test computational algorithm Mann Whitney U test survey

Innate Principles and the Digital Object: Insights from Core Knowledge Theory

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Califf, Christopher; Springer, Mark

Abstract: Psychology research reveals that humans possess innate principles that govern ho ... Expand

Abstract: Psychology research reveals that humans possess innate principles that govern how we make sense of objects and object-directed actions. These principles are embedded in interrelated systems of core knowledge that shape behavior. This paper theorizes how the innate principles embedded in two core knowledge systems—the system of object representation and the agent system—play a crucial role in shaping how a technology user conceives of and carries out an object-directed action through a digital object and its embedded features. The theorization is instantiated in the context of IS research through a framework we call the user-object action scene, which comprises four interrelated elements: the user, the goal-object/goal-agent, the object-approach, and the goal environment. We conclude by encouraging IS researchers to revisit established IS theories through the lens of innate principles, and provide guidance on how to use innate principles to reexamine two IS theories: technology acceptance and technostress. Collapse

Topics: conversational agent technostress technology adoption sensemaking perceived usefulness

Methods: theory development design artifact

Theories: information systems theory

Introduction to the Artificial Intelligence in Government Minitrack

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Carter, L.; Liu, D.; Gasco-Hernandez, M.

Abstract: ... Expand

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Topics: artificial intelligence privacy decision support system

Methods: structured literature research federated learning bibliometric analysis qualitative content analysis design artifact

Theories: argumentation theory

Algorithm as Boss or Coworker? Randomized Field Experiment on Algorithmic Control and Collaboration in Gig Platform

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Chan, Jason; Kyung, Nakyung; Yoon, Sojung; Kim, Yeonseo

Abstract: ... Expand

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Topics: artificial intelligence platform worker decision making mobile application human computer interaction

Methods: computational algorithm survey experiment field experiment robustness check